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Menopause is a natural process that doesn’t require treatment unless menopausal symptoms, such as hot flashes or vaginal dryness, are particularly bothersome. Hormonal agents for patients with a uterus include estrogen with progesterone to prevent endometrial cancer. If the patient doesn’t have a uterus, progesterone isn’t necessary.
The Women’s Health Initiative has led physicians to revise their recommendations regarding hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Health risks (increased incidence of breast cancer, heart attacks, strokes, and blood clots) outweigh the health benefits (decreased osteoporosis) for women taking both estrogen and progesterone. If symptoms are severe, HRT may be considered for short-term use (2 to 4 years) to reduce vaginal dryness, hot flashes, and other symptoms. If this is used, frequent pelvic examinations, Pap smears, physical examinations, breast examinations, and mammograms are indicated to reduce the risks of estrogen replacement therapy while still gaining the treatment’s benefits.
Medications may be prescribed to help with mood swings, hot flashes, and other symptoms. These include low doses of antidepressants, such as paroxetine, venlafaxine, and fluoxetine, or clonidine, which is normally used to control high blood pressure.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
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