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Diseases » Short Bowel Syndrome » Causes

Causes of Short Bowel Syndrome

Contents

Short Bowel Syndrome Causes: Book Excerpts

Short Bowel Syndrome as a complication of other conditions:

Other conditions that might have Short Bowel Syndrome as a complication may, potentially, be an underlying cause of Short Bowel Syndrome. Our database lists the following as having Short Bowel Syndrome as a complication of that condition:

Necrotizing enterocolitis

Related information on causes of Short Bowel Syndrome:

As with all medical conditions, there may be many causal factors. Further relevant information on causes of Short Bowel Syndrome may be found in:

Hidden causes of Short Bowel Syndrome

Causes of Short Bowel Syndrome: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the causes of Short Bowel Syndrome.

Short Stature: Differential Diagnosis
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)

Familial short stature
Constitutional delay of growth and puberty
Hypothyroidism
Growth hormone deficiency (GHD)
GH resistance (Laron syndrome)
Congenital hypopituitarism
–Secondary to brain tumors

Acquired hypopituitarism
–After irradiation, surgery, and chemotherapy for neoplasms
–Infectious
–Infiltrative
–Vascular

Cushing syndrome
Precocious puberty
–Tall initially
–Final height compromised
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Rickets
Genetic syndromes
–Turner syndrome
–Down syndrome
–Noonan syndrome
–Prader-Willi syndrome
Intrauterine growth retardation
–Silver-Russell syndrome
Disorders of bone development
–Achondroplasia/hypochondroplasia
–Chondrodystrophies
Psychosocial deprivation
Malnutrition
Chronic drug intake
–Glucocorticoids
–Methylphenidate
Infectious
–HIV
–Tuberculosis
Congenital heart disease
Gastrointestinal
–Celiac disease
–Inflammatory bowel disease
–Chronic liver disease
Pulmonary
–Cystic fibrosis
Chronic renal disease
–RTA
–Renal failure
Skeletal disorders

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007

Short Bowel Syndrome: Short Bowel Syndrome - pathophysiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)

Markedly decreased mucosal surface area due to resection
Loss of trophic hormones
Loss of peptide hormones that regulate motility
Abnormal transit
Malabsorption of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, electrolytes, and trace elements, depending on site of resected intestine (see “Follow-Up”). The patient can lose as much as half of the intestine if the duodenum, distal ileum, and ileocecal valve (ICV) are present. If the ICV is gone, patients may not be able to tolerate even a 25% loss of intestine without the help of total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
Normal bowel length: 150–200 cm (26 weeks’ gestation); 200–300 cm (at birth in full-term infant); 600–800 cm (adult)
Infants have no intestinal reserve and do not tolerate small-bowel resection as well as do adults. However, long-term prognosis may be better because of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the intestine.
Gastric acid hypersecretion occurs soon after intestinal resection, but is transient.
Bowel adaptation can occur over time. Increased surface area due to bowel dilatation, villus hypertrophy, and bowel lengthening can occur. Stimulation of luminal contents is needed for bowel growth and factors such as glutamine, short-chain fatty acids, tropic hormones, and growth factors may be important for bowel growth.

Short Bowel Syndrome - etiology

Infants: Intestinal resection for necrotizing enterocolitis
Congenital anomalies include intestinal atresias, gastroschisis, omphalocele, apple peel syndrome, and meconium ileus.
Malrotation may result in volvulus with bowel resection secondary to ischemic injury.
Older children: Neoplasms and radiation enteritis
Intestinal resection secondary to Crohn disease, trauma, pseudo-obstruction syndrome

» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »

Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008