What is Nosocomial infections?

What is Nosocomial infections?

• Nosocomial infections: Any infection that originates in a hospital.

Nosocomial infections: Introduction

Types of Nosocomial infections:

Types of Nosocomial infections:

• Nosocomial infections by site:
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Surgical site infections
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Blood stream infections
  • Skin infections
  • Gastrointestinal tract infections
  • Central nervous system infections
• Nosocomial fungal infections - fungi cause about 9% of nosocomial infections.
  • Candida
  • Candida albicans
  • Aspergillus
  • Fusarium (type of Mold allergies)
  • Trichosporon
  • Malassezia
• Nosocomial pneumonia
  • Bacterial pneumonia (type of Pneumonia)
  • Legionnaires' disease
  • Pulmonary aspergillosis
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Viral pneumonias (type of Pneumonia)
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus
  • Influenza
• Nosocomial infections by pathogen:
  • Staphylococci
  • Pseudomonas
  • Escherichia coli
• Antibiotic-resistant nosocomial infections
  • Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  • Vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
  • Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)
• more types...»

Broader types of Nosocomial infections:

• Opportunistic infections
• Iatrogenic conditions
• more types...»

How many people get Nosocomial infections?

Incidence (annual) of Nosocomial infections: estimated 2 million cases annually or about 10% of American hospital patients (CDC/NNIS 1992)
Incidence Rate of Nosocomial infections: approx 1 in 136 or 0.74% or 2 million people in USA [about data]

Who gets Nosocomial infections?

Patient Profile for Nosocomial infections: Typically immunosuppressed hospital patients due to age, disease, medication, or surgery.

How serious is Nosocomial infections?

Deaths for Nosocomial infections: 80,000 deaths annually (Starfield, JAMA 284(4), 2000)

What causes Nosocomial infections?

Risk factors for Nosocomial infections: see risk factors for Nosocomial infections

What are the symptoms of Nosocomial infections?

Symptoms of Nosocomial infections: see symptoms of Nosocomial infections

Nosocomial infections: Testing

Diagnostic testing: see tests for Nosocomial infections.

Misdiagnosis: see misdiagnosis and Nosocomial infections.

How is it treated?

Treatments for Nosocomial infections: see treatments for Nosocomial infections
Prevention of Nosocomial infections: see prevention of Nosocomial infections
Research for Nosocomial infections: see research for Nosocomial infections

Society issues for Nosocomial infections

Costs of Nosocomial infections: more than $4.5 billion in 1992 (CDC/NNIS 1992)

Cost statistics for Nosocomial infections: The following are statistics from various sources about costs and Nosocomial infections:

• $1.71 billion spent on infections resulting from medical care annually in America 2000-02 (Patient Safety in American Hospitals, Health Grades 2004)
• $1,706.39 million in excess cost for selected infections resulting from medical care was attributable to patient safety incidents in the US 2000-2002 (Patient Safety in American Hospitals, Health Grades 2004)
• more statistics...»

Name and Aliases of Nosocomial infections

Main name of condition: Nosocomial infections

Nosocomial

Research the causes of these diseases that are similar to, or related to, Nosocomial infections:

• Urinary tract infection
• Pneumopathy
• Ventilator associated pneumonia
• Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
• Tuberculosis
• Gastroenteritis
• Legionella

 » Next page: Online Medical Textbooks for Nosocomial infections

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