All statistics for Pancreas conditions
Prevalence/Incidence of Pancreas conditions: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Pancreas conditions.
Diabetes mellitus:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
DM affects an estimated 6% of the population of the United States, about half of whom are undiagnosed. Incidence is greater in females and rises with age. Type 2 accounts for 90% of cases.
In type 1 diabetes, pancreatic beta-cell destruction or a primary defect in beta-cell function results in failure to release insulin and ineffective glucose transport. Type 1 immune-mediated diabetes is caused by cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. The rate of beta-cell destruction is usually higher in children than in adults. The idiopathic form of type 1 diabetes has no known cause. Patients with this form have no evidence of autoimmunity and don’t produce insulin.
In type 2 diabetes, beta cells release insulin, but receptors are insulin-resistant and glucose transport is variable and ineffective. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include:
❑ obesity (even an increased percentage of body fat primarily in the abdominal region); risk decreases with weight and drug therapy
❑ lack of physical activity
❑ history of GDM
❑ hypertension
❑ Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Asian American, Native American origin
❑ strong family history of diabetes
❑ older than age 45
❑ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of less than 35 or triglyceride of greater than 250
❑ Seriously impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) test.
ELDER TIP As the body ages, the cells become more resistant to insulin, thus reducing the older adult’s ability to metabolize glucose. In addition, the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells is reduced and delayed. These combined processes result in hyperglycemia. In the older patient, sudden concentrations of glucose cause increased and more prolonged hyperglycemia.
The “other specific types” of DM result from various conditions (such as a genetic defect of the beta cells or endocrinopathies) or from use of or exposure to certain drugs or chemicals. GDM is considered present whenever a patient has any degree of abnormal glucose during pregnancy. This form may result from weight gain and increased levels of estrogen and placental hormones, which antagonize insulin.
Insulin transports glucose into the cell for use as energy and storage as glycogen. It also stimulates protein synthesis and free fatty acid storage in the fat deposits. Insulin deficiency compromises the body tissues’access to essential nutrients for fuel and storage.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Pancreatic cancer:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Evidence suggests that pancreatic cancer is linked to inhalation or absorption of the following carcinogens, which are then excreted by the pancreas:
❑cigarettes
❑food additives
❑industrial chemicals, such as beta-naphthalene, benzidine, and urea.
Possible predisposing factors are chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic alcohol abuse (both pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus may be early manifestations of the disease as well).
Pancreatic cancer incidence increases with age, peaking between ages 60 and 70. Geographically, the incidence is highest in Israel, the United States, Sweden, and Canada.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Pancreas conditions usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Pancreas conditions at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Pancreas conditions refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Pancreas conditions diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
Diabetes is no reason to stop chasing Olympic gold. Meet Chris Jarvis, an elite Canadian rower, who continues to aggressively train despite having...
The benefits of HIV treatments often come with side effects, some of them strong enough to keep people from taking their medications. Join Drs....
"I authorize the release of any medical or other information necessary to process this claim." Do you recognize these words? You should, if...
Sexual contact can sometimes result in problems. An unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases may be some of those consequences. But by...
See full list of 4 related videos
» Next page: Videos related to Pancreas conditions
Rate This Website
What do you think about the features of this website?
Take our user survey and have your say:
Website User Survey
Medical Tools & Articles:
Next articles:
Tools & Services:
Medical Articles:
Forums & Message Boards
- Ask or answer a question at the Boards:
