...
Is there redness of the eye? Redness of the eye suggests definite eye pathology. Without redness, one should suspect disease in the adjacent structures or retrobulbar neuritis.
If there is redness, is there periorbital edema as ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
A red eye is a diagnostic sign of ocular inflammation, which may be caused by a multitude of conditions. Most cases are benign and can be effectively managed by the primary care physician. Misdiagnosis of the more emergent conditions can have major vision-threatening... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Red eye is a “basket” term that encompasses a wide range of ophthalmic conditions. Most conditions are self-limited; however, red eye can be a sign of serious eye disease. Presence of pain helps to distinguish between the more serious eye conditions and... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
The most common cause of eye discharge in pediatric patients is viral conjunctivitis. Many clinicians treat viral conjunctivitis as bacterial conjunctivitis because the similarities in history and physical examination make a definitive diagnosis... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Applying the mnemonic MINT to the various anatomic parts of the eye will aid in systematically developing a list of diagnostic possibilities for eye pain.
M—Malformations most certainly suggest glaucoma and all the refractive disorders (e.g., astigmatism,
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Most textbooks consider the causes of red eye as conjunctivitis, iritis, or glaucoma, but it may be the result of taking the night plane from Los Angeles to New York. If these are all the causes you can remember you will be sadly mistaken in some cases. Most of the
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Raccoon eyes are bilateral periorbital ecchymoses that don’t result from facial soft-tissue trauma. Usually an indicator of basilar skull fracture, this sign develops when damage at the time of fracture tears the meninges and causes the... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...Negative oculocephalic reflex
An indicator of brain stem dysfunction, the absence of the doll's eye sign is detected by rapid, gentle turning of the patient's head from side to side. The eyes remain fixed in midposition, instead of the normal... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Eye pain may be described as a burning, throbbing, aching, or stabbing sensation in or around the eye. It may also be characterized as a foreign-body sensation. This sign varies from mild to severe; its duration and exact location provide clues to the... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Setting-sun sign refers to the downward deviation of an infant’s or a young child’s eyes as a result of pressure on cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. With this late and ominous sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), both eyes are rotated downward, typically revealing an area... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Primarily a disease of older adults, cancer is second only to cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of death in the United States (more than 560,000 deaths annually). More than 67% of patients who die of cancer are older than age 65. The most common cancers... What causes cancer? ... Immune response ... Diagnostic methods ... Staging and grading ... Five major therapies ... Maintaining nutrition and fluid balance ... If the patient can't eat ... Total parenteral nutrition ... Pain control critical ... The hospice approach ... Psychological aspects ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Malignant spinal neoplasms may be any one of many tumor types similar to intracranial tumors; they involve the cord or its roots and, if untreated, can eventually cause paralysis. As primary tumors, they originate in the meningeal coverings, the parenchyma of the cord or its roots, the... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Vision, the most complex sense, has recently been the focus of some of the greatest medical and surgical innovations. Disorders that affect the eye generally lead to vision loss or impairment; routine ophthalmic examinations and early treatment can help prevent it. ... Review of anatomy ... Ocular layers ... The lens and accommodation ... Lacrimal apparatus and eyelids ... Depth perception ... Vision testing ... Subjective testing ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An indicator of brain stem dysfunction, the absence of the doll’s eye sign is detected by rapid, gentle turning of the patient’s head from side to side. The eyes remain fixed in midposition, instead of the normal response of moving laterally toward side... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Eye pain may be described as a burning, throbbing, aching, or stabbing sensation in or around the eye. It may also be characterized as a foreign-body sensation. This sign varies from mild to severe; its duration and exact location provide clues to the causative disorder. ... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Raccoon eyes are bilateral periorbital ecchymoses that don’t result from facial soft-tissue trauma. Usually an indicator of basilar skull fracture, this sign develops when damage at the time of fracture tears the meninges and causes the venous sinuses to bleed into the arachnoid... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Usually associated with conjunctivitis, an eye discharge is the excretion of any substance other than tears. This common sign may occur in one or both eyes, producing scant to copious discharge. The discharge may be purulent, frothy, mucoid, cheesy, serous, clear, or white... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Setting-sun sign refers to the downward deviation of an infant’s or young child’s eyes as a result of pressure on cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. With this late and ominous sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), both eyes are rotated downward,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... John E. Sutherland
The most frequent causes of “red eye”—conjunctivitis, trauma, allergies, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and lid problems—are usually benign. Some conditions presenting with a red eye, however, require urgent evaluation and... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
❑ Hypertension
❑ Diabetic retinopathy
❑ Glaucoma
❑ Cholesterol emboli
❑ ... Clinical Findings
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
❑ Conjunctivitis
❑ Corneal abrasion
❑ Foreign body
❑ Sinusitis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Differential Overview
❑ Viral conjunctivitis
❑ Allergic conjunctivitis
❑ Bacterial conjunctivitis
❑ Corneal abrasion
&... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Eye pain may be described as a burning, throbbing, itching, aching, or stabbing sensation in or around the eye. It may also be characterized as a foreign-body sensation. This sign varies from mild to severe; its duration and exact location provide clues to the... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Usually associated with conjunctivitis, an eye discharge is the excretion of any substance other than tears. This common sign may occur in one or both eyes, producing scant to copious discharge. The discharge may be purulent, frothy, mucoid, cheesy, serous, or clear,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Eye pain, or ophthalmalgia, may be described as a burning, throbbing, aching, or stabbing sensation in or around the eye. It may also be characterized as a foreign-body sensation. This sign varies from mild to severe; its duration and exact location provide... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...Most cases of a red eye are due to relativelyminor infectious or allergic causes. Some cases, however, reflectmore serious eye pathology, which must be investigated further. Principal Causes of Red Eye Conjunctivitis Chemicalsand ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
... READ EXCERPTS »
... An indicator of brain stem dysfunction, the absence of the doll's eye sign is detected by rapid, gentle turning of the patient's head from side to side. The eyes remain fixed in midposition, instead of the normal response of moving laterally toward the... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Eye pain may be described as a burning, throbbing, aching, or stabbing sensation in or around the eye. It may also be characterized as a foreign-body sensation. This sign varies from mild to severe; its duration and exact location provide clues to the causative... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Raccoon eyes are bilateral periorbital ecchymoses that don't result from facial soft-tissue trauma. Usually an indicator of basilar skull fracture, this sign develops when damage at the time of a fracture tears the meninges and causes the venous sinuses to... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Usually associated with conjunctivitis, eye discharge is the excretion of a substance other than tears. This common sign may occur in one or both eyes, producing scant to copious discharge. The discharge may be purulent, frothy, mucoid, cheesy,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Setting-sun sign refers to the downward deviation of an infant's or a young child's eyes as a result of pressure on cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. With this late and ominous sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), both eyes are rotated downward, typically revealing... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Applying the mnemonic MINT to the various anatomic parts of the
eye will aid in systematically developing a list of diagnostic possibilities
for eye pain.
M—Malformations most certainly suggest glaucoma and all the ... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
Most textbooks consider the causes of red eye to be conjunctivitis,
iritis, or glaucoma, but it may be the result of taking the night plane from
Los Angeles to New York. If these are all the causes you can remember, you
will be sadly mistaken in some... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Edward F. Attiyeh, MD Neuroblastoma - BASICS Neuroblastoma - description Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and the most common malignancy of infancy. ... Neuroblastoma - DIAGNOSIS ... Neuroblastoma - TREATMENT ... Neuroblastoma - FOLLOW UP ... Neuroblastoma - bibliography ... Neuroblastoma - CODES ... Neuroblastoma - FAQ
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Kelly C. Goldsmith, MD Retinoblastoma - BASICS Retinoblastoma - description The most common primary intraocular tumor of childhood Malignant tumor of the embryonic neural retina Retinoblastoma - ... Retinoblastoma - DIAGNOSIS ... Retinoblastoma - TREATMENT ... Retinoblastoma - FOLLOW UP ... Retinoblastoma - bibliography ... Retinoblastoma - CODES ... Retinoblastoma - PATIENT TEACHING-MED ... Retinoblastoma - FAQ
... READ EXCERPTS »
For many people, the purpose of tanning is obvious: bronze is beautiful. But although a deep tan may get you compliments this summer, too much...
"I never use an exfoliant in the morning", "I always use a heavy moisturizer before going to bed". We each have our own long-held beliefs about our...
The number of people seeking LASIK and PRK, the two most common laser eye surgeries, has increased dramatically. In the year 2000, an estimated 1.5...
If you have poor vision you should know about laser eye surgery as a treatment option. There are two common techniques: LASIK and PRK. How do these...