All statistics for Prostate conditions
Prevalence/Incidence of Prostate conditions: Online Medical Books
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for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Prostate conditions.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Evidence suggests a link between BPH and hormonal activity. As males age, production of androgenic hormones decreases, causing an imbalance in androgen and estrogen levels, and high levels of dihydrotestosterone, the main prostatic intracellular androgen. Other causes include neoplasm, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, inflammation, and metabolic or nutritional disturbances.
Whatever the cause, BPH begins with changes in periurethral glandular tissue. As the prostate enlarges, it may extend into the bladder and obstruct urinary outflow by compressing or distorting the prostatic urethra. BPH may also cause a pouch to form in the bladder that retains urine when the rest of the bladder empties. This retained urine may lead to calculus formation or cystitis.
The likelihood of developing an enlarged prostate increases with age. A small amount of prostate enlargement is present in many males older than age 40 and more than 90% of males older than age 80. It’s estimated that by 2006, 115 million men age 50 and older will develop BPH. Blacks, with an incidence rate of 224.3 cases per 100,000 people, are at the greatest risk, present with more advanced disease, and have a poorer diagnosis. Whites, by comparison, have an incidence of 150.3 cases per 100,000 people while Asians have an incidence of 82.2 cases per 100,000 people.
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Prostatic cancer:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Four factors have been suspected in the development of prostatic cancer: family or racial predisposition, exposure to environmental elements, co-existing sexually transmitted diseases, and endogenous hormonal influence. Eating fat-containing animal products has also been implicated. Although androgens regulate prostate growth and function and may also speed tumor growth, no definite link between increased androgen levels and prostatic cancer has been found. When primary prostatic lesions metastasize, they typically invade the prostatic capsule and spread along the ejaculatory ducts in the space between the seminal vesicles or perivesicular fascia.
Incidence is highest in Blacks and lowest in Asians. In fact, Black Americans have the highest prostate cancer incidence in the world and are considered at high risk for the disease. Incidence also increases with age more rapidly than any other cancer.
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Prostatitis:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
About 80% of bacterial prostatitis cases result from infection by Escherichia coli; the rest are due to infection by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, or Staphylococcus. These organisms probably spread to the prostate by the bloodstream or from ascending urethral infection, invasion of rectal bacteria via lymphatics, reflux of infected bladder urine into the prostate ducts or, less commonly, infrequent or excessive sexual intercourse or such procedures as cystoscopy or catheterization. Chronic prostatitis usually results from bacterial invasion from the urethra.
It’s estimated that 2 of every 10,000 people who seek outpatient care do so because of prostatitis. As many as 35% of males older than age 50 have chronic prostatitis; about 50% of males will be diagnosed with prostatitis at some point in their lives.
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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Prostate conditions usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Prostate conditions at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Prostate conditions refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Prostate conditions diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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