Prevalence and Incidence of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Rare Disease
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of
Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health
(NIH). This means that Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, or a subtype of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome,
affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
Ophanet, who are a consortium of European partners,
currently defines a condition rare when if affects 1 person per 2,000.
They list Stevens-Johnson Syndrome as a "rare disease".
More information about Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is available from Orphanet
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Prevalence: Book Excerpts
Prevalence/Incidence of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Online Medical Books
16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE!
Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration,
for more information about the prevalence and/or incidence of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
Genital herpes:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Genital herpes is usually caused by infection with herpes simplex virus Type 2, but some studies report increasing incidence of infection with herpes simplex virus Type 1. This disease is typically transmitted through sexual intercourse, orogenital sexual activity, kissing, and hand-to-body contact. Pregnant women may transmit the infection to neonates during vaginal delivery if an active infection is present. Such transmitted infection may be localized (for instance, in the eyes) or disseminated and may be associated with central nervous system involvement.
An estimated 86 million people worldwide are thought to have genital herpes.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Herpes simplex:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
About 85% of all HVH infections are subclinical; the others produce localized lesions and systemic reactions. After the first infection, a patient is a carrier susceptible to recurrent infections, which may be provoked by fever, menses, stress, heat, and cold. However, the patient usually has no constitutional signs and symptoms in recurrent infections.
Primary HVH is the leading cause of childhood gingivostomatitis in children ages 1 to 3. It causes the most common form of nonepidemic encephalitis and is the second most common viral infection in pregnant women. It can pass to the fetus transplacentally and, in early pregnancy, may cause spontaneous abortion or premature birth.
Herpes infection is equally common in males and females. Worldwide in distribution, it's most prevalent among children in lower socioeconomic groups who live in crowded environments. Saliva, stool, skin lesions, purulent eye exudate, and urine are potential sources of infection.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Stomatitis and other oral infections:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
Acute herpetic stomatitis results from the herpes simplex virus. It’s common in children ages 1 to 3. The cause of aphthous stomatitis is unknown, but predisposing factors include stress, fatigue, anxiety, febrile states, trauma, and solar overexposure. This type is common in girls and female adolescents.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Toxic epidermal necrolysis:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
In 80% of cases, TEN is determined to result from a drug reaction — most commonly to sulfonamides, penicillins, barbiturates, hydantoins, procainamide, isoniazid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or allopurinol. Numerous other drugs have also been implicated, although 5% of patients with TEN report no drug use. It may also result from chemical exposure, viral infection, mycoplasma pneumonia, or immunization.
TEN may reflect an immune response, or it may be related to overwhelming physiologic stress (coexisting sepsis, neoplastic diseases, and drug treatment).
The annual worldwide incidence of TENS is 1 to 3 cases for every 1 million people.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome:
Causes and incidence
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))
The causative organism in SSSS is group 2 Staphylococcus aureus, primarily phage type 71, which produces exotoxins that cause detachment of the epidermis. Predisposing factors may include impaired immunity and renal insufficiency — present to some extent in the normal neonate because of immature development of these systems.
SSSS is most prevalent in infants age 1 to 3 months but may develop in children. It’s uncommon in adults.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005
Erythema Multiforme:
Erythema Multiforme - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
- Believed by some to occur more frequently in spring and summer, with the more severe form of EM major occurring in winter
- Occurs predominantly in young adults
Erythema Multiforme - incidence
Male = Female (some studies suggest a slightly higher incidence of EM minor in women)
Erythema Multiforme - prevalence
Seen in ~1% of all dermatology patients
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
Stevens Johnson Syndrome:
Stevens Johnson Syndrome - epidemiology
(The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult)
Affects all ages, ethnicities, and both genders equally
Stevens Johnson Syndrome - incidence
Incidence is 2–3 cases per million people each year.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 2008
About prevalence and incidence statistics:
The term 'prevalence' of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome usually refers to the estimated population
of people who are managing Stevens-Johnson Syndrome at any given time.
The term 'incidence' of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome refers to the annual diagnosis rate,
or the number of new cases of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome diagnosed each year.
Hence, these two statistics types can differ:
a short-lived disease like flu can have high annual incidence but low prevalence,
but a life-long disease like diabetes has a low annual incidence but high prevalence.
For more information see about prevalence and incidence statistics.
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