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Are they intermittent or persistent? If the hyperactive reflexes are intermittent, one should consider multiple sclerosis and cerebral vascular insufficiency.
Are they focal? If the hyperactive reflexes are focal, and especially if they are ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Are the findings intermittent? If the pathologic reflexes come and go, transient ischemic attacks, multiple sclerosis, migraine, epilepsy, and hypoglycemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Are they unilateral or ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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... As with most neurologic signs, the differential diagnosis of ankle clonus, hyperactive and pathologic reflexes can be developed by using anatomy. The most commonly used pathologic reflexes are the Babinski and Hoffman signs. The reader is referred to physical... Cerebrum ... Brainstem ... Spinal Cord
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... A hyperactive deep tendon reflex (DTR) is an abnormally brisk muscle contraction that occurs in response to a sudden stretch induced by sharply tapping the muscle's tendon of insertion. This elicited sign may be graded as brisk or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Babinski's reflex — dorsiflexion of the great toe with extension and fanning of the other toes — is an abnormal reflex elicited by firmly stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot with a moderately sharp object. (See How to elicit... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), also known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS1) or causalgia (CRPS2), is a chronic pain disorder that results from abnormal healing after an injury — either minor or major — to... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Characteristic psychological consequences that persist for at least 1 month after a traumatic event outside the range of usual human experience are classified as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This disorder can follow almost any distressing... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... A hyperactive deep tendon reflex (DTR) is an abnormally brisk muscle contraction that occurs in response to a sudden stretch induced by sharply tapping the muscle’s tendon of insertion. This elicited sign may be graded as brisk or pathologically... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Babinski’s reflex—dorsiflexion of the great toe with extension and fanning of the other toes—is an abnormal reflex elicited by firmly stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot with a blunt object. (See How to elicit Babinski’s reflex.) In some... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), also known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (CRPS1) or causalgia (CRPS2), is a chronic pain disorder that results from abnormal healing after an injury — either minor or major — to a bone, muscle, or nerve. The... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnostic tests ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Posttraumatic stress disorder refers to a persistent psychological disturbance that occurs following a traumatic event. This disorder can follow almost any distressing event, including a natural or manmade disaster, physical or sexual abuse, or an assault or a... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) are abnormally brisk muscle contractions that occur in response to a sudden stretch induced by sharply tapping the muscle’s tendon of insertion. This elicited sign may be graded as brisk or pathologically hyperactive.... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Babinski’s reflex — dorsiflexion of the great toe with extension and fanning of the other toes — is an abnormal reflex elicited by firmly stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot with a blunt object. (See How to elicit Babinski... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... A hyperactive deep tendon reflex (DTR) is an abnormally brisk muscle contraction that occurs in response to a sudden stretch induced by sharply tapping the muscle's tendon of insertion. This elicited sign may be graded as brisk or pathologically hyperactive... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Babinski's reflex—dorsiflexion of the great toe with extension and fanning of the other toes—is an abnormal reflex elicited by firmly stroking the lateral aspect of the sole with a moderately sharp object. (See Eliciting Babinski's reflex.)
In some... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
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As with most neurologic signs, the differential diagnosis of ankle
clonus and hyperactive and pathologic reflexes can be developed by using
anatomy. The most commonly used pathologic reflexes are the Babinski and
Hoffman signs. The reader is referred to... Cerebrum ... Brainstem ... Spinal Cord ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
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