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Diseases » Surgical errors/complications » Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Surgical errors/complications

Surgical errors/complications Diagnosis: Book Excerpts

Diagnostic Tests for Surgical errors/complications: Online Medical Books

16 MEDICAL BOOKS ONLINE! Review excerpts from medical books online, free, without registration, for more information about diagnostis of Surgical errors/complications.

Diabetic complications during pregnancy: Diagnosis
(Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition))

The prevalence of gestational diabetes makes careful screening for hyperglycemia appropriate in all pregnancies. A screening 50-gram 1-hour glucose tolerance test is normally performed at 24 to 28 weeks. In addition, women with a history of fetal macrosomia or who may have nongestational diabetes should be formally tested for diabetes with a 3-hour glucose tolerance test.

Confirming diagnosis A 100-gram 3-hour glucose tolerance test confirms diabetes mellitus when two or more values are above normal.

Procedures to assess fetal status include stress and nonstress tests; ultrasonography to determine fetal age and growth; measurement of phosphatidyl-glycerol; and determination of the lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio from amniotic fluid to predict pulmonary maturity. The L/S ratio is less useful in diabetic pregnancies and generally requires a ratio of 3.5:1 to confirm fetal lung maturity.

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Source: Professional Guide to Diseases (Eighth Edition), 2005

Diabetic complications during pregnancy: Diagnosis
(Handbook of Diseases)

The prevalence of gestational diabetes makes careful screening for hyperglycemia appropriate in all pregnancies in each trimester. Abnormal fasting or postprandial blood glucose levels and clinical signs and history suggest diabetes in patients not previously diabetic. A 3-hour glucose tolerance test confirms diabetes mellitus when two or more values are above normal.

Diagnosis of fetal status

Procedures to assess fetal status include stress and nonstress tests, ultrasonography to determine fetal age and growth, measurement of urinary or serum estriols and of phosphatidylglycerol and determination of the lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio from amniotic fluid to predict pulmonary maturity.

Clinical tip Nonstress tests must be done from 30 to 38 weeks’ gestation because the placenta tends to degenerate faster in gestational diabetes.

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Source: Handbook of Diseases, 2003