Prevalence and Incidence of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Prevalence: Book Excerpts
Incidence (annual) of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease:
1 million women have a PID episode each year (NIAID) ... see also overview of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
Incidence Rate:
approx 1 in 272 or 0.37% or 1 million people in USA [Source statistic for calcuation: "1 million women have a PID episode each year (NIAID)" -- see also general information about data sources]
Incidence extrapolations for USA for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease:
1,000,000 per year,
83,333 per month,
19,230 per week,
2,739 per day,
114 per hour,
1 per minute,
0 per second.
[Source statistic for calculation: "1 million women have a PID episode each year (NIAID)" -- see also general information about data sources]
Prevalance of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease:
Each year in
the United States, more than 1 million women experience an episode of
acute PID. More than 100,000 women become infertile each year as a result
of PID, and a large proportion of the ectopic pregnancies occurring every
year are due to the consequences of PID. (Source: excerpt from PID: DSTD)
...
Each year in the United States, more than 1 million women
experience an episode of acute PID, with the rate of infection
highest among teenagers. (Source: excerpt from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)
Prevelance of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease discussion:
Each year up to 1 million women in the
United States develop PID, a serious infection of the reproductive
organs. As many as half of all cases of PID may be due to chlamydial
infection, and many of these don't have symptoms. PID can cause
scarring of the fallopian tubes, which can block the tubes and
prevent fertilization from taking place. Researchers estimate that
100,000 women each year become infertile because of PID. (Source: excerpt from Chlamydial Infection, NIAID Fact Sheet: NIAID)
More Statistics about Pelvic Inflammatory Disease:
Deaths and related statistics
Hospitalization statistics
All statistics for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Prevalence/Incidence of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
Dysmenorrhea:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Although primary dysmenorrhea has no known single cause, possible contributing factors include hormonal imbalances and psychogenic factors. The pain of dysmenorrhea probably results from increased prostaglandin secretion, which intensifies normal uterine contractions. (See Causes of pelvic pain, page 938.) Dysmenorrhea may also be secondary to such gynecologic disorders as endometriosis, cervical stenosis, uterine leiomyomas, uterine malposition, pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic tumors, or adenomyosis.
Because dysmenorrhea almost always follows an ovulatory cycle, both the primary and secondary forms are rare during the anovulatory cycles of menses. After age 20, dysmenorrhea is generally secondary.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Pelvic inflammatory disease:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
PID can result from infection with aerobic or anaerobic organisms. The organisms Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are the most common cause because they most readily penetrate the bacteriostatic barrier of cervical mucus.
Normally, cervical secretions have a protective and defensive function. Therefore, conditions or procedures that alter or destroy cervical mucus impair this bacteriostatic mechanism and allow bacteria present in the cervix or vagina to ascend into the uterine cavity; such procedures include conization or cauterization of the cervix.
Uterine infection can also follow the transfer of contaminated cervical mucus into the endometrial cavity by instrumentation. Consequently, PID can follow insertion of an intrauterine device, use of a biopsy curet or an irrigation catheter, or tubal insufflation. Other predisposing factors include abortion, pelvic surgery, and infection during or after pregnancy.
Bacteria may also enter the uterine cavity through the bloodstream or from drainage from a chronically infected fallopian tube, a pelvic abscess, a ruptured appendix, diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon, or other infectious foci.
Common bacteria found in cervical mucus are staphylococci, streptococci, diphtheroids, chlamydiae, and coliforms, including Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli. Uterine infection can result from any one or several of these organisms or may follow the multiplication of normally nonpathogenic bacteria in an altered endometrial environment. Bacterial multiplication is most common during parturition because the endometrium is atrophic, quiescent, and not stimulated by estrogen.
In the United States, nearly 1 million people develop PID each year; many cases go undiagnosed. About 1 in 8 active adolescents will develop PID before age 21.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- Clinical diagnosis of PID is imprecise.
- Positive predictive value of clinical diagnosis ranges from 65–90% compared to laparoscopy.
- No single history item, physical exam finding, or laboratory test is either completely sensitive or specific for the diagnosis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Pelvic Inflammatory Disease at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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