Glossary for Reflux

• Acid regurgitation: The regurgitation of stomach contents
• Alcohol - Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to Alcohol during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Angina: A special type of chest pain.
• Angina Pectoris: Variant of Angina Pectoris, where episodic chest pain occurs without exertion or provocation, due to a transient spasm of a coronary artery; more common in women
• Asthma: Repeated attacks of breathing difficulty.
• Barrett Esophagus: Pre-malignant syndrome of the lower oesophagus characteries by columnar epithelium with areas of metaplasia.
• Barrett's esophagus: Damage to the cells lining the esophagus usually from refluxed acid.
• Barrett's oesophagus: Barrett's esophagus is a disorder in which the lining of the esophagus is damaged. The damage is caused by stomach acid that leaks back into the esophagus. This leakage of acid is commonly known as "heartburn" (gastroesophageal reflux).
• Chest pain: Pain in the chest area.
• Cholelithiasis: Is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
• Chronic cough: The chronic noisy sudden expulsion of air from the respiratory tract
• Crying infant: Crying in an infant
• Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus
• Esophagus Cancer: Cancer of the esophagus in the throat.
• Esophagus diseases: Diseases affecting the esophagus
• Failure To Thrive: Slow growth or inadequate weight gain of an infant or child.
• Gastric Ulcer: A gastric ulcer is a break in the normal tissue that lines the stomach.
• Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Repeated reflux of stomach acid into the throat.
• Gluten allergy: Gluten allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to gluten or foods containing gluten. The specific symptoms that can result can vary considerably amongst patients from a severe anaphylactic reaction to asthma, abdominal symptoms, eczema or headaches. Gluten allergy is similar to celiac disease - celiac disease only occurs in people with a genetic defect which predisposes them to the condition whereas gluten can occur in anyone but is more common in people who are also prone to other allergies.
• Heartburn: Pain from stomach acid coming back up the esophagus
• Hiatal hernia: Hernia of the stomach through the diaphragm muscle.
• Hypercalcemia: Raised level of calcium in the blood
• Infant symptoms: Symptoms affecting babies and infants.
• Infantile colic: Persistent infant crying without any obvious cause
• Irritable bowel syndrome: Spasms in the colon wall
• Mallory-Weiss syndrome: A laceration of the lining of the gastroesophageal junction or just above it - often caused by severe vomiting.
• Obstructive sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by episodic upper airway obstruction that occurs during sleep.
• Oesophageal spasm: An oesophageal spasm is incoordinated contraction of the muscles in the esophagus which carries food from the mouth to the stomach. The muscles contract simultaneously instead of a rhythmic successive motion.
• Pulmonary fibrosis: A scarring condition that affects the lungs
• Reflux: Rising stomach acid up the esophagus
• Scleroderma, systemic: A rare autoimmune connective tissue disease where the body attacks parts of the body and causes scarring and thickness of the tissue. In the systemic form, the skin and organs are involved.
• Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome: A rare genetic condition involving a severe defect in the process of cholesterol synthesis resulting in low cholesterol levels in cells but high levels of the chemicals that are made into cholesterol.
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: A rare disorder where excessive levels of the hormone gastrin are released into the stomach which increases stomach acidity which results in peptic ulcer development. A hormone secreting pancreatic or duodenal tumor is usually the cause.

 » Next page: Dyspepsia (Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))

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