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Diseases » Nephrotic syndrome » Glossary

Glossary for Nephrotic syndrome

AIDS-Associated Nephropathy: Kidney disease associated with AIDS.
Amyloidosis: A rare group of metabolic disorders where a protein called amyloid accumulates in body organs and tissues where it can cause damage and is potentially fatal. Symptoms depend on the organs involved. There are numerous forms of the condition: primary amyloidosis, secondary amyloidosis, hemodialysis-associated amyloidosis and familial amyloidosis.
Angiofollicular lymph hyperplasia: A rare disorder of the lymph system characterized by the development of benign tumors in lymph tissue anywhere in the body.
Ankle swelling: Ankle swelling often from injury or fluid retention.
Ascites: Fluid accumulation in abdominal cavity
Autoimmune diseases: A group of disorders in which the primary cause is the an inflammatory reaction caused by the body's own immune system attacking tissues
Barakat syndrome: A rare condition characterized by deafness, kidney disease and insufficiency parathyroid hormone production.
Barraquer-Simons syndrome: A rare disorder that occurs in children and involves the progressive loss of fat layers under the skin which affects the face first and then spreads to the chest region and limbs.
Braun-Bayer syndrome: A familial disorder involving deafness, split uvula, short thumbs and toes and kidney problems.
Bywaters' syndrome: A trauma or accident involving the crushing of soft tissues and associated symptoms. Severe cases can result in death.
Childhood nephrotic syndrome: Various kidney glomeruli conditions in children.
Cholesterol and lipids: Levels of blood or urine cholesterol or lipids as a symptom
Chromosome 22 trisomy mosaic: A rare chromosomal disorder where three copies of chromosome 22 are present in some of the body's cells instead of the normal two. Severity of symptoms is determined by how many cells have the extra chromosomal material.
Chronic Pesticide poisoning - xylene: Xylene is an ingredient used in certain insecticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
Chronic liver disease: Any form of chronic liver disease
Cirrhosis of the liver: Scarring of the liver from alcohol or other causes.
Collagen type III glomerulopathy: A rare progressive form of kidney disease characterized by the abnormal deposits of type III collagen in the kidneys. The severity and rate of progression of the condition is variable.
Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1K: Congenital disorders of glycosylation is a group of very rare inherited metabolic disorder where defective carbohydrate compounds are attached to glycoproteins and thus impairing glycoprotein function. Type Ik is caused by a defect on chromosome 16p13.3 and involves a defect in the gene for beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase. The disorder is generally fatal within a year or two of birth.
Congestive Heart Failure: Inadequate pumping and decline of heart function common in the elderly.
Cystic fibrosis - gastritis - megaloblastic anaemia: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by cystic fibrosis, metaloblastic anemia, mental retardation and gastritis due to helicobacter pylori.
Denys-Drash Syndrome: A condition which is characterized by gonadal dysgenesis, nephropathy and the occurrence of Wilm's tumour
Diabetes: Failing or reduced ability of the body to handle sugars.
Eye swelling: A swelling located at the eye
Finnish nephrosis syndrome: A rare inherited disorder where the kidney's ability to filter is defective and results in excessive protein in the urine, failure to thrive and malnutrition.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A rare kidney disorder involving scarring of parts of the kidney filtering system which affects kidney function. It usually occurs for no apparent reason but can result from kidney damage caused by illicit drug use, certain viral infections and HIV.
Foot swelling: Swelling of one or both feet
Galloway-Mowat Syndrome: A condition which is characterized by microcephaly, hiatal hernia and nephrotic syndrome
Glomerulonephritis: Kidney disease where the kidney's have problems removing waste material and excessive fluid.
Glomerulonephritis, membranous congenital due to anti-maternal NEP alloimmunisation: An immune reaction involving maternal antibodies which attack the fetus and causes kidney problems. The condition occurs when a mother with a deficiency of NEP becomes exposed to NEP antigen produced by the fetus which results in the production of antibodies that attack NEP and cause kidney damage.
Gold poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to gold.
HIV/AIDS: HIV is a sexually transmitted virus and AIDS is the progressive immune failure that HIV causes.
Heart conditions: Any condition that affects the heart
Heart failure: Slow failure of the heart (cardiac insufficiency).
Hypertension: High blood pressure
Hypoalbuminemia: Low levels of albumin (protein) in the blood.
Hyponatraemia: Hyponatraemia means there is a lower than normal concentration of sodium in the blood.
Hypothyroidism: Too little thyroid hormone production.
Immunoglobulinic amyloidosis: A disease characterized by the abnormal deposit of amyloid in various parts of the body, especially organs such as the kidneys, heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract and peripheral nerves. It occurs when plasma cells in the bone marrow produce too much of a protein portion of an antibody called the light chain. The exact symptoms are determined by the extent of the organ involvement.
Infantile sialic acid storage disorder: A rare inherited biochemical disorder characterized by the accumulation of sialic acid in the tissues and excretion of sialic acid in the urine. The disorder results in death within the first few years of life - usually in infancy.
Kidney conditions: Any condition affecting the kidney organs.
Kidney disease: Reduced kidney function from various causes.
Knee swelling: Swelling of the knee joint
Kwashiorkor: A malnutrition state that is produced by severe protein deficiency
Leukemia: Cancer of the blood cells, usually white blood cells.
Lithium poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to lithium.
Lupus: Autoimmune disease with numerous effects on various organs and linings.
Lymphatic Filariasis: Parasitic worm infection of the lympatic system
Lymphoma: Cancer involving lymph nodes and the immune system.
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: A rare kidney disorder characterized by impaired kidney function due to inflammation and changes to the cells that make up the kidneys which affects it's ability to function as a filtering organ.
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (type 2): A rare form of kidney disorder involving the deposit of a dense material in parts of the kidney, the splenic sinusoids and the Bruch membrane of the retina. The condition causes chronic kidney inflammation.
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, X-linked: A kidney disorder inherited in a X-linked manner which means that only males are symptomatic but females may be carriers.
Membranous nephropathy, idiopathic: A rare kidney disorder which occurs for no obvious reason and involves thickening and dysfunction of the filtering part of the kidneys.
Mesangial sclerosis, diffuse: A rare inherited disorder involving a kidney disorder that starts early in life and rapidly progresses to kidney failure. Death often occurs within years of birth.
Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis type 1: A rare kidney disorder characterized by impaired kidney function due to autoimmune processes that cause inflammation and changes to the cells that make up the kidneys.
Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis type III: A rare kidney disorder characterized by impaired kidney function due to changes to the cells that make up the kidneys which affect it's ability to filter blood.
Mosse syndrome: A condition involving the association of liver cirrhosis with polycythemia which is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the excessive production of mainly red blood cells by the bone marrow.
Muckle-Wells syndrome: An inherited condition characterized by amyloidosis (protein deposits), deafness, hives and limb pain.
Nephrosis - deafness - urinary tract - digital malformation: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by kidney disease, deafness and abnormalities of the urinary tract, fingers and toes.
Nephrotic syndrome: Various kidney glomeruli conditions
Nephrotic syndrome ocular anomalies: A rare disorder characterized by the association of particular eye anomalies with kidney disease. Kidney failure occurs before or soon after birth with death occurring within months of birth.
Obesity: An increase in the body weight greater than that required for normal function that is characterised by the accumulation of excessive fat
Obstructive Jaundice: Condition where blockage of the flow of bile from the liver causes overspill of bile products into the blood and incomplete bile excretion from the body.
Peritonitis: Inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity
Pleural effusion: Fluid in the pleural spaces.
Poisoning: The condition produced by poison
Proteinuria: Protein in the urine
Recurrent infections: Recurrent infections that occur throughout the year.
Right heart failure: Heart failure of the right side of the heart
Syphilis: A sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacteria (Treponema pallidum). The condition is often asymptomatic in the early stages but one or more sores may be present in the early stages. Untreated syphilis usually results in remission of visible symptoms but further severe damage may occur to internal organs and other body tissues which can result in death.
Thrombosis: Blood clot occurring in a blood vessel
Type 1 diabetes: Severe insulin-treated diabetes typically occurring in young people.
Type 2 diabetes: Most common diabetes in adults, usually progressing slowly, mostly treated without insulin at diagnosis.
Venous Insufficiency: A condition where the valves in the leg veins are unable to pump blood to the heart which causes blood to pool below the defective valves.