Diagnosis of Staphylococcal infection
Staphylococcal infection Diagnosis: Book Excerpts
Tests and diagnosis discussion for Staphylococcal infection:
FDA Bad Bug Book (Excerpt)
Diagnosis of Human Illness: In the diagnosis of staphylococcal foodborne illness, proper interviews with the victims and gathering and analyzing epidemiologic data are essential. Incriminated foods should be collected and examined for staphylococci. The presence of relatively large numbers of enterotoxigenic staphylococci is good circumstantial evidence that the food contains toxin. The most conclusive test is the linking of an illness with a specific food or in cases where multiple vehicles exist, the detection of the toxin in the food sample(s). In cases where the food may have been treated to kill the staphylococci, as in pasteurization or heating, direct microscopic observation of the food may be an aid in the diagnosis. A number of serological methods for determining the enterotoxigenicity of S. aureus isolated from foods as well as methods for the separation and detection of toxins in foods have been developed and used successfully to aid in the diagnosis of the illness. Phage typing may also be useful when viable staphylococci can be isolated from the incriminated food, from victims, and from suspected carrier such as food handlers.
(Source: FDA Bad Bug Book)
FDA Bad Bug Book (Excerpt)
Analysis of Foods: For detecting trace amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxin in foods incriminated in food poisoning, the toxin must be separated from food constituents and concentrated before identification by specific precipitation with antiserum (antienterotoxin) as follows. Two principles are used for the purpose: (1) the selective adsorption of the enterotoxin from an extract of the food onto ion exchange resins and (2) the use of physical and chemical procedures for the selective removal of food constituents from the extract, leaving the enterotoxin(s) in solution. The use of these techniques and concentration of the resulting products (as much as possible) has made it possible to detect small amounts of enterotoxin in food.
(Source: FDA Bad Bug Book)
Diagnosis of Staphylococcal infection: medical news summaries:
The following medical news items
are relevant to diagnosis and misdiagnosis issues for Staphylococcal infection:
Diagnostic Tests for Staphylococcal infection: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about diagnostis of Staphylococcal infection.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection:
Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
MRSA can be cultured from the suspected site with the appropriate method. For example, a wound can be swabbed for culture. Cultures of blood, urine, and sputum specimens will reveal sources of MRSA. Many laboratories use oxacillin disks to check for staphylococcus sensitivity when testing culture specimens; resistance to oxacillin indicates MRSA.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome:
Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Diagnosis requires careful observation of the three-stage progression of this disease. Results of exfoliative cytology and biopsy aid in differential diagnosis, ruling out erythema multiforme and drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis, both of which are similar to SSSS.
CONFIRMING DIAGNOSIS Isolation of group 2 S. aureus on cultures of skin lesions confirms the diagnosis. However, skin lesions sometimes appear sterile.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Vancomycin intermediately resistant Staphylococcus aureus:
Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)
Someone with no signs or symptoms of infection is considered colonized if VISA or VRSA can be isolated from stool or a rectal swab. A patient who is colonized is more than 10 times as likely to become infected with the organism (such as through a breach in the immune system) than a patient who isn’t.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome:
Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)
Careful observation of the three-stage progression of this disease allows diagnosis. Results of exfoliative cytology and a biopsy aid in the differential diagnosis, ruling out erythema multiforme and drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis, both of which are similar to SSSS.
CLINICAL TIP: A blood culture is necessary to rule out sepsis.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003
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