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Is it unilateral or bilateral? Unilateral deafness may be due to local conditions such as wax, a foreign body, otitis media, or ruptured drum, or it may be due to neurologic conditions such as Ménière's disease, acoustic neuroma, or multiple ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is it subjective or objective? Objective tinnitus is unusual, but it may indicate glomus tumors, arteriovenous malformations, carotid stenosis, aneurysms, anemia, a patent eustachian tube, or myoclonus. Objective tinnitus means that ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Hearing loss affects about 10% of the U.S. population. Two broad categories of hearing loss exist, conductive and sensorineural. Conductive hearing loss results from any process that prevents sound from reaching the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss refers to nerve-type hearing loss... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Tinnitus is a perception of noise (usually ringing, buzzing, or hissing) in the ears, which may be constant or intermittent, temporary or permanent. The pitch and other characteristics of tinnitus should be identified, if possible, to more effectively narrow the... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Tinnitus is a ringing in the ears that is usually constant in pitch and volume and continues for a significant period of time. It can have a wide variety of causes, which requires a very detailed history and head/neck exam.
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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All patients with suspected hearing loss require formal audiologic testing to characterize the nature (conductive, sensorineural, mixed) and extent of the loss. Early treatment is essential, as is early habilitation for those in whom the hearing loss... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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About one-third to one-half of congenital hearing loss is genetic, of which 15–30% may be syndromic. Universal newborn hearing screening programs allow diagnosis, and thereby habilitation, of deaf children at a much younger age, dramatically increasing the likelihood of their... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... If one dissects the anatomy of the external, middle, and internal ear one can obtain an excellent list of conditions to be considered in the differential diagnosis of tinnitus and deafness ( Table 58 ).
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... Affecting nearly 16 million Americans, hearing loss may be temporary or permanent and partial or complete. This common symptom may involve reception of low-, middle-, or high-frequency tones. If the hearing loss doesn’t affect speech frequencies, the patient may be unaware of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Tinnitus literally means ringing in the ears; although many other abnormal sounds fall under this term. For example, tinnitus may be described as the sound of escaping air, running water, the inside of a seashell, or as a sizzling, buzzing, or humming noise. Occasionally,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Sensorineural (Inner Ear)
Aging
Prolonged exposure to loud noise
Drugs
Salicylates
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... Hearing loss results from a mechanical or nervous impediment to the transmission of sound waves. The major forms of hearing loss are classified as conductive loss (interrupted passage of sound from the external ear to the junction of the stapes and... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Open trauma wounds (abrasions, avulsions, crush wounds, lacerations, missile injuries, and punctures) are injuries that commonly result from home, work, or motor vehicle accidents and from acts of violence.
Signs and symptoms
In all open wounds, assess... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Signs and Symptoms Pallor, cyanosis, pain, tachycardia, dyspnea, hypotension, bruising, abdominal distention and rigidity
Treatment (Tx) I.V. fluid replacement, surgical repair, analgesics,
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... Trauma is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Emergency trauma care basics include triage; assessing and maintaining airway, breathing, and circulation (the ABCs); protecting the cervical spine; assessing the level of consciousness (LOC); and, as needed,... Triage: First things first ... Begin with the ABCs ... Expose the patient ... Head-to-toe assessment ... Stabilize the patient ... Tips on applying a splint ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... The term rape refers to illicit sexual intercourse without consent. It’s a violent assault in which sex is used as a weapon. Rape inflicts varying degrees of physical and psychological trauma. Rape trauma syndrome occurs during the period following the rape or... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Affecting nearly 16 million Americans, hearing loss may be temporary or permanent and partial or complete. This common symptom may involve reception of low-, middle-, or high-frequency tones. If the hearing loss doesn’t affect speech frequencies, the patient may be unaware of it. ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Tinnitus literally means ringing in the ears, but many other abnormal sounds fall under this term. For example, tinnitus may be described as the sound of escaping air, running water, or the inside of a seashell or as a sizzling, buzzing, or humming... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Mark Knudson
Approximately 28 million Americans have hearing loss. Among individuals aged more than 65 years, 7% to 8% report hearing loss, yet close to 20% will have evidence of hearing loss if screened (1).
... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Sara Lynn Neal
Tinnitus, which has been described as “ear noise,” consists of sounds heard by the patient with no sound source external to the head. Although infinite variations can occur, most commonly... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
Sensorineural
❑ Presbyacusis
❑ Noise-induced loss
❑ Drugs
❑ M... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Impacted cerumen
❑ Otitis media
❑ Eustachian dysfunction
❑ Presbyacusis
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Loss of hearing results from a mechanical or nervous impediment to the transmission of sound waves. Hearing loss is classified into three major forms:
❑ Conductive loss is the interrupted passage of sound from the... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Open trauma wounds (abrasions, avulsions, crush wounds, lacerations, missile injuries, and punctures) are injuries that commonly result from home, work, or motor vehicle accidents and from acts of violence.
Signs and ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... The term rape refers to illicit sexual intercourse without consent. It’s a violent assault in which sex is used as a weapon. Rape inflicts varying degrees of physical and psychological trauma.
Rape trauma syndrome occurs after the rape or... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Affecting nearly 16 million Americans, hearing loss may be temporary or permanent and partial or complete. This common symptom may involve reception of low-, middle-, or high-frequency tones. If the hearing loss doesn’t affect speech frequencies, the... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Tinnitus literally means ringing in the ears; although many other abnormal sounds fall under this term. For example, tinnitus may be described as the sound of escaping air, running water, or the inside of a seashell or as a sizzling, buzzing, or... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Hearingis the perception and interpretation of sound. Because normal hearing is importantin development of language and social interaction, moderate-to-severehearing loss during first 3 yrs of life may seriously impair thisdevelopment. ... Principal Causes of Hearing Loss and Deafness ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Table 26.1. Indications of Possible Hearing Loss or Deafness ... References
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... Affecting nearly 16 million Americans, hearing loss may be temporary or permanent and partial or complete. This common symptom may involve reception of low-, middle-, or high-frequency tones. If the hearing loss doesn't affect speech frequencies, the patient may be unaware... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Tinnitus literally means ringing in the ears, although many other abnormal sounds fall under this term. For example, tinnitus may be described as the sound of escaping air, running water, the inside of a seashell, or as a sizzling, buzzing, or humming noise. Occasionally, it's described as a... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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If one dissects the anatomy of the external, middle, and
internal ear one can obtain an excellent list of conditions to be considered
in the differential diagnosis of tinnitus and deafness (Table 58).
Beginning in the external canal,... Pictures
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