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Microorganisms that commonly cause puerperal infection include group B streptococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli. Most of these organisms are considered normal vaginal flora but are known to cause puerperal infection in the presence of certain predisposing factors:
❑ prolonged and premature rupture of the membranes
❑ prolonged (more than 24 hours) labor
❑ frequent or unsanitary vaginal examinations or unsanitary delivery
❑ retained products of conception
❑ hemorrhage
❑ maternal conditions, such as anemia or debilitation from malnutrition
❑ cesarean birth (20-fold increase in risk for puerperal infection).
In the United States, puerperal infection develops in about 6% of maternity patients.
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
The term 'prevalence' of Puerperal disorders usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Puerperal disorders at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Puerperal disorders refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Puerperal disorders diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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