Glossary for Anxiety

Medical terms related to Anxiety or mentioned in this section include:

• $22q11.2 deletion syndrome$: A rare genetic disorder caused by the absence of a small portion of genetic material. A small section of chromosome 22 is missing at a location called q11.2. Chromosome 22 is one of 23 pairs of chromosomes that exist in humans.
• ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, inattention, concentration difficulty, and other mental symptoms. The related description Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be a more modern description of the disease.

  Misdiagnosis of ADD is a well-known controversy in the sense that cases of hyperactivity in children may be over-diagnosed. There is a tendency for parents to seek and doctors to prescribe the drug Ritalin even in cases where the diagnosis of ADD or ADHD may be incorrect. Alternative diagnoses include normal child behavior (i.e. just an active child), food intolerances, or other behavioral disorders (see misdiagnosis of ADD).

  On the other hand, ADD is under-diagnosed in adults, with a large number of adults having ADD without knowing it; see misdiagnosis of Adult ADD.

• ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, inattention, concentration difficulty, and other mental symptoms. Typically, ADHD and associated hyperactivity is known as a childhood disorder, although ADD/ADHD in adults is known to be under-diagnosed. It is distinguished from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) which has a reduced focus on hyperactivity type symptoms.
• Acarophobia: Unfounded fear of tiny parasites or the false belief that they have infested the skin.
• Accelerated hypertension: Accelerated hypertension is a condition characterized by a rapid increase in blood pressure. The condition is a medical emergency which can cause organ damage if not treated promptly.
• Achluophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the night or darkness.
• Acne: Pimples and blackheads on the skin
• Acousticophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of noise.
• Acute intermittent porphyria: A rare inherited metabolic disorder caused by a disturbed porphyrin metabolism resulting in increased production of porphyrin or its precursors. Symptoms include abdominal pain, photosensitivity and neurological disturbances such as seizures, coma, hallucinations and respiratory paralysis.
• Acute stress disorder: An acute anxiety state
• Adrenal Cortex Diseases: Diseases of the adrenal cortex. Examples includes Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome and adrenal fatigue.
• Adrenal gland hypofunction: Reduced adrenal gland activity due to damage to the adrenal gland or lack of stimulation of the gland. Pituitary hormones stimulate adrenal gland activity.
• Adrenal gland symptoms: Symptoms affecting the adrenal glands
• Adrenal hypertension: Adrenal hypertension is high blood pressure caused by adrenal gland problems. For example, an adrenal tumor can cause excessive production of aldosterone which in turn causes salt-retention and high blood pressure. Severity of symptoms varies depending on the underlying cause.
• Adult Panic-Anxiety Syndrome: A psychiatric disorder involving anxiety and panic attacks that occur for no obvious reason.
• Aelurophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cats.
• Aerophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fresh air, breezes and flying.
• Affective Disorders, Psychotic: A mental disorder involving mood disturbance and psychotic symptoms.
• Aging brain syndrome: Aging processes in the brain can cause various psychological and neurological symptoms.
• Agitation: A state of increased tension with episodes of emotional and physical irritability.
• Agoraphobia: This is an irrational fear of being in public that sometimes is associated with panic attacks
• Agyrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of crossing roads. It includes a fear of being attacked on the street or being unable to defend oneself while crossing the road.
• Aichmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of pointy objects or needles.
• Airway obstruction: airway obstruction is a blockage of the upper airway, which can be in the trachea, laryngeal (voice box), or pharyngeal (throat) areas or involve the bronch.
• Akathisia: A condition characterized by a constant urge to move resulting in the sufferer being unable to sit still. Can be caused by use of anti-psychotic drugs or anti-depressants or can occur spontaneously.
• Alcohol Withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when alcohol consumption is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Alcohol abuse: Excessive alcohol as a symptom of other conditions
• Alcohol-Induced Disorders: Disorders caused by excessive alcohol consumption. The symptoms are variable depending on the disorder involved. Some of the disorders are: alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol intoxication, alcohol withdrawal, alcohol intoxication delirium, alcohol withdrawal delirium, alcohol-induced persisting dementia, alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, alcohol-induced psychotic disorder, alcohol-induced mood disorder, alcohol-induced anxiety disorder, alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction, alcohol-induced sleep disorder, liver damage, liver cancer and esophageal cancer.
• Alcohol-induced hypertension: Alcohol-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by excessive drinking of alcohol.
• Alcoholic intoxication: The excessive consumption of alcohol can have toxic effects on the body and can ultimately result in death in severe cases.
• Alektorophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of chickens.
• Algophobia: An anxiety disorder where the sufferer is fearful of experiencing pain or seeing others experiencing it.
• Alzheimer disease 10: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 10 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
• Alzheimer disease 12: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 12 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 8p12-q22.
• Alzheimer disease 13: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 14: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q25. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 15: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 3q22-q24. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 16: Alzheimer disease 16 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome Xq21.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 2, late-onset: Alzheimer disease 2 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 19q13.2. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 3, (early-onset Alzheimer disease): Alzheimer disease 3 is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 5: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 5 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 12p11.
• Alzheimer disease 6: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 6 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10q24.
• Alzheimer disease 7: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 7 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
• Alzheimer disease 8: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 8 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 20p.
• Alzheimer disease 9: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 9 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 19p13.2.
• Alzheimer disease, early-onset, with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: An early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 1: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 11: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 9p22.1. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and apraxia: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and apraxia. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and unusual plaques: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and unusual plaques in the brain. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 4: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q31-q42. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer's disease: A progressive degenerative disease of the brain of unknown cause
• Amathophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dust.
• Amaxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of riding in a vehicle or being in one.
• Ambien withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Ambien (Zolpidem) use is discontinued or reduced. Ambien is a sedative hypnotic drug. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Amphetamine abuse: Use of the stimulant drugs known as amphetamines or "speed"
• Amphetamine withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when amphetamine use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence. Amphetamines include dexamphetamine (speed), Ritalin and MDMA (ecstasy).
• Amphetamine-induced hypertension: Amphetamine-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by use of amphetamines. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking amphetamines and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of amphetamine use.
• Amychophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being scratched or clawed.
• Anaphylaxis: An immediate hypersensitivity reaction due to the exposure of a specific antigen to a sensitized individual
• Androphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of men
• Anemic - hematuria syndrome: An epidemic disease in Argentina which has a prolonged recovery time but usually there are no complications. Symptoms vary between seasons so that affected patients suffer anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration in summer but suffer reduced urination, excess blood, albumin and renal casts in the urine. Other symptoms occur irrespective of the season.
• Angina pectoris: severe chest pain due to ischemia
• Anginophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of angina, choking or narrowness of the throat.
• Anglophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of England or the English.
• Ankylophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of stiff or immobile joints.
• Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder where a distorted sense of body image leads to self-starvation to the point of death in some cases.
• Anorexia nervosa, genetic types: There is mounting evidence that anorexia nervosa may be caused by genetic factors which when combined with psychosocial factors can increase a persons risk of developing the condition.
• Anoxemia: Lack of oxygen in the blood.
• Anthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of flowers.
• Anthropophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of people and groups of people.
• Antlophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of floods.
• Anxiety attack: Sudden onset of extreme anxiety
• Anxiety disorder: A mental condition that is characterized by anxiety and avoidance behaviours
• Anxiety in children:
• Anxiety in pregnancy: Anxiety in pregnancy is a feeling of distress and apprehension usually related to the fear of a situation either real or imagined. Some physiological causes exist, and symptoms may be physical or psychological.
• Anxiety, separation: A term used when children become upset when they are separated from a parent or carer. The situation is most commonly witnessed when children are taken to day care. Other situations include when the child is left with a baby sitter or made to sleep on his/her own. It is a normal condition during childhood.
• Anxiety-tension syndrome: Anxiety associated with physical symptoms such as tense muscles and fatigue.
• Aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal 1: A rare familial disorder where the abdominal aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 1 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 19q13.
• Aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal 2: A rare familial disorder where the abdominal aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 2 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 4q31.
• Aortic aneurysm, familial abdominal 3: A rare familial disorder where the abdominal aorta has a weak, bulging portion. The condition is asymptomatic but can result in death if it bursts. Type 3 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 9p21.
• Apeirophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of infinity.
• Apiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of bees.
• Apprehension: The feeling of suspicion or fear towards the future
• Apricot seed poisoning: Apricot seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the pit remains intact and therefore poisoning usually occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual. Most parts of the apricot plant contain the toxic chemical with the highest concentration in young leaves. Different species of apricots have different levels of toxic chemical. Severe symptoms or even death can occur if children consume more than ten kernels or adults consume more than forty kernels. Theories exist that apricot kernels may help cancer sufferers but there has been no scientific studies that have proven this.
• Arachibutyrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of peanut butter sticking to the roof of the mouth.
• Arachnephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of spiders.
• Asperger syndrome: A neuropsychiatric disorder mainly involving the inability to understand and becoming involved in social interaction.
• Asthenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of weakness or fainting.
• Asthma: A condition which is characterized by recurrent attacks of paroxysmal dyspnoea
• Astraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of lightning and thunder.
• Astrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of stars and celestial space.
• Ataxiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of muscular incoordination (ataxia). This disorder is not to be confused with ataxophobia which is a fear of disorder or untidiness.
• Ataxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of disorder or untidiness. This disorder is not to be confused with ataxiophobia which is a fear of muscular incoordination (ataxia).
• Atelophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of imperfection.
• Atephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of ruin.
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Behavioral disorder with hyperactivity and/or inattention.
• Attenuated congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Aulophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of flutes.
• Aurophobia: An exaggerated or irrational dislike of gold.
• Auroraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of Auroral lights.
• Autism: Childhood mental condition with social and communication difficulties.
• Autoimmune limbic encephalitis: Limbic encephalitis is an inflammation of the limbic system which is the part of the brain responsible for basic autonomic functions. In the paraneoplastic type, the inflammation is caused by autoimmune processes.
• Autoimmune thyroid diseases: Autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland.
• Automysophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being dirty.
• Autonomic Dysreflexia: A complication of spinal cord injury where a particular stimulus can trigger an excessive response from the autonomic nervous system which causes blood pressure to rise - sometimes to dangerous levels. Stimuli that can trigger the response include bladder irritation, bowel irritation (e.g. due to constipation, gas, enema), skin irritation (e.g. due to burns, pressure sores, ingrown toenails), broken bones, tight clothing, labour and temperature extremes. The severity and frequency of the condition is highly variable. The condition occurs in patients with tetraplegia or with loss of sensation above the lower rib cage.
• Autonomic dysreflexia syndrome: A complication caused by injury to the neck or upper back region of the spinal cord. Symptoms are induced by stimulation below the level of the injury which can be caused by such things as distended bladder, scratching the feet, squeezing the penis, stimulation of the rectum or accumulation of gas.
• Autophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being egotistical or being by oneself.
• Bacillophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of missiles.
• Bacterial pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) due to a bacterial infection. It can occur as a complication of a bacterial infection in some other part of the body. It is most often a complication of a respiratory infection but skin and oral infections may also be a cause. Bacterial pericarditis may also occur after heart surgery. It occurs predominantly in males aged 20 to 50 years. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Bacteriophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of bacteria.
• Barbiturate abuse: Abuse of barbiturate medications
• Barophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of gravity.
• Barre-Lieou syndrome: A rare condition where trauma (such as pinching by adjacent vertebrae or arthritis) to the sympathetic nerves located in the spinal area of the neck results in a variety of neurological symptoms.
• Bathmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of walking.
• Bathophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of depths. This can include a fear of lakes or long hallways.
• Batophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of passing high buildings.
• Batrachophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of frogs or toads.
• Bearsfoot hellebore poisoning: The Bearsfoot hellebore is a relatively small, flowering evergreen plant which originated in Europe. All parts of the plant contain protoanemonin which can be toxic if large quantities are consumed.
• Behavioral symptoms: Symptoms of personal behavior.
• Belonephobia: Fear of sharp, point objects such as needles.
• Benign Fasciculation Syndrome: Common movement disorder manifesting in a fine (fast) tremor; it is an inherited condition of unknown cause.
• Benzodiazepine abuse: Abuse of benzodiazepine tranquiliser medications
• Bibliophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of books.
• Bilateral abductor vocal cord paralysis syndrome: A complication that can occur following the removal of the thyroid gland.
• Bird cherry seed poisoning: Wild cherry seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual.
• Bitter almond seed poisoning: Bitter almond seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. Accidental ingestion is very unusual. Bitter almond plants grow mainly in Northern America. Various processes can be used to leach the toxic chemical out of the bitter almonds.
• Blennophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of slime.
• Bogyphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of demons and goblins.
• Borderline Personality Disorder: Mental condition with behavioral and emotional problems.
• Brain Fag syndrome: A type of neurotic disorder that was first observed in white collar workers in Africa.
• Brain tumor: A condition which is characterized by the abnormal growth of tissue within the brain
• Briquet syndrome: A rare, chronic mental disorder characterized mainly by often claiming to have constant physical illness when none is able to be detected. It most often occurs in young females.
• Bromidrosiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of having unpleasant body odor.
• Brontophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thunder and thunderstorms.
• Brucellosis: An infectious disease caused by the Brucella genus which is transmitted from animals to humans.
• Bulimia nervosa: Eating disorder with binging (overeating) and purging (vomiting).
• Burning mouth syndrome- Type 3: A rare condition where there is a burning sensation in the mouth and tongue. Type 3 describes mouth burning that comes and goes during the day and is often linked to anxiety and allergies (especially food additives).
• CFS subtype 1 (cognitive, musculoskeletal, sleep, anxiety/depression): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 1 tends to be more severe with the dominant symptoms being anxiety, depression and cognitive, musculoskeletal and sleeping problems.
• CFS subtype 2 ( musculoskeletal, pain, anxiety/depression): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 2 tends to be more severe with the dominant symptoms being anxiety, depression, pain and musculoskeletal problems.
• CFS subtype 3 (mild): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 3 tends to have milder symptoms than other subtypes.
• CFS subtype 4 (cognitive, musculoskeletal, sleep, anxiety/depression): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 4 tends to be dominated by cognitive symptoms.
• CFS subtype 5 (musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 5 tends to be dominated by musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal symptoms.
• CFS subtype 6 (postexertional): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 6 tends to be dominated by excessive fatigue following exertion.
• CFS subtype 7 (pain, infectious, musculoskeletal, sleep, neurological, gastrointestinal, neurocognitive, anxiety/depression): Chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. CFS subtype 7 tends to be more severe with the dominant symptoms being pain, infections, anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal, sleep, neurological, gastrointestinal and neurocognitive problems.
• COPD: Severe obstruction of bronchial air flow typically from bronchitis and/or emphysema.
• Caffeine - Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to caffeine during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Caffeine addiction: Caffeine addiction is the uncontrollable craving for caffeine products such as coffee. Other caffeinated products include diet pills, chocolate, pain killers, cold remedies and soft drinks. Cessation causes withdrawal symptoms which can vary in nature and severity.
• Cainophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of novelty.
• Cancerophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cancer.
• Cancerphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cancer.
• Carbamate insecticide poisoning: Excessive ingestion of carbamate insecticide drugs.
• Carcinoid syndrome: Carcinoid heart disease is a rare, metastatic disease that occurs predominantly in the right heart. The tricuspid and pulmonic valves are affected, leading to right heart failure, which results in increased morbidity and mortality.
• Carcinomatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cancer.
• Carcinomophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cancer.
• Carcinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cancer.
• Cardiac tamponade: Symptoms caused by compression of the heart due to the accumulation of blood or fluid in the space between the heart muscle and the membrane covering the heart.
• Cardiogenic shock: an inadequate circulation of blood due to primary failure of the ventricles of the heart to function effectively
• Cardiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of heart disease.
• Carukia barnesi sting: The Irukandji jellyfish is a very small type of box jellyfish found mainly in the northern tropical waters of Australia. Their sting is not particularly painful by the ensuing symptoms can be severe and life-threatening.
• Cathisophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sitting down.
• Catoptrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of mirrors.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 1: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 6p21.3. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 10: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 3q25-q26. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 11: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 3q28. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 12: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 6q25.3. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 13: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect in the SH2B3 gene on chromosome 12q24. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 2: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 5q31-q33. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 3: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 2q33. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 4: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 19p13.1. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 5: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 15q11-q13. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 6: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 4q27. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 7: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 1q31. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 8: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 2q11-q12. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celiac disease, susceptibility to 9: The susceptibility to developing celiac disease due to a genetic defect on chromosome 3p21. Celiac disease is a small intestine disorder where the ingestion of foods containing wheat gluten and similar proteins leads to the inflammation of the small intestine lining. This damage affects absorption of nutrients and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea. Growth in children due to malabsorption may also result. The type and severity of symptoms is variable.
• Celtophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of Celts.
• Cenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of a void or open spaces.
• Central nervous system oxygen toxicity: High oxygen levels which affects the central nervous system. The condition can occur during deep dives with fatal consequences.
• Cephalothoracic progressive lipodystrophy: A rare acquired disorder that involves adipose tissue abnormalities and is characterized by loss of adipose tissue mainly in the trunk and arms.
• Ceraunophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thunder and lightning.
• Cerebrovascular symptoms: Symptoms related to the brain's arteries
• Chaetophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of hair.
• Cheimatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cold.
• Chemical poisoning - Azinphos-methyl: Azinphos-methyl is a chemical pesticide used as an insecticide and acaricide. The chemical is an organophosphorus compound and ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure. The chemical may be absorbed through the skin.
• Chemical poisoning - Carbaryl: Carbaryl is a carbamate pesticide used mainly as an insecticide and acaricide. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure. The chemical may be absorbed through the skin.
• Chemical poisoning - Carbon Disulfide: Carbon Disulfide is a chemical used mainly in corrosion inhibitors, cold and nickel plating, photography applications and as a solvent in gums and resins. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chlordecone: Chlordecone is an insecticide used to control pests in crops such as bananas and tobacco. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The chemical may be readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chloropicrin: Chloropicrin is a chemical used mainly in fumigants for grain storage. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Cologne: Colognes contain chemicals such as ethanol and isopropanol which can cause symptoms if ingested or inhaled in excessive quantities. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - DDD: DDD is a chemical used mainly as a pesticide. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The chemical may be readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - DDT: DDT is a chemical used mainly as a pesticide. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The chemical may be readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Ethylamine: Ethylamine is a chemical used mainly in the manufacture of dyes, rayon, rocket propellant, as a fuel additive and in leather-tanning and cellulose treatment. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Jet Fuel-5: Jet Fuel-5 is an aviation turbine fuel used by the US military. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Lysergic Acid Diethylamide is a hallucinogenic drug which is often misused. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Manganese: Manganese is a chemical used mainly in fertilizers, welding rods, matches, electrical coils, ceramics and animal food additives. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Monocrotophos: Monocrotophos is a chemical insecticide. The chemical is an organophosphorus compound and ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure. The chemical may be absorbed through the skin.
• Chemical poisoning - Oil-based paint: Oil-based paint contains various chemicals which can cause serious symptoms if sufficient quantities are swallowed or if other types of exposure occurs. These paint contain toxic hydrocarbons as well as various other heavy metals depending on the type of paint. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Phencyclidine: Phencyclidine is often used as an illegal recreational drug. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Selenium Dioxide: Selenium Dioxide is a chemical used mainly in gun bluing solutions. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Sodium Monofluoroacetate: Sodium Monofluoroacetate is a chemical used mainly as a rodenticides, often to control mammal pests in crops. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Strychnine: Strychnine is used as a rodenticide. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Thallium: Thallium is an element used for such things as electronic devices, selenium rectifiers, gamma radiation detection apparatus, transmission equipment and infrared radiation detection. It is also used as a catalyst in various manufacturing processes. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Toluene: Toluene is a chemical used mainly in pesticides, degreasers, glues and pain removers. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Cherophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of gaiety.
• Cherry laurel seed poisoning: Wild cherry seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual. Wild cherry plants grow mainly in eastern Europe, Western Asia and Britain.
• Cherry seed poisoning: Cherry seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually only occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual.
• Chest pain: Pain in the chest region.
• Chinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of snow.
• Chokecherry seed poisoning: Chokecherry seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual. Chokecherry plants grow mainly in Northern America.
• Cholerophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cholera.
• Chrematophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of wealth.
• Chrometophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of money.
• Chromophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of colors.
• Chromosome 17p, partial deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder involving deletion of genetic material from the short arm of chromosome 17. The type and severity of symptoms are determined by the amount and location of the lost genetic material.
• Chromosome 22q deletion: A rare genetic disorder where a portion of the genetic material from the long arm of chromosome 22 is missing. The symptoms or severity may vary somewhat between patients.
• Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A rare genetic disorder caused by the absence of a small portion of genetic material. A small section of chromosome 22 is missing at a location called q11.2. Chromosome 22 is one of 23 pairs of chromosomes that exist in humans.
• Chronic Chemical poisoning - Varnish makers' and painters' Naptha: Varnish makers' and painters' Naptha is an ingredient used in certain pesticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
• Chronic Pesticide poisoning - xylene: Xylene is an ingredient used in certain insecticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
• Chronic anxiety: anxiety is a feeling of apprehension or fear
• Chronophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of time. Prisoners often develop a fear of time passing.
• Cibophobia: Morbid dislike of food or eating.
• Cinderella's stepmother syndrome: A term used to describe the behaviors that stepmothers display in order to become more accepted by the family.
• Claustrophobia: Fear of confined or enclosed spaces
• Cleptophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thieves or of being robbed by thieves.
• Clinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of going to bed.
• Cnidophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of insect stings.
• Cocaine - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Cocaine during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Cocaine abuse: Stimulant drug with various effects
• Cocaine addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use cocaine on a regular basis. Chronic cocaine use can lead to dependency in as little as two weeks. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Cocaine withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when cocaine use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Cocaine-induced hypertension: Cocaine-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by use of cocaine. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking cocaine and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of cocaine use.
• Coitophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sexual intercourse.
• Combat stress reaction: A term used in the military which refers to behaviors that result from the stress of fighting in a war.
• Cometophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of comets.
• Common symptoms: The most common symptoms
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - non-classical form: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Congenital hepatic porphyria: A rare congenital disorder where there is an excess of porphyrin (pigments) in the body. The liver is responsible for making porpyrins.
• Congestive cardiac failure: A condition characterized by breathlessness and abnormal sodium and water retention.
• Conn Syndrome-induced hypertension: Conn Syndrome-induced hypertension is high blood pressure associated with Conn Syndrome. It results from excessive production of a hormone called aldosterone by the adrenal glands. The high blood pressure often responds poorly to the usual medications. Death can result in severe cases.
• Constrictive pericarditis: Inflammation, swelling and thickening of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) which causes it to tighten around the heart and affect its function. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Constrictive tuberculous pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) that occurs as a complication of tuberculosis. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Coprophobiaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of feces or excrement.
• Corticosteroid-induced hypertension: Corticosteroid-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by use of corticosteroids. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking corticosteroids. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of corticosteroid therapy.
• Coulrophobia: An exaggerated or abnormal fear of clowns. Children are most often affected but teenagers and adults can occasionally be affected as well.
• Crack addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use crack on a regular basis. Chronic crack use can lead to dependency in as little as two weeks. Crack is a form of cocaine - powdered cocaine is heated with ammonia or sodium bicarbonate to make rocks of crack. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Crack withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when cocaine hydrochloride use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Cremnophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of precipices.
• Crohn's disease: Crohn's disease causes inflammation of the digestive system. It is one of a group of diseases called inflammatory bowel disease. The disease can affect any area from the mouth to the anus. It often affects the lower part of the small intestine called the ileum.
• Cryophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of extreme cold, frost or ice.
• Crystal meth addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use crystal meth on a regular basis. Crystal meth is a powerful stimulant used illegally for its effects. It is highly addictive and known by street names such as ice, speed, glass, crank and chalk. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Crystallophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of glass or crystals.
• Cushing syndrome, familial: A hormonal disorder caused by high levels of the cortisol hormone due to the abnormal development of the adrenal gland.
• Cushing's syndrome-induced hypertension: Cushing's syndrome-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by a condition caused Cushing's syndrome where the adrenal glands produce excessive amounts of cortisol.
• Cushing-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of Cushing's disease
• Cyclosporine toxicity: The toxic reaction of the body to the substance, possibly via allergic reaction or overdose.
• Cyclosporine-induced hypertension: Cyclosporine-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by taking cyclosporine. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking amphetamines and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of cyclosporine use.
• Cymophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of waves.
• Cynophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dogs.
• Cypridophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of venereal disease.
• Cystitis: Bladder infection or inflammation
• Damocles syndrome: Stress, anxiety and uncertainty experienced by people who have been successfully treated for childhood cancer.
• Darvocet withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Darcovet use is discontinued or reduced. Darcovet is a pain-killer. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Deipnophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dining and dinner conversation.
• Delirium: Severe mental deterioration
• Delirium tremens: A condition which occurs due to the withdrawal of a substance particularly alcohol and results in tremors of the hands and arms
• Delphinium poisoning: Delphinium is a member of the Buttercup family and contains toxic alkaloids. It's seeds are very toxic but other parts of the plant are also poisonous. As the plant ages, it becomes less poisonous. Toxicity varies amongst species.
• Dementia: Mental confusion and impaired thought.
• Demerol withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Demerol use is discontinued or reduced. Demerol is a pain-killing drug. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Demonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of demons or spirits.
• Demophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of crowds.
• Deposition diseases related fibromyalgia: Deposition diseases related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with deposition diseases. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. Deposition diseases involve the abnormal deposit of material in parts of the body such as the joints e.g. gout.
• Depression: Inappropriate depressed mood.
• Depressive symptoms: Inappropriate depressed mood.
• Dermatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of skin disease.
• Dexedrine overdose: Dexedrine is a prescription drug mainly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• Dextrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of objects on the right side of the body.
• Diaphragmatic paralysis: Diaphragmatic paralysis occurs when the muscles associated with breathing become do weak to function properly. Breathing becomes difficulty and severe cases can result in death if breathing assistance is not delivered. The condition can result from such things as motor neuron disease, trauma and myopathy.
• Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen
• Dikephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of justice.
• Dilaudid withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Dilaudid use is discontinued or reduced. Dilaudid is a pain-killing drug. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence. Symptoms are usually peak during the second day and last about a week.
• Dinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of whirlpools.
• Diplopiaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of double vision.
• Dipsophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of drinking.
• Discontinuation syndrome: Symptoms that can occur when a person suddenly stops taking their high blood pressure medication.
• Domatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being inside a house.
• Doraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of contact with animal fur or skin.
• Down's Syndrome associated Alzheimer's disease: Early-onset Alzheimer's is more prevalent in Down's Syndrome sufferers than in the general population. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Drug-induced hypertension: Drug-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by taking certain drugs or medications e.g. corticosteroids, cyclosporine, amphetamines, alcohol and estrogens.
• Dysmorphophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of deformity. It usually relates to deformities in other people.
• Dysomnia: Dysomnia is a general term for sleep disorder. It is a primary sleep disorder in which the patient suffers from changes in the quantity, quality, or timing of sleep.
• Early-onset Alzheimer's: Early-onset Alzheimer's is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to genetic defects or occurs in a familial pattern. It is not as common as the non-inherited form of Alzheimer's - occurs in up to 90% of Alzheimer sufferers. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Ecclesiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of church.
• Ecophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of home surroundings.
• Ecstasy abuse: Use of the illicit drug called ecstasy
• Ecstasy addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use ecstasy on a regular basis. Chronic ecstasy use can lead to dependency in as little as two weeks. Ecstasy is a synthetic psychoactive drug often used as a recreational drug. Street names for the drug includes: XTC, Adam, Clarity, Lover's Speed, Hug, Beans and Love Drug. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Ecstasy withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when ecstasy use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Eisoptrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of mirrors.
• Elective mutism: A rare psychiatric disorder where a child chooses not to speak in a social setting even though they are capable of speaking and often do so at home.
• Electrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of electricity or receiving an electric shock.
• Eleutherophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of freedom.
• Elurophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cats.
• Emetophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of vomiting.
• Emotional disorders: A disorder of emotions
• Emotional symptoms: Symptoms affecting the emotions.
• Emphysema: Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is defined as an abnormal, permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
• Encephalitis: Infection of the brain (as a symptom)
• Enetophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of pins or needles.
• Entomophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of insects.
• Eosophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the dawn.
• Epstein Barr virus related fibromyalgia: Epstein Barr virus related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with infection with the Epstein Barr virus. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues.
• Ereuthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of blushing.
• Ergasiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of or aversion to work. The word is sometimes used to describe a surgeon's fear of operating.
• Ergophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of work.
• Erotophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sexual feelings. The condition is characterized by feelings of guilt and fear about sex. Sufferers dislkike talking about sex, are less likely to engage in sexual relations and have a very negative view of sexually explicit material. This term is used mostly in the field of psychology.
• Erythrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of blushing.
• Erythropoietin-induced hypertension: Erythropoietin-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by taking erythropoietin which is sometimes used to treat anemia in conditions such as chornic kidney failure. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking amphetamines and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of erythropoietin use.
• Euphophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of good news.
• Familial Forms of Alzheimer's Disease: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour. Familial forms of the disease tend to run in families and are linked to mutations on various genes. Chromosome 1, 14 19 and 21 are the main chromosomes where mutations resulting in Alzheimer's are located..
• Familial dysautonomia: An inherited biochemical disorder that primarily affects the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
• Fatigue: Excessive tiredness or weakness.
• Fear: Excessive feelings of fear.
• Febriphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fever.
• Fibromyalgia: A difficult to diagnose condition affecting the muscles and/or joints
• Food Additive Adverse reaction - MSG: An intolerance to MSG is an adverse reaction (not an immune response) by the body to a food additive called MSG which is used in a number of foods. The adverse reaction results from the body's inability to metabolize or deal with the food additive. The amount of the substance required to trigger the onset of symptoms and the nature and severity of symptoms may vary considerably between patients.
• Food Additive Adverse reaction - amines: An intolerance to amines is an adverse reaction (not an immune response) by the body to amines which are found naturally in foods such as bananas, pineapples, vegetables, red wine, citrus fruit and many other foods. The adverse reaction results from the body's inability to metabolize or deal with the substance. The amount of the substance required to trigger the onset of symptoms and the nature and severity of symptoms may vary considerably between patients.
• Food Additive Adverse reaction - food additives: An intolerance to food additives is an adverse reaction (not an immune response) by the body to food additives. The adverse reaction results from the body's inability to metabolize or deal with the food additive. The amount of the substance required to trigger the onset of symptoms and the nature and severity of symptoms may vary considerably between patients.
• Food Additive Adverse reaction - salicylate: An intolerance to salicylates is an adverse reaction (not an immune response) by the body to salicylates which is an ingredient in aspirin but is also found naturally in various fruit, vegetables, herbs and spices. The adverse reaction results from the body's inability to metabolize or deal with the salicylate. The amount of the substance required to trigger the onset of symptoms and the nature and severity of symptoms may vary considerably between patients.
• Food Additive Adverse reaction - sulfite: An intolerance to sulfites is an adverse reaction (not an immune response) by the body to sulfites which is often used as a preservative in a variety of foods and medications including meats, salads and dried fruits. The adverse reaction results from the body's inability to metabolize or deal with the sulfite. The amount of the substance required to trigger the onset of symptoms and the nature and severity of symptoms may vary considerably between patients.
• Frigophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of cold.
• Galeophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sharks.
• Gametophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of marriage.
• Gamophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of marriage.
• General somatic pain: General somatic pain is a typical sensory experience that may be described as the unpleasant awareness of a noxious stimulus or bodily harm.
• Generalized anxiety disorder: Excessive anxiety and worrying.
• Geniophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of chins.
• Genophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sex.
• Genuphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of knees.
• Gephyrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of crossing a bridge.
• Gerascophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of growing old.
• Geumophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of tastes or flavors.
• Glossophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of speaking in public or speech anxiety.
• Glycogen storage disease type 6: A rare, generally mild form of inherited glycogen storage disease where a deficiency of phosphorylase b kinase leads to hypoglycemia and accumulation of glycogen in the liver.
• Glycogen storage disease type 6A, due to phosphorylase kinase deficiency: A rare, generally mild form of inherited glycogen storage disease where a deficiency of phosphorylase kinase leads to hypoglycemia and accumulation of glycogen in the liver. Phosphorylase kinase deficiency can cause glycogen storage disease type VIa and/or IX.
• Graphophobia: An exaggerated or irrational dislike of writing.
• Graves disease: A condition which is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid resulting hyperthyroidism
• Greenhead ant sting: The Greenhead ant is found in parts of Australia and can cause allergic reactions in susceptible people. Some people have a relatively minor allergic response whereas other develop anaphylaxis which is a life-threatening allergic response which requires urgent medical attention. The ants have a venom gland attached to a stinger located in their tail region. Ants can sting more than once.
• Guarana overuse: The consumption of high doses of guarana can cause symptoms.
• Gulf War syndrome: Syndrome in military veterans of the Gulf war
• Gynephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or hatred of women.
• Gynophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or hatred of women.
• Hadeophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of hell.
• Hagiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of saints and holy things.
• Hamaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the sight of blood.
• Hamartophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of error or sin.
• Hamaxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being in a vehicle or riding in one.
• Haphophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of touch.
• Haptophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of touch.
• Harpaxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of robbers.
• Head injury: Any injury that occurs to the head
• Headache: Pain affecting the head or brain area.
• Heart attack: An acute myocardial infarction
• Heart disease: Any disease that affects that heart but particularly relating to its own blood supply
• Heart failure: A condition which is characterized by an inability of the heart to pump blood efficiently and effectively
• Heart rhythm symptoms: Problems with the rhythm of the heartbeat (arrhythmias)
• Hedonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of pleasure.
• Heliophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sunlight or increased sensitivity to sunlight.
• Helminthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being infested with worms.
• Hematophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the sight of blood.
• Hepatic encephalopathy syndrome: A rare syndrome involving the association of advanced liver disease and neurological problems.
• Herbal Agent adverse reaction - Ginseng: Ginseng can be used as a herbal agent, usually in the form of a tea, to help combat stress. Some people may develop an adverse reaction to Ginseng.
• Herbal Agent adverse reaction - Sassafras Oil: Sassafras Oil can be used as a herbal agent to treat skin irritation such as insect bites. The herbal agent contains a chemical called safrole which can cause harmful effects if ingested .
• Herbal Agent overdose - Ginseng: Ginseng can be used as a herbal agent, usually in the form of a tea, to help combat stress. Excessive doses of ginseng can cause overdose symptoms - 3 to 15 g per day for a number of years can cause overdose symptoms.
• Herbal Agent overdose - Golden Seal: Golden seal can be used as a herbal agent to treat a variety of conditions - bleeding after birth, mucosal inflammation, constipation, hemorrhoids. The herbal agent contains chemicals (alkaloid hydrastine, berberine) which can cause various symptoms if excessive quantities are taken.
• Herbal Agent overdose - Sabah vegetable: Sabah vegetable can be used as a herbal agent to treat obesity and prevent vision problems. The herbal agent contains a chemical (papvarine alkaloids) which can cause an adverse reaction in some people.
• Heroin dependence: The physical and psychological dependence to the recreational drug heroin
• Heroin withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when heroin use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Herpetophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of reptiles.
• Heterophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or aversion to heterosexuals.
• Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the number 666.
• Hiatus hernia: is a protrusion of the upper part of the stomach into the thoracic cavity through a tear or weakness in the diaphragm, the most common type being sliding hiatus hernia
• Hierophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sacred objects or priests.
• High T4 syndrome: A disorder involving transient increases in thyroxine levels for no apparent reason.
• High blood pressure: Excessive blood pressure.
• Hippophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of horses.
• Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of long words.
• Hodophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of travel.
• Homichlophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fog.
• Homilophobia: An exaggerated or irrational hatred of sermons.
• Homophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of homosexuality which is affection between people of the same sex.
• Huntington's Disease: Inherited disease causing progressive mental deterioration.
• Hydrophophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of rabies.
• Hygrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of liquids, particularly wine and water.
• Hylephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of forests or wood.
• Hypengyophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of responsibility.
• Hyperaldosteronism-induced hypertension: Hyperaldosteronism -induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by excessive production of a hormone called aldosterone by the adrenal glands. The high blood pressure often responds poorly to the usual medications. Death can result in severe cases.
• Hyperglycemia: Where there is an increase above normal of the blood sugar levels
• Hyperoxia: A high level of oxygen in body tissues. It can be caused by exposure to high atmospheric pressure or long term inhalation of high oxygen concentrations. The high levels of oxygen may affect the lungs, nervous system or the eyes and thus can result in varying symptoms.
• Hypersomnia: increased need of sleep
• Hypertension due to bilateral renal artery stenosis: Hypertension due to bilateral renal artery stenosis is high blood pressure resulting from narrowing kidney blood vessels which prevents the blood from flowing through the kidneys properly.
• Hyperthyroidism: The excessive activity of the thyroid gland
• Hyperventilation: Abnormally fast and deep breathing.
• Hypnophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sleep or being hypnotized.
• Hypoadrenalism: Reduced adrenal gland activity.
• Hypoadrenocorticism - hypoparathyroidism - moniliasis: An autoimmune disorder where hormone production by various glands is reduced. The main features of the disorder are Addison disease and/or hypoparathyroidism and/or chronic candidiasis.
• Hypochondriasis: A disorder where a well person believes that they have a serious or life threatening illness.
• Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar levels
• Hypoparathyroidism: causesd by lack of PTH
• Hypoparathyroidism X-linked: Low parathyroid levels inherited in a X-linked manner and hence only males are symptomatic and females are asymptomatic carriers.
• Hysteria: hysteria describes a state of mind, one of unmanageable fear or emotional excesses
• Iatrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of going to the doctor.
• Ichthyophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fish.
• Ignophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of not knowing.
• Inborn amino acid metabolism disorder: A group of inherited disorders where the body is not able to metabolize amino acids consumed in the diet. Amino acids are a part of carbohydrates, fats and proteins and are metabolized in order to provide energy or to make other needed compounds. There are many steps involved in metabolism and the severity can be greatly variable depending on the exact nature of the disorder.
• Inch ant sting: The Inch ant is found in parts of Australia and can cause allergic reactions in susceptible people. Some people have a relatively minor allergic response whereas other develop anaphylaxis which is a life-threatening allergic response which requires urgent medical attention. The ants have a venom gland attached to a stinger located in their tail region. Ants can sting more than once.
• Increased anxiety: A mental condition that is characterized by increased anxiety and avoidance behaviours
• Infectious CFS: Infectious chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic fatigue condition which may follow severe infections - viral or other. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition.
• Inheritable disorders of connective tissue: Disorders that affect the connective tissue of the body that are handed down from generation to generation
• Insect allergy: An allergic response to a wasp sting.
• Insect bite allergy: An insect bite allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a bite by an insect such as an ant. Multiple bites increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Insect sting allergy: An insect sting allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a sting by an insect such as an ant. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Iophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of poisons.
• Isopterophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of termites.
• Jack jumper ant sting: The jack jumper ant is commonly found in many parts of Australia and can cause allergic reactions in susceptible people. Some people have a relatively minor allergic response whereas other develop anaphylaxis which is a life-threatening allergic response which requires urgent medical attention. Jack jumpers deliver their venom by grabbing skin in its jaws and then using a stinger located in their tail region to inject the venom.
• Jessamine poisoning: Jessamine is an evergreen shrub which bears aromatic flowers and small white or purplish berries. It is often utilized as a houseplant or grown in gardens. The unripe berries contain various alkaloids which can be toxic if large quantities of the berries are eaten.
• Judeophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of Jews.
• Kakorrhaphiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of failure or defeat.
• Katagelophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being ridiculed or disliked.
• Kenophobia: Unnatural fear of large open spaces. Also called cenophabia.
• Keraunophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thunder and lightning.
• Kinetophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of movement or motion .
• Kleptophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thieves or having things stolen by thieves.
• Knoiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dust.
• Kopophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fatigue or exhaustion.
• Kramer-Pollnow disease: A neurological condition where young children develop hyperactivity followed by mental retardation, reduced speech efficiency and anxiety.
• Kynophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of rabies.
• Lachanophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of vegetables.
• Laliophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of talking.
• Late-onset Alzheimer's: Late-onset Alzheimer's is a form of Alzheimer's disease that doesn't appear to be linked to any genetic defects or familial pattern. It is by far the most common form of Alzheimer's - occurs in up to 90% of Alzheimer sufferers. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Lazarus complex: Various symptoms observed in people who have survived a heart attack.
• Lead poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to lead.
• Lepraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of leprosy.
• Levophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of objects on the left side of the body.
• Licorice-induced hypertension: Licorice-induced hypertension is a relatively quick increase in blood pressure due to eating licorice (either in the form of candy or as a herb). Blood pressure usually resumes to normalisation quite rapidly. Patients with existing blood pressure problems should avoid consuming licorice as it can cause their blood pressure to rise to dangerously high levels.
• Lidocaine toxicity: The toxic reaction of the body to the substance, possibly via allergic reaction or overdose.
• Limbic encephalitis: Inflammation of the limbic system which is the part of the brain responsible for basic autonomic functions.
• Limnophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of lakes.
• Linonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of string.
• Logophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of words.
• Low haemoglobin: Decreased concentration of haemoglobin in the blood.
• Lunaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the moon.
• Lupine poisoning: A flowering herb which produced long clusters of flowers in various colors. It also produces flat, seed-filled pods. The seeds contain toxic chemicals (alkaloids such as lupinine, anagyrine, sparteine) which can cause poisoning if eaten in large quantities. Different species have different amounts of the toxin and some species are not toxic at all.
• Lupus: Autoimmune disease with numerous effects on various organs and linings.
• Lyssophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of becoming insane.
• Major depressive disorder related fibromyalgia: Major depressive disorder related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with major depression. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues.
• Malignant hypertension: Malignant hypertension is a condition characterized by very high blood pressure and swelling of the optic nerve. This type of hypertension is more common in people with kidney problems such as narrowed kidney blood vessels. The condition is a medical emergency which can cause organ damage if not treated promptly.
• Malingering: A wilful feigning of the symptoms of illness or injury to attain a consciously desired end.
• Mania: Inappropriately euphoric mood usually with hyperactivity and other symptoms.
• Marijuana - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Marijuana during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Marijuana abuse: Illicit depressant/hallucinogenic drug
• Marijuana addiction: Marijuana addiction is the uncontrollable desire to use marijuana on a regular basis. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Marijuana withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when marijuana use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Mc Leod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by neuromuscular, blood and central nervous system symptoms. The disease is slowly progressive.
• Mechanophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of machinery.
• Menopause: End of female reproductive years
• Mercury - Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to Mercury during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Merinthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being bound.
• Metallophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of metals.
• Meteorophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of meteors or meteorites.
• Methamphetamine overdose: Methamphetamine is a prescription drug mainly used to treat ADHD . Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• Methamphetamine withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when methamphetamine use is discontinued or reduced. Methamphetamines are often called speed, meth, crystal or crank. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Microphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of microorganisms.
• Migraine: Severe complex headaches that occur periodically
• Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Mild brain injury caused by trauma, accident or injury
• Mild chronic pain: Mild chronic pain is defined as pain that persists longer than the temporal course of natural healing, associated with a particular type of injury or disease process.
• Misanthropy: An exaggerated or irrational hatred of mankind. Sufferers have a great distrust of human nature and tend to dislike or distrust other people.
• Misogynism: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of females.
• Misogyny: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of women.
• Misophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dirt or being contaminated by dirt or germs.
• Misosophy: An exaggerated or irrational fear of wisdom.
• Mitral-valve prolapse: A common heart condition that is often harmless.
• Mixed connective tissue disease: A rare disorder of the connective tissue which affects a range of body tissues and organs.
• Moccasin snake poisoning: The Moccasin snake is a poisonous snake found mainly in America and Asia. Moccasin snakes include the copperhead, cottonmouth and the Siberian, Central Asian and Malayan pit vipers. They are considered less venomous than rattlesnakes The snake venom contains toxins which affect the blood and tissues rather than the nervous system. Children tend to suffer more severe symptoms due to their smaller body size. Rapid swelling of the skin around the site of the bite is a sign of a more severe poisoning.
• Moderate chronic pain: Moderate chronic pain is defined as pain that persists longer than the temporal course of natural healing, associated with a particular type of injury or disease process and is moderate in intensity.
• Molysomophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of infection.
• Mononucleosis: Common infectious virus.
• Monopathophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sickness.
• Monophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being alone. Sufferers may also fear being away from a particular place or person who makes them feel safe. An underlying anxiety disorder is generally involved.
• Mood disorders: Disorders that affect a persons mood
• Moodiness: Inappropriate moods or excessive mood changes
• Morning Glory poisoning: The morning glory is a flowering vine with heart-shaped leaves that originates from tropical areas of America. The seeds contain chemicals (indole alkaloids, LSD) which can cause symptoms if eaten. The seeds are considered to have a low level of toxicity.
• Mountain sickness: Symptoms caused by rapid ascent to a higher altitude as a result of a reduction in available oxygen. May occur in mountain climbers or those traveling in unpressurized planes. Symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, weakness, fatigue, insomnia, headache, irritability, breathlessness and euphoria. The elderly or those suffering from pulmonary or cardiac disorders may suffer pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest or prostration. Also called acute altitude sickness.
• Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune attack on spinal nerves causing diverse and varying neural problems.
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia: A group of conditions that is characterised by the hyperplasia and hyperfunction of two or more glands of the endocrine system
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 3: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Musculoskeletal chronic fatigue syndrome: Musculoskeletal chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic condition which is characterized by symptoms such as severe persistent fatigue, depression, weakness, muscle pain and lack of energy. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition. There is no known cause but it appears to be associated with a previous infection in some cases. Musculoskeletal chronic fatigue syndrome tends to be dominated by musculoskeletal symptoms.
• Musicophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of music.
• Musophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of mice and rats.
• Myocardial infarction: blood supply to part of the heart is interrupted
• Myofascial pain syndromes: Any pain associated with the myofascia of the muscle tissue
• Mythophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of making false or incorrect statements.
• Myxophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of slime.
• Narcotic addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use narcotics on a regular basis. The drug may be used as a therapeutic medication for various conditions but it's use is also frequently abused. Examples of narcotic drugs include heroin, morphine, Demerol and codeine. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Nasal decongestant-induced hypertension: Nasal decongestant-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by taking nasal decongestants. Patients with an existing history of hypertension may suffer further blood pressure increases while taking amphetamines and this can be serious. Severity of symptoms varies amongst patients depending on their susceptibility, underlying health and duration of nasal decongestant use.
• Nausea: The queasy feeling of nausea and often also vomiting.
• Necrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of death or corpses.
• Negrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of African Americans.
• Neophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of new things.
• Nephophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of clouds.
• Nervousness: Nervous or overly anxious mental state
• Neurosis: Variety of mental disorders with self-awareness
• Neurosyphilis: Syphilis affecting the nervous system.
• Neurotoxicity syndromes: Altered nervous system functioning caused by exposure to certain chemicals (manmade or natural) that affect the nervous system - essentially it is the poisoning of the nervous system. Examples of toxic compounds that may cause neurotoxicity include lead, certain solvents and pesticides. Symptoms may occur immediately or gradually over a period of time.
• Noctiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the night.
• Non Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Non-Food Allergy - Africanized honeybee: An Africanized honeybee allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to an Africanized honeybee sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Ant: An ant bite allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to an ant bite. Multiple bites increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. Certain ants pose more of an allergy risk than others e.g. red fire ant. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Black fire ant: A black fire ant bite allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a black fire ant bite. Multiple bites increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Bumblebee: A Bumblebee allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a Bumblebee sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Hornet: A hornet allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a hornet sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Red fire ant: A red fire ant bite allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a red fire ant bite. Multiple bites increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Tropical fire ant: A tropical fire ant bite allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a tropical fire ant bite. Multiple bites increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - Yellow jacket Wasp: A yellow jacket allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a yellow jacket wasp sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - honey bee: A honey bee allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a honey bee sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - scorpion: A scorpion allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a scorpion sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Non-Food Allergy - wasp: A wasp allergy is an adverse reaction by the body's immune system to a wasp sting. Multiple stings increase the risk of a severe reaction or death. The body's immune system produces immunoglobulin E (IgE - an antibody) and histamine in response to contact with the allergen. The specific symptoms that can result can vary amongst patients.
• Nonaffective Psychosis: Any mental disorder that is characterised by a significant derangement of ones personality and a loss of ones touch with reality
• Nosophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of contracting a disease.
• Nudophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of nudity.
• Nychtophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of darkness or the night.
• Nymphomania: Extreme sexual promiscuity in a female.
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Behavioral disorder with obsessive thoughts and compulsive acts.
• Obstructive sleep apnea: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by episodic upper airway obstruction that occurs during sleep.
• Ochlophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of crowds.
• Ochophophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of vehicles.
• Odontophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of teeth. The fear is usually associated with animal's teeth.
• Odynophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of pain.
• Oecophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of home surroundings.
• Oenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational dislike or hatred of wine.
• Oikophobia: An exaggerated or irrational dislike or fear of home surroundings.
• Oinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational dislike or hatred of wine.
• Olfactophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of smells.
• Ombrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of rain or being rained on.
• Ommetaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of eyes.
• Onomatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of a certain name or words due to their supposed importance.
• Ophibiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of snakes.
• Ophidophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of snakes.
• Opioid addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use opioids on a regular basis. Opioids may may be prescribed by a physician for the purpose of pain relief but patients may become physically dependent on the drug and continue to obsessively use it even after the condition it was prescribed for has resolved. In other cases, opioid addiction results from the illicit use of the drug for recreational purposes. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling. Examples of opioids includes morphine, heroin, oxycodone and fentanyl.
• Opium addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use opium on a regular basis. Opium may may be prescribed by a physician for the purpose of pain relief but patients may become physically dependent on the drug and continue to obsessively use it even after the condition it was prescribed for has resolved. In other cases, opium addiction results from the illicit use of the drug for recreational purposes. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Opium withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Opium use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Organic mood syndrome: Persistant mood changes due to physical causes such as a chemical imbalance rather than psychiatric causes. The duration and severity of the condition is determined by the nature and location of the cause.
• Organophosphate insecticide poisoning: Excessive ingestion of organophosphate insecticides. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the exact poison ingested and the quantity.
• Ornithophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of birds.
• Orthostatic intolerance: A condition where various symptoms occur when a person moves to an upright position such as standing after sitting down or sitting up after lying down. It is due to problems with blood flow, blood pressure and heart rate.
• Osmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of odors.
• Osphresiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of odors.
• Oxycontin addiction: Oxycontin is a commonly prescribed pain killer which is recognized as carrying a high risk of addiction. Initial use of the drug may be to control chronic pain but patients may find themselves increasingly dependent on the drug and unable to stop its use. Other cases of addiction may occur when people deliberately and illegally misuse Oxycontin as a recreational drug.
• Pain killer addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use pain-relieving medication on a regular basis. Pain killers are often prescribed for the treatment of sleeping problems but chronic use can lead to dependence on the drug. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Palpitations: Abnormality of the heart beat that person can feel
• Panic: Symptoms of intense fear and terror (often with the desire to flee)
• Panic attack: A condition which is characterized by an acute episode of intense anxiety
• Panic disorder: is a severe medical condition characterized by extremely elevated mood
• Panphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of everything or a generalized state of anxiety or fear not related to any one particular thing.
• Papaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the pope or papacy.
• Paralipophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of neglecting some duty or responsibility.
• Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: Limbic encephalitis is an inflammation of the limbic system which is the part of the brain responsible for basic autonomic functions. In the paraneoplastic type, the inflammation is caused by cancers such as small cell lung cancer.
• Paranoia: Delusion that people or events conspire against you.
• Paraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sexual perversion.
• Parasitophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of parasites.
• Paraskavedekatriaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of Friday the 13th.
• Parkinson disease 6, autosomal recessive early-onset (PARK6): Type 6 Parkinson disease is an early-onset form of the condition and is linked to a genetic mutation on the PINK1 gene on chromosome 1p36. The condition may be inherited in a recessive manner and symptoms tend to fluctuate during the day. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 7, autosomal recessive, early-onset: A recessively inherited form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation in the DJ1 gene on chromosome 1p36. Disease progression tends to be slow.
• Parthenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of or aversion to young girls.
• Pathophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of disease.
• Peach seed poisoning: Peach seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual. Most parts of the peach plant contain the toxic chemical with the highest concentration in young leaves.
• Peccatiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sinning.
• Pediculophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of lice.
• Pediophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of children.
• Peladophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of baldness.
• Pellagra: Dietary deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin)
• Peniaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of poverty.
• Pentheraphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of mother-in-law.
• Peptic Ulcer: Ulcer on the lining of the stomach or duodenum
• Percocet withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Percocet use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Personality disorders: A group of psychiatric disorders that are characterised but abnormal dysfunctional personalities
• Personality symptoms: Symptoms or changes to the personality.
• Phagophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of eating.
• Phalacrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of becoming bald.
• Phanmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of specters or phantoms.
• Pharmacophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of drugs.
• Phasmophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of ghosts.
• Phenogophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of daylight.
• Phenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of noise.
• Pheochromocytoma: pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor that usually starts in the cells of the adrenal glands
• Pheochromocytoma-induced hypertension: Pheochromocytoma-induced hypertension is high blood pressure caused by an adrenal gland tumor. The high blood pressure often responds poorly to the usual medications. Death can result in severe cases.
• Philosophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of philosophers or philosophy.
• Phobia: An irrational intense fear of an activity, thing or place
• Phobic disorder: A persistent and abnormal dread or fear.
• Phobophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fear.
• Phonemophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of thinking.
• Phonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of noise.
• Photalgiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of eye pain caused by light.
• Photophobia: Dislike, sensitivity or avoidance of bright light
• Physical addiction: Physical addiction refers to the compulsive need for a drug or substance in order to prevent the withdrawal symptoms (physical and/or psychological) or due to increased tolerance to the effects of the substance.
• Pneumatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of spirits.
• Pneumonia caused by serotype O11 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by an opportunistic pathogen called Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
• Pneumonia, Aspiration: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by breathing in liquids and solids (usually the stomach contents).
• Pneumonia, Bacterial: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by bacteria.
• Pneumonia, Staphylococcal: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by the Staphylococcal bacteria. The condition is not common and often occurs as a complication of influenza or other viral respiratory infections. This form of pneumonia is considered serious and up to a third of cases can result in death.
• Pneumonia, Viral: Inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles caused by a virus.
• Pneumothorax: pneumothorax is the collection of air in the space around the lungs and chest wall
• Pnigophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of choking or smothering.
• Pogonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of beards.
• Poinephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of punishment.
• Poison hemlock poisoning: Poison hemlock is a herbaceous plant which has a relatively large taproot and clusters of small white flowers. The plant if often found growing in the wild as a weed. The plant contains various alkaloid chemicals which can cause symptoms if eaten. Severe cases of poisoning can result in death.
• Politicophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of politicians.
• Polyarteritis nodosa: A serious blood vessel disease where small and medium-sized arteries become swollen and damaged and are unable to adequately supply oxygenated blood to various tissues in the body. The disease can occur in a mild form or a serious, rapidly fatal form.
• Polyphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of lots of things.
• Ponophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fatigue or exhaustion. It primarily relates to fear of fatigue associated with working too hard.
• Porphyria: A group of disorders characterized by excess production of porphyrin or its precursors which affects the skin and/or nervous system.
• Possible human carcinogenic exposure - Lead: Some evidence indicates that exposure to Lead has a possible link to an increased risk of developing cancer in humans. The carcinogenicity of the substance may be influenced by the duration and level of exposure.
• Post-Streptococcal Neurologic Disorders: A rare autoimmune disorder where the body develops an abnormal autoimmune response to streptococcal infection and causes neurological symptoms.
• Post-traumatic stress disorder: Stress following a traumatic event.
• Post-viral CFS: Post-viral chronic fatigue syndrome is a chronic fatigue condition which may follow severe viral infections. The condition is often debilitating and may be difficult to diagnose due to lack of specific tests for the condition.
• Postconcussive syndrome: Symptoms that can occur following a head injury.
• Posteriophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of falling behind.
• Postoperative pulmonary embolism: Pulmonary embolism (lung blood clot) after surgery.
• Postpartum depression: The occurrence of depression in a woman that occurs after the birth of a child
• Postpartum hyperthyroidism: Postpartum thyroiditis is a postpartum condition that results in temporary hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism.
• Potamophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of rivers.
• Potophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of drinks.
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a diagnosis used to indicate serious premenstrual distress with associated deterioration in functioning.
• Premenstrual syndrome: A collection of symptoms that some women suffer that occurs directly before menstruation
• Premenstrual tension: symptoms of sufficient severity which interferes with daily activities , usually occurs two weeks prior to menses
• Prescribed medication addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use prescribed medication in a manner or frequency not prescribed. Drugs such as painkillers are prescribed to treat such things as pain but patients may become physically dependent on the drug and continue to obsessively use it even after the condition it was prescribed for has resolved. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Primary Fibromyalgia: Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. Primary fibromyalgia is a term given to fibromyalgia that occurs for no apparent reason whereas secondary fibromyalgia has an identifiable cause. The primary form is more common than the secondary form.
• Pseudopolycythaemia: An acquired condition where the blood has the normal number of red blood cells but has a reduced plasma volume. It usually occurs in males with weight and blood pressure problems who smoke.
• Psychiatric disorders: Any condition that affects ones mind
• Psychological addiction: Psychological addiction refers to the lack of willpower in fighting against a compulsive need for something i.e. a mental dependence rather than a physical dependence. The addiction stems from psychological or emotional factors. Psychological addictions may involve addictions to drugs, sex, shopping and just about anything else. A person finds themselves unable to resist the source of their addiction.
• Psychological disorders: Any condition that affects ones mind
• Psychological problems: Symptoms affecting emotional or psychological factors.
• Psychophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the mind.
• Psychotic symptoms: Any symptoms which occur during a psychotic episode
• Pteronophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of feathers.
• Puberty symptoms: Symptoms related to puberty in adolescence.
• Pulmonary edema: A condition which is characterized by engorgement of the pulmonary vessels and transudation of fluid into the alveoli
• Pulmonary embolism: The occurrence of an embolism which blocks blood vessels in the lungs
• Puss caterpillar poisoning: The puss caterpillar has hollow, poison-filled spines amongst the hairs along its body. It is found mainly in the southern states of the United states. It is often found feeding on trees such as elm, oak and sycamore. Contact with the poisonous spines can result in various symptoms. The puss caterpillar is one of the more poisonous stinging caterpillars. Children tend to be more severely affected than adults.
• Pyogenic pericarditis: The pericardium is the fibrous sac surrounding the heart. Infection can cause the pericardium to become inflamed and swollen and to produce pus. It may result from a ruptured esophagus, heart infection or from surgery involving the heart or chest cavity. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Pyrexiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fever.
• Pyrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of fire.
• Rabies: An infectious disease that can affect any mammal including humans and is transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal. The infectious agent is the Neurotropic lyssavirus which affects the salivary gland and also causes neurological symptoms.
• Rape trauma syndrome: A condition that occurs following sexual assault.
• Reactive attachment disorder of early childhood: A disorder where young children fail to develop a normal attachment to their primary caregiver. It may be caused by such things as neglect, abuse or caregiver unresponsiveness during the early years of life. The severity and type of symptoms are variable.
• Reactive depression: When a person loses a loved one, when a marriage breaks down, when there is financial loss, for a few weeks or even a few months a person could be feel low, show a loss of initiative and little interest in his daily routine. This feeling fades and the person returns to normal routines and outlook after that. This type of depression is associated with grief or loss and is temporary.
• Rebound hypertension: Rebound hypertension is an increase in blood pressure in response stopping or reducing high blood pressure medication. Severe cases can result in a very large increase in blood pressure which requires prompt treatment to avoid complications such as organ damage. Rebound hypertension can be avoided by taking the doses as prescribed and reducing dosages gradually if a lower dosage is recommended.
• Rectophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the rectum.
• Red Imported Fire ant sting: The Red Imported Fire ant is found in parts of Australia and can cause allergic reactions in susceptible people. Some people have a relatively minor allergic response whereas other develop anaphylaxis which is a life-threatening allergic response which requires urgent medical attention. The ants have a venom gland attached to a stinger located in their tail region. Ants can sting more than once.
• Renal hypertension: Renovascular hypertension is high blood pressure resulting from narrowing or damage to kidney blood vessels which prevents the blood from flowing through the kidneys properly.
• Renovascular Hypertension: Renovascular hypertension is high blood pressure resulting from narrowing or damage to kidney blood vessels which prevents the blood from flowing through the kidneys properly.
• Resistant hypertension: Resistant hypertension is a form of high blood pressure that doesn't respond to treatment. Blood pressure remains high even when a combination of three drugs is used. It can be caused by such things a secondary hypertension, fluid retention or if the patient doesn't stick to the treatment plan.
• Respiratory muscle paralysis: paralysis of the respiratory muscle especially the diaphragm
• Respiratory paralysis: Respiratory paralysis occurs when the muscles associated with breathing become do weak to function properly. Breathing becomes difficulty and severe cases can result in death if breathing assistance is not delivered. The condition can result from such things as motor neuron disease, trauma and myopathy.
• Rhabdophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being punished severely. The term can also be used to describe a fear of being beaten with a rod of a fear of magic and the paranormal.
• Rheumatic pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) that occurs as a complication in people with rheumatism. Rheumatic pericarditis condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune inflammatory condition which primarily affects the joints
• Rheumatoid arthritis related fibromyalgia: Rheumatoid arthritis related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory form of arthritis and is an autoimmune disease.
• Rhypophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of filth.
• Right parietal lobe syndrome related Alzheimer's disease: Right parietal lobe syndrome related Alzheimer's disease is a variant of Alzheimer's disease that involves abnormalities in a particular part of the brain. It is characterized by Alzheimer's symptoms as well as problems with such things as construction (making things) and drawing as well as denial of their disabilities. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Ritalin withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Ritalin use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Russophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of Russians.
• SLE related fibromyalgia: SLE related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. SLE is an autoimmune disease that can affect virtually any body system e.g. blood vessels and organs.
• Sadness: feeling of melancholy
• Schizophrenia: Psychiatric disorder with delusional beliefs and hallucinations.
• Sciophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of shadows.
• Scoleciphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of worms.
• Scopophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being looked at, stared at or being seen.
• Scotophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the dark.
• Sea snake poisoning: The Sea snake is a poisonous snake found in the warmer western parts of the Pacific and Indian Ocean. Sea snakes have scales but not gills or fins so they still need to go to the surface of the water to breathe. Sea snake venom is particularly poisonous but their bite fails to achieve any significant envenomation. The venom is toxic to the nervous system and muscles.
• Secondary Fibromyalgia: Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. Primary fibromyalgia is a term given to fibromyalgia that occurs for no apparent reason whereas secondary fibromyalgia has an identifiable cause. The primary form is more common than the secondary form.
• Secondary Hypertension: Secondary hypertension is high blood pressure resulting from an underlying cause such as kidney disease. Hypertension is a serious health condition due to the fact that it often causes no symptoms until it is severe.
• Secondary pulmonary hypertension: Secondary pulmonary hypertension refers to high blood pressure in the arteries that carry blood to the lungs. Blood pressure in other parts of the body is normal or sometimes even low. The condition may be caused by such things as lung conditions (e.g. emphysema, chronic bronchitis), heart conditions (e.g. congestive heart failure, birth defects involving heart), AIDS or medications such as fenfluramine (a diet drug).
• Selachophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sharks.
• Selaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of flashes of light.
• Self harm: Actions designed to cause harm inflicted by oneself.
• Severe anxiety: A mental condition that is characterized by severe anxiety and avoidance behaviours
• Severe chronic pain: Chronic severe pain is defined as pain that persists longer than the temporal course of natural healing, associated with a particular type of injury or disease process and is severe in intensity.
• Shock: Physical and mental reaction to reduced circulation
• Shock, Cardiogenic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Cardiogenic shock is caused by impaired heart function which means that blood is unable to be pumped effectively around the body.
• Shock, Distributive: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Distributive shock occurs when the blood vessels are dilated with affects blood volume and blood pressure within the vessels. Septic, neurogenic and anaphylactic shock are various forms of distributive shock.
• Shock, Endocrine: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Endocrine shock is caused by a disturbance in the endocrine (hormone producing) system. Some examples include severe cases of hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis and severe adrenal insufficiency.
• Shock, Hemorrhagic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Hemorrhagic shock is caused by excessive bleeding which reduces the blood volume.
• Shock, Hypovolaemic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Hypovolaemic shock is caused by a rapid fluid loss which reduces the blood volume.
• Shock, Neurogenic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Neurogenic shock is caused problems with the nervous system.
• Shock, Obstructive: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Obstructive shock is caused by obstruction the blood flow. Causes include cardiac tamponade, pulmonary embolism and narrowing of the aortic artery.
• Shock, Septic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Septic shock is caused by infection which affects large parts of the body. This form of shock results in death in about half of the cases.
• Shock, Traumatic: Shock is a life-threatening condition involving insufficient blood flow to the body tissues. Traumatic shock is caused by a serious injury or trauma to the body which affects the blood volume through one or more factors such as severe bleeding, heart damage and lung damage.
• Shortness of breath: The feeling of being short of breath
• Siderodromophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of trains.
• Siderophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the stars.
• Sinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of China.
• Sinus node disease: Heart rhythm disorder due to the sinus node in the heart
• Sitophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of food.
• Situational depression: Situational depression is a short-term condition that occurs when a person is unable to cope with, or adjust to, a particular source of stress, such as a major life change, loss or event.
• Sleep apnea: A condition which is characterized by transient attacks of apnea that usually occur during ones sleep
• Sleep disturbance related fibromyalgia: Sleep disturbance related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with sleep disturbance. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues.
• Sleeping pill addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use sleeping pills on a regular basis. Sleeping pills are often prescribed for the treatment of sleeping problems but chronic use can lead to dependence on the drug. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Social phobia: Excessive anxiety in social situations.
• Society problems: Difficulty interacting in society.
• Solophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of sunlight or abnormal sensitivity to sunlight.
• Somatoform Disorders: A disorder that is characterised by multiple somatic complaints
• Soto's Syndrome: A rare hereditary disorder characterized by excessive growth during the first few years of life as well as various other mental and physical anomalies.
• Specific phobias: Irrational fears of specific situations, actions or items.
• Specrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of specters or phantoms.
• Spectrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of mirrors.
• Spermatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of germs.
• Spermophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of germs.
• Stachybotrys chartarum: A toxic black slimy mold that can be found in damp indoor environments. Exposure can occur through the skin, ingestion or inhalation. It can causes conditions such as "sick building syndrome".
• Stasiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of standing or walking. Sufferers believe that they are unable to stand or walk.
• Stiff-Person Syndrome: A very rare progressive neurological disorder involving muscle tightness and painful muscle spasms.
• Stomach cramps: Cramping or other stomach discomfort
• Stress: Emotional stress (sometimes refers to physical stress)
• Stridor: Noisy breathing such as wheezing
• Stygiophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of hell.
• Subacute Thyroiditis: A self-limiting, virally induced inflammation of the thyroid characterised by a febrile illness and swelling of the thyroid, with subsequent damage to the thyroid tissue causing leakage of thyroid hormones into the circulation
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage: subarachnoid hemorrhage is bleeding in the area between the brain and the thin tissues that cover the brain. This area is called the subarachnoid space
• Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: Symptoms that occur when drug use is discontinued or reduced in dosage. The term covers withdrawal from smoking and alcohol as well as therapeutic and recreational drugs. Symptoms may vary depending on the drug involved and the level of dependence.
• Sychrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of ice or frost.
• Sydenham chorea: Brain disease causing involuntary movements or spasms.
• Symmetrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of symmetry.
• Tabophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of a wasting sickness.
• Tachophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of speed.
• Taijin-KyofuSho syndrome: A psychotic disorder characterized by a strong fear that the body, its parts or its functions are offensive to people.
• Taphephobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being buried alive or of cemeteries.
• Tapinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of small things.
• Taurophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of bulls.
• Technophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of modern technology.
• Teeth grinding: Grinding teeth when asleep
• Telephonophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the telephone.
• Temporal arteritis: Inflamed head artery causing headache.
• Temporal lobe epilepsy: A condition which is characterized by complex partial seizures
• Tension myositis related fibromyalgia: Tension myositis related fibromyalgia refers to fibromyalgia that is associated with tension myositis. Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized mainly by pain mainly in the muscles which involves no associated damage to the tissues. Tension myositis is a chronic pain syndrome that tends to mainly affect the back, neck, arm and pelvis.
• Teratophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of monsters and deformed people or of giving birth to a malformed infant.
• Tetanus: A disease caused by chemicals which are produced by a bacterium (clostridium tetani) and are toxic to the nerves. The infection usually occurs when the bacteria enter the body through a deep wound - these bacteria are anaerobic and hence don't need oxygen to survive.
• Thaasophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of boredom or being idle.
• Thalassophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the sea.
• Thanatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of death.
• Theatrophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of theatres.
• Theophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of God.
• Thermophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or dislike of heat.
• Thixophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of touch.
• Thyroid disorders: Any disorder of the thyroid gland.
• Tocophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of childbirth.
• Tomophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of surgical operations.
• Topophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of certain places.
• Toxic Shock Syndrome: Severe immune reaction causing shock
• Toxicophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of being poisoned.
• Tranquilizer addiction: An uncontrollable desire to use tranquilizers on a regular basis. Tranquilizers are often prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and sleeping problems but chronic use can lead to dependence on the drug. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Tranquilizer withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when tranquilzer use is discontinued or reduced. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence. Tranquilizers includes benzodiazepines such as valium, rohypnol and serepax.
• Transfusion Reaction: The allergic reaction to the transfusion of blood products to a person
• Traumatophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of war or physical injury.
• Tremophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of trembling.
• Trichophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of hair.
• Triskaidekaphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the number 13.
• Troell-Junet syndrome: A disorder involving enlarged extremities, diabetes, skull abnormalities and excessive thyroid hormone production.
• Trypanophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of injections .
• Tuberculous pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) that occurs as a complication of tuberculosis. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Tyrannophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or hatred of tyrants.
• Ulcerative colitis: Ulcerative colitis (Colitis ulcerosa, UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ulcerative colitis is a form of colitis, a disease of the intestine, specifically the large intestine or colon, that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores, in the colon.
• Uremia: Build up of toxins usually excreted by the kidneys, associated with real failure in a woman who is pregnant.
• Uremic pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) that occurs as a complication in people with uremia. Uremia is a buildup of urea and other waste material in the blood due to kidney failure. Uremic pericarditis condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Urophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of urine.
• Vaccinophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of vaccines or vaccination.
• Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: The bovine spongiform encephalopathy affects cattle but the variant form can infect humans. Human infection can occur by consuming infected cattle products, especially the brain and other central nervous system tissues.
• Variegate porphyria: A rare metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency of a certain enzyme which results in a build-up in the body of porphyrins or their precursors. This form of hepatic porphyria causes the sufferer to have acute attacks as well as skin sensitivity.
• Vascular malformations of the brain: Conditions affecting the brain blood vessels. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the type, location and extent of the malformation. There are six types of vascular malformations of the brain: telangiectasis, venous malformations, cavernous malformations, arteriovenous malformations, vein of Galen malformation and mixed malformations.
• Velocardiofacial syndrome: A genetic disorder which can present with a wide range of phenotypic manifestations which has lead to a number of different names being assigned to the various presentations e.g. DiGeorge Syndrome and Cayler Anomaly Face Syndrome. There are nearly 200 different symptoms that can occur and the severity of the condition is also highly variable depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms that are present.
• Venereophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of venereal disease.
• Venerupin shellfish poisoning: The venerupin shellfish can be eaten by humans. The shellfish can become toxic if they consume toxic algae. The shellfish is most commonly found and eaten in Japan but has been introduced into parts of the US. Interestingly, all cases of poisoning have occurred in very localized areas of Japan where they are harvested from lakes. This type of poisoning tends to have a high death rate - up to a third of patients die.
• Vermiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of earthworms.
• Vicodin withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Vicodin use is discontinued or reduced. Vicodin is a pain-killing drug. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Viral pericarditis: Inflammation and swelling of the pericardium (fibrous sac surrounding the heart) that results from a viral infection. Causative viruses include HIV, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and adenoviruses. The condition may be misdiagnosed as a heart attack and vice versa.
• Vitiligo: A condition which is characterized by chronic pigmentary changes to the skin seen by white patches
• Volume depletion: Reduced fluid volume in the cells, including both water and salts, similar to but distinct from dehydration.
• WAGR Syndrome: A syndrome that is due to the deletion of chromosome 11.
• Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: A rare degenerative brain disorder caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency. Chronic alcoholics are prone to this condition.
• Westphal disease: A condition that is closely associated with Huntington's disease and is a clinical variant of it
• Whiplash: Neck injury often from a car accident.
• Wild cherry seed poisoning: Wild cherry seeds contain a chemical called amygdalin which breaks down into cyanide in the human body. The toxic chemicals are not released if the seed remains intact and therefore poisoning usually only occurs if the seeds are crushed and eaten. Accidental ingestion is very unusual.
• Wilms tumor - aniridia - genitourinary anomalies - mental retardation: A syndrome resulting from deletion of genetic material from chromosome the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p13). The characteristic symptoms are partial or complete absence of iris, genitourinary anomalies, mental retardation and Wilms' tumor. The specific range and severity of symptoms is variable depending on the size and exact location of the genetic material that is missing.
• Wilson's disease: Wilson disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a neurodegenerative disease of copper metabolism.
• Wolfram's disease: A condition that is inherited and consists of multiple symptoms
• Xanax withdrawal: Symptoms that occur when Xanax use is discontinued or reduced. Xanax is a central nervous system depressant. Symptoms may vary depending on the level of dependence.
• Xanthophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the color yellow or the word yellow.
• Xenophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear or hatred of foreigners and strange things.
• Xerophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of dryness and dry places such as deserts.
• Yager-Young syndrome: The false belief by a patient that they have low blood sugar because of the symptoms they are experiencing.
• Zelophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of jealousy.
• Zemmiphobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of the great mole rat.
• Zoophobia: An exaggerated or irrational fear of animals.

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