Prevalence and Incidence of Sinusitis

Prevalence/Incidence of Sinusitis: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Sinusitis.

Sinusitis: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Sinusitis usually results from viral or bacterial infection. The bacteria responsible for acute sinusitis are usually pneumococci, other streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Staphylococci and gram-negative bacteria are more likely to cause sinusitis in chronic cases or in intensive care patients.

Predisposing factors include any condition that interferes with drainage and ventilation of the sinuses, such as chronic nasal edema, deviated septum, viscous mucus, nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, nasal intubation, or debilitation due to chemotherapy, malnutrition, diabetes, blood dyscrasias, cystic fibrosis, human immunodeficiency virus or other immunodeficiency disorders, or chronic use of steroids. Bacterial invasion commonly occurs as a result of the conditions listed above or after a viral infection. It may also result from swimming in contaminated water.

Other risk factors for developing sinusitis include a history of asthma, overuse of nasal decongestants, presence of a foreign body in the nose, frequent swimming or diving, dental work, pregnancy, changes in altitude (flying or climbing), air pollution and smoke, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and having a deviated nasal septum, nasal bone spur, or polyp.

Each year, more than 30 million adults and children get sinusitis.

PEDIATRIC TIP The incidence of both acute and chronic sinusitis increases in later childhood. Sinusitis may be more prevalent in children who have had tonsils and adenoids removed.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Whooping cough: Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

Whooping cough is usually transmitted by the direct inhalation of contaminated droplets from a patient in the acute stage; it may also be spread indirectly through soiled linen and other articles contaminated by respiratory secretions.

Whooping cough is endemic throughout the world, usually occurring in late winter and early spring. In about 50% of cases, it strikes unimmunized children younger than age 1, because the immunization series hasn’t been completed and the child has had contact with an adult harboring the organisms.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

About prevalence and incidence statistics:

The term 'prevalence' of Sinusitis usually refers to the estimated population of people who are managing Sinusitis at any given time. The term 'incidence' of Sinusitis refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Sinusitis diagnosed each year. Hence, these two statistics types can differ: a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence, but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence. For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.

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