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Is there vertigo, tinnitus, or deafness? Any one of these three signs and symptoms should suggest Ménière's disease or other labyrinthine disease as well as eighth nerve pathology.
Are there ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there a history of drug or alcohol ingestion? Chronic barbiturate intoxication, ergotism, and other psychotropic or antidepressant drugs may cause dementia. Alcoholism may cause dementia in the form of Korsakoff's psychosis or Wernicke's ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Disorders of gait may arise from problems virtually anywhere in the nervous or musculoskeletal systems. Observation of gait is an important element of the neurologic examination. Gait abnormalities are described as slapping, stepping, or mixed. A slapping gait presents with a... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Dementia is a syndrome of premature neuronal death in focal brain regions. More than 50 illnesses may cause dementia. It affects 1% of the population by age 60, and this prevalence doubles every 5 years to reach 30–50% by age 85. Common findings include... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Ataxia is due to dysfunction of the cerebellum or its connections. It can present as an acute or chronic/progressive illness. Associated signs and symptoms such as papilledema, myoclonus, and retinopathy help determine the underlying etiology.
... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Memory loss is a real symptom and sign, but organic brain syndrome should be dropped from usage because it is a wastebasket term. Unless the memory loss is functional (“supratentorial"), the cerebrum is the principal anatomic site of diseases that produce memory loss. Applying the
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the cerebellum and its pathways to and from the cerebral cortex, brain stem, and spinal... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Symmetric and Progressive Cerebellar Signs
Acute (hours to days)
Toxic
Alcohol
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... Degenerative diseases
Alzheimer's disease
Cerebral arteriosclerosis, multiple cerebrovascular accidents
Pick's disease (frontal
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... A severe, pervasive developmental disorder, autistic disorder is marked by unresponsiveness to social contact, gross deficits in intelligence and language development, ritualistic and compulsive behaviors, restricted capacity for developmentally appropriate activities and interests,... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the cerebellum and its pathways to and from the cerebral cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord. It causes gait,... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Robert B. Sammel
Ataxia is the inability to coordinate voluntary movements.
Approach Ataxia usually refers to an inability of the cerebellum to coordinate movement, but dysfunction in other regions can also produce... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment.
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... Anne Cather Cutlip
Dementia is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline leading to social or occupational disability occurring in a state of clear consciousness. It has an age-dependent epidemiology, occurring in 8... Approach. ... History. ... Physical examination. ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment.
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... Differential Overview
Chronic
❑ Vitamin B12 deficiency
❑ Parkinsonism
❑ Myopathy
❑ Cervical... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Alzheimer disease
❑ Multi-infarct dementia
❑ Depression
❑ Drugs
❑ ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... A severe, pervasive developmental disorder, autistic disorder is marked by unresponsiveness to social contact, gross deficits in intelligence and language development, ritualistic and compulsive behaviors, restricted capacity for developmentally appropriate... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Ataxia is defined as an incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Ataxia can be classified as cerebellar or sensory. Cerebellar ataxia is caused by disease of the cerebellum and its pathways between the cerebral cortex, the brain stem, and the spinal cord. Gait... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the cerebellum and its pathways to and from the cerebral cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord. It causes... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Definedas impaired control of posture or movement of trunk and limbs. Results from dysfunction of cerebellumor structures relaying information to or from cerebellum, includingperipheral nerves or spinal cord tracts (sensory ataxia), labyrinthsor vestibular pathways ... Principal Causes of Ataxia ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellar ataxia results from disease of the cerebellum and its pathways to and from the cerebral cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord. It causes gait, trunk, limb,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Memory loss is a real symptom and sign, but organic brain syndrome
should be dropped from usage because it is a wastebasket term. Unless the
memory loss is functional (“supratentorial”), the cerebrum is the
principal... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
... Susan L. Perlman, MD
Ataxia - BASICS
Ataxia - description
Incoordination or clumsiness of movement
Caused by cerebellar, vestibular (inner ear), or proprioceptive sensory (e.g., large fiber/peripheral nerve, ... Ataxia - DIAGNOSIS ... Ataxia - TREATMENT ... Ataxia - FOLLOW UP ... Ataxia - bibliography ... Ataxia - CODES ... Ataxia - FAQ
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The father of television personality Linda Dano experienced years of mental deterioration before he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Hear...
People with early-stage Alzheimer's disease know that they will have trouble remembering things. But there are a variety of techniques that can...
Allen Willner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease early in the disease process. With medication and the care of his wife, he's slowing the...
People with early Alzheimer's disease know that the condition gets progressively worse over time. Learn how some medications help to stabilize...