Symptoms of Polio
Symptoms of Polio
The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources
for Polio includes the 22
symptoms listed below:
- Phase 1: Mild case symptoms occur in most cases:
- Phase 2: More severe symptoms including meningitis may occur after several days:
- Very severe symptoms:
- more information...»
Research symptoms & diagnosis of Polio:
Polio: Complications
Review medical complications possibly associated with Polio:
Polio Symptoms: Book Excerpts
Research More About Polio
Do I have Polio?
Wrongly Diagnosed with Polio?
The list of other diseases or medical conditions
that may be on the differential diagnosis list of alternative diagnoses
for Polio includes:
See the full list of 15
alternative diagnoses for Polio
More about symptoms of Polio:
More information about symptoms of Polio and related conditions:
Other Possible Causes of these Symptoms
Click on any of the symptoms below to see a full list
of other causes including diseases, medical conditions, toxins, drug interactions,
or drug side effect causes of that symptom.
Medical Books Online about Polio
Medical Books Excerpts
Excerpts of published medical book chapters related to Polio
are available from published medical books
for more detailed information about Polio.
Medical Books Excerpts
- Paralysis
- "Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition)" (2006)
- [ read ]
- Paralysis
- "Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition)" (2006)
- [ read ]
- Paralysis
- "Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series" (2007)
- [ read ]
- Paralysis
- "Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses" (2007)
- [ read ]
- Paralysis
- "Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms" (2007)
- [ read ]
Copyright notice for book excerpts: Copyright © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved.
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Symptoms of Polio: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the symptoms of Polio.
Poliomyelitis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Manifestations of poliomyelitis follow three basic patterns. Inapparent (subclinical) infections constitute 95% of all poliovirus infections. Abortive poliomyelitis (minor illness), which accounts for 4% to 8% of all cases, causes slight fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, inflamed pharynx, and vomiting. The patient usually recovers within 72 hours. Most cases of inapparent or abortive poliomyelitis go unnoticed.
Major poliomyelitis, however, involves the CNS and takes two forms: nonparalytic and paralytic. Children commonly show a biphasic course, in which the onset of major illness occurs after recovery from the minor illness stage. Nonparalytic poliomyelitis produces moderate fever, headache, vomiting, lethargy, irritability, and pains in the neck, back, arms, legs, and abdomen. It also causes muscle tenderness, weakness, and spasms in the extensors of the neck and back and sometimes in the hamstring and other muscles. (These spasms may be observed during maximum range-of-motion exercises.) Nonparalytic polio usually lasts about a week, with meningeal irritation persisting for about 2 weeks.
Paralytic poliomyelitis usually develops within 5 to 7 days of the onset of fever. The patient displays symptoms similar to those of nonparalytic poliomyelitis, with asymmetrical weakness of various muscles, loss of superficial and deep reflexes, paresthesia, hypersensitivity to touch, urine retention, constipation, and abdominal distention. The extent of paralysis depends on the level of the spinal cord lesions, which may be cervical, thoracic, or lumbar.
Resistance to neck flexion is characteristic in nonparalytic and paralytic poliomyelitis. The patient will “tripod” — extend his arms behind him for support — when he sits up. He’ll display Hoyne’s sign — his head will fall back when he’s supine and his shoulders are elevated. From a supine position, he won’t be able to raise his legs a full 90 degrees. Paralytic poliomyelitis also causes positive Kernig's and Brudzinski’s signs.
When the disease affects the medulla of the brain, it's called bulbar paralytic poliomyelitis, which is the most perilous type. This form affects the respiratory muscle nerves, leading to respiratory paralysis, and weakens the muscles supplied by the cranial nerves (particularly IX and X), producing symptoms of encephalitis. Other signs and symptoms include facial weakness, diplopia, dysphasia, difficulty in chewing, inability to swallow or expel saliva, regurgitation of food through the nasal passages, and dyspnea as well as abnormal respiratory rate, depth, and rhythm, which may lead to respiratory arrest. Fatal pulmonary edema and shock are possible.
Complications may result from the prolonged immobility and respiratory muscle failure. These include hypertension, urinary tract infection, urolithiasis, atelectasis, pneumonia, myocarditis, cor pulmonale, skeletal and soft-tissue deformities, and paralytic ileus.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Vocal cord paralysis:
Signs and symptoms
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Unilateral paralysis, the most common form, may cause vocal weakness and hoarseness. Bilateral paralysis typically produces vocal weakness and incapacitating airway obstruction if the cords become paralyzed in the adducted position.
PEDIATRIC TIP Children may present with hoarseness, aspiration, and stridor. If the paralysis is unilateral, it typically involves the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. In unilateral paralysis, airway intervention involving intubation and tracheostomy is rarely indicated; it’s usually required if the paralysis is bilateral.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Vocal cord paralysis:
Signs and symptoms
(Handbook of Diseases)
Unilateral paralysis, the most common form, may cause vocal weakness and hoarseness. Bilateral paralysis typically produces vocal weakness and incapacitating airway obstruction if the cords become paralyzed in the adducted position.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Polio as a Cause of Symptoms or Medical Conditions
When considering symptoms of Polio, it is also important to consider Polio as a possible cause of other medical conditions.
The Disease Database lists the following medical conditions that Polio may cause:
- (Source - Diseases Database)
Medical articles and books on symptoms:
These general reference articles may be of interest
in relation to medical signs and symptoms of disease in general:
Full list of premium articles on symptoms and diagnosis
About signs and symptoms of Polio:
The symptom information on this page
attempts to provide a list of some possible signs and symptoms of Polio.
This signs and symptoms information for Polio has been gathered from various sources,
may not be fully accurate,
and may not be the full list of Polio signs or Polio symptoms.
Furthermore, signs and symptoms of Polio may vary on an individual basis for each patient.
Only your doctor can provide adequate diagnosis of any signs or symptoms and whether they
are indeed Polio symptoms.
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Diagnostic Tests for Polio
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