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Diseases » Optic neuritis » Glossary

Glossary for Optic neuritis

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A rare neurological disorder where an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord occurs due to damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) around the nerves.
Age-related macular degeneration: Deterioration of the central field of vision.
Amaurosis fugax: A rare condition where a temporary blockage of blood flow to the retina causes vision loss in the affected eye until the blood flow returns.
Benign Multiple Sclerosis: Describes a type of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in which few relapses occur. These relapses tend to produce sensory symptoms, which go away and leave very little or no residual damage or disability
Blindness: The inability to see out of the eyes
Brucellosis: An infectious disease caused by the Brucella genus which is transmitted from animals to humans.
Cat scratch disease: An infectious disease transmitted through a cat's bite, scratch or lick and resulting primarily in lymph node pain and swelling. The condition can be mild or severe.
Churg-Strauss Syndrome: A condition characterized by blood vessel inflammation that occurs throughout the body.
Cytomegalovirus: A easily transmissible viral infection that is common but generally causes no symptoms except in infants and people with weakened immune systems.
Demyelinating disorder: Any condition that is characterised by the destruction of the myelin sheaths of the nerves
Eye conditions: Any condition that affects the eyes
Eye pain: Pain affecting the eye
Isoniazid - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Isoniazid during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
Lead poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to lead.
Lupus: Autoimmune disease with numerous effects on various organs and linings.
Meningitis: Dangerous infection of the membranes surrounding the brain.
Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune attack on spinal nerves causing diverse and varying neural problems.
Mumps: An acute viral disease that causes the salivary glands to become swollen, sore and inflamed. Immunization had greatly reduced the incidence of this disease.
Nerve damage: Any damage which occurs to a nerve altering its structure or function
Neuromyelitis Optica: A demyelinating disorder associated with transverse myelopathy and optic neuritis
Optic atrophy: Dysfunction of the optic nerve which results in impaired vision. The disorder may be congenital or acquired. The rate and degree of atrophy is greatly variable depending on the cause.
Papillitis: A progressive eye disorder characterized by inflammation and degeneration of part of the optic nerve (optic disk) which can result in blindness and can affect only one, or both eyes. The degree of vision loss is variable.
Papilloedema: Oedema that is located at the optic disc
Photophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of light.
Possible human carcinogenic exposure - Lead: Some evidence indicates that exposure to Lead has a possible link to an increased risk of developing cancer in humans. The carcinogenicity of the substance may be influenced by the duration and level of exposure.
Probable human carcinogen - Chloramphenicol: Chloramphenicol (an antibiotic) is deemed to be a probable carcinogen to humans. The carcinogenicity of the substance may be influenced by the duration and level of exposure.
Retinal Vein Occlusion: A condition which is characterized by the occlusion of the retinal vein
Retinal detachment: Partial or total detachment of retina from the back of the eye.
River Blindness: Skin and eye infection caused by the helminth (worm) 'Onchocerca volvulus', transmitted via fly bites and usually seen only in parts of Africa, the Middle East and South America
Sarcoidosis: Rare autoimmune disease usually affecting the lungs.
Streptomycin - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Streptomycin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
Syphilis: A sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacteria (Treponema pallidum). The condition is often asymptomatic in the early stages but one or more sores may be present in the early stages. Untreated syphilis usually results in remission of visible symptoms but further severe damage may occur to internal organs and other body tissues which can result in death.
Temporal arteritis: Inflamed head artery causing headache.
Thallium poisoning: The poisoning of a person with the element thallium
Vasculitis: Inflammation of a blood or lymph vessel
Vision loss: Impaired vision or loss of vision