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Is the hypotension found only on standing? The finding of hypotension on standing suggests orthostatic hypotension, which may be due to several causes, including hypopituitarism, diabetic neuropathy, anemia, and various ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Chronic low blood pressure is generally not a serious problem. However, a sudden drop in blood pressure is a sign of an underlying condition and may result in serious consequences secondary to cerebral and renal hypoperfusion.
Differential Diagnosis
... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Many patients are told they have a low blood pressure and are even treated for it when that blood pressure may be entirely normal for them. Asymptomatic hypotension may not be pathologic at all. At any rate, an expensive investigation for the causes of “hypotension&
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... Low blood pressure refers to inadequate intravascular pressure to maintain the oxygen requirements of the body's tissues. Although commonly linked to shock, this sign may also result from a cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic, or metabolic... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Normally, systolic pressure is about 40 mm Hg higher than diastolic pressure. Widened pulse pressure — a difference of more than 50 mm Hg — commonly occurs as a... Emergency interventions ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Pulsus paradoxus, or paradoxical pulse, is an exaggerated decline in blood pressure during inspiration. Normally, systolic pressure falls less than 10 mm Hg during inspiration. In pulsus paradoxus, it falls more than 10 mm Hg. (See Comparing arterial pressure... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... In orthostatic hypotension, the patient’s blood pressure drops 15 to 20 mm Hg or more — with or without an increase in the heart rate of at least 20 beats/ minute — when he rises from a supine to a sitting or standing position. (Blood pressure should be... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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...Decorticate rigidity, abnormal flexor response
A sign of corticospinal damage, decorticate posture is characterized by adduction of the arms and flexion of the elbows, with wrists and fingers flexed on the chest. The legs are extended and internally rotated, with... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Hypovolemia
External losses
Hemorrhage
Gastrointestinal loss
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... Low blood pressure refers to inadequate intravascular pressure to maintain the the body’s oxygen requirements. Although commonly linked to shock, this sign may also result from cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic, or metabolic disorders. Hypoperfusion states... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Normally, systolic pressure is about 40 mm Hg higher than diastolic pressure. Widened pulse pressure—a difference of more than 50 mm Hg—commonly occurs as a physiologic response... Emergency Interventions ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers
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... Pulsus paradoxus, or paradoxical pulse, is an exaggerated decline in blood pressure during inspiration. Normally, systolic pressure falls less than 10 mm Hg during inspiration. In pulsus paradoxus, it falls more than 10 mm Hg. (See ... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... In orthostatic hypotension, the patient’s blood pressure drops 15 to 20 mm Hg or more—with or without an increase in the heart rate of at least 20 beats/minute—when he rises from a supine to a sitting or standing position. (Blood pressure... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... A sign of corticospinal damage, decorticate posture is characterized by adduction of the arms and flexion of the elbows, with wrists and fingers flexed on the chest. The legs are extended and internally rotated, with plantar flexion of the feet. This posture may... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Differential Overview
Dysautonomia
❑ Diabetes
❑ Drugs
❑ Pernicious anemia
❑ Amyloidosis
❑ Guillain... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Normally, systolic pressure is about 40 mm Hg higher than diastolic pressure. Widened pulse pressure — a difference of more than 50 mm Hg — commonly occurs as a... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... In orthostatic hypotension, the patient’s blood pressure drops 15 to 20 mm Hg or more — with or without an increase in the heart rate to at least 20 beats/minute — when he rises from a supine to a sitting or standing position. (Blood pressure should be measured 5 minutes... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Pulsus paradoxus is an exaggerated decline in blood pressure during inspiration. Normally, systolic pressure falls less than 10 mm Hg during inspiration. In pulsus paradoxus, it falls more than 10 mm Hg. (See Comparing arterial pressure waves, pages 246 and 247.) When... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... A sign of corticospinal damage, decorticate posture is characterized by adduction of the arms and flexion of the elbows, with wrists and fingers flexed on the chest. The legs are extended and internally rotated, with plantar flexion of the feet. This posture may occur... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Normally, systolic pressure is about 40 mm Hg higher than diastolic pressure. Widened pulse pressure — a difference of more than 50 mm Hg — commonly occurs as a physiologic response to fever,... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Pulsus paradoxus, or paradoxical pulse, is an exaggerated decline in blood pressure during inspiration. Normally, systolic pressure falls less than 10 mm Hg during inspiration. In pulsus paradoxus, it falls more than 10 mm Hg. (See Comparing... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... In orthostatic hypotension, also called postural hypertension, the patient’s blood pressure drops 15 to 20 mm Hg or more — with or without an increase in the heart rate of at least 20 beats/minute — when he rises from a supine to a sitting... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... A sign of corticospinal damage, decorticate posture is characterized by adduction of the arms and flexion of the elbows, with wrists and fingers flexed on the chest. The legs are extended and internally rotated, with plantar flexion of the feet.... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Normally, systolic pressure is about 40 mm Hg higher than diastolic pressure. Widened pulse pressure—a difference of more than 50 mm Hg—commonly occurs as a physiologic response to... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Pulsus paradoxus, or paradoxical pulse, is an exaggerated decline in blood pressure during inspiration. Normally, systolic pressure falls less than 10 mm Hg during inspiration. In pulsus paradoxus, it falls more than 10 mm Hg. (See Comparing arterial pressure waves, page 510.)... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... In orthostatic hypotension, the patient's blood pressure drops 15 to 20 mm Hg or more—with or without an increase in the heart rate of at least 20 beats/minute—when he rises from a supine to a sitting or standing position. (Blood pressure should be measured 5... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Low blood pressure refers to inadequate intravascular pressure to maintain the oxygen requirements of the body's tissues. Although commonly linked to shock, this sign may also result from a cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic, or metabolic disorder.... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... A sign of corticospinal damage, decorticate posture is characterized by adduction of the arms and flexion of the elbows, with wrists and fingers flexed on the chest. The legs are extended and internally rotated, with plantar flexion of the feet. This posture may occur... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ EXCERPTS »
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Many patients are told that they have a low blood pressure and are even
treated for it when that blood pressure may be entirely normal for them.
Asymptomatic hypotension may not be pathologic at all. At any rate, an
expensive investigation into... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
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