Glossary for Balance symptoms

Medical terms related to Balance symptoms or mentioned in this section include:

• $47,XXX syndrome$: A genetic condition where females have an extra X chromosome in each of their cells. Normally female cells have two X chromosomes. This is not usually an inherited condition but a defect that occurs during cell division. Often the condition is asymptomatic.
• ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, inattention, concentration difficulty, and other mental symptoms. The related description Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may be a more modern description of the disease.

  Misdiagnosis of ADD is a well-known controversy in the sense that cases of hyperactivity in children may be over-diagnosed. There is a tendency for parents to seek and doctors to prescribe the drug Ritalin even in cases where the diagnosis of ADD or ADHD may be incorrect. Alternative diagnoses include normal child behavior (i.e. just an active child), food intolerances, or other behavioral disorders (see misdiagnosis of ADD).

  On the other hand, ADD is under-diagnosed in adults, with a large number of adults having ADD without knowing it; see misdiagnosis of Adult ADD.

• ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, inattention, concentration difficulty, and other mental symptoms. Typically, ADHD and associated hyperactivity is known as a childhood disorder, although ADD/ADHD in adults is known to be under-diagnosed. It is distinguished from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) which has a reduced focus on hyperactivity type symptoms.
• Abetalipoproteinemia: A rare genetic disorder involving fat metabolism. The disorder is also known as Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome. Signs of the disease include acanthocytosis, little or no serum beta-lipoproteins and hypocholesterolemia. In severe cases, steatorrhea, ataxia, nystagmus, motor incoordination and retinitis pigmentosa may also occur.
• Acanthamoeba infection: Infection with a microscopic, free-living ameba that is readily found in the environment - soil, air and water. Most people exposed to the ameba will not become infected but when infections do occur, they tend to affect the eyes, central nervous system or can cause widespread infection throughout the body.
• Acanthamoeba infection of the central nervous system: Infection by an amoebic organism called Acanthamoeba. Infection usually occurs when the amoeba enters through a break in the skin or through the nose. Infection can be localized or systemic where it can involve the central nervous system and cause potentially fatal meningoencephalitis. Infection of the eye can occur by cleaning contact lenses in contaminated water.
• Acoustic neuroma: A rare benign tumor that forms in the hearing canal. Can cause tinnitus, progressive hearing loss, headaches, facial numbness, papilledema, dizziness and an unsteady walk. Speaking and swallowing difficulty can occur in advanced stages. Also called acoustic neurilemoma, acoustic neurinoma and acoustic neurofibroma.
• Acute Bokhoror: A brain disease caused by an unknown pathogen which is probably from the Picornavirus family of viruses. Mode of transmission is uncertain but genetic susceptibility may be involved. The incubation period appears to be an average of 15 years. The disease can be classified according to rate of progression: acute or subacute, slowly progressive and chronic. Death is common in the acute phase of the infection which can last from four days to four months.
• Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A type of encephalitis that usually follows an acute viral infection and involves an immune attack on myelin tissue which is part of the nervous system. Initial symptoms include fever, headache, vomiting and drowsiness followed by seizures, coma and paralysis. Often results in permanent neurological disorders.
• Acute Pesticide poisoning - xylene: Xylene is an ingredient used in certain insecticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
• Acute Viliuisk Encephalitis: A brain disease caused by an unknown pathogen which is probably from the Picornavirus family of viruses. Mode of transmission is uncertain but genetic susceptibility may be involved. The incubation period appears to be an average of 15 years. The disease can be classified according to rate of progression: acute or subacute, slowly progressive and chronic. Death is common in the acute phase of the infection which can last from four days to four months.
• Acute Viliuisk Encephalomyelitis: A brain disease caused by an unknown pathogen which is probably from the Picornavirus family of viruses. Mode of transmission is uncertain but genetic susceptibility may be involved. The incubation period appears to be an average of 15 years. The disease can be classified according to rate of progression: acute or subacute, slowly progressive and chronic. Death is common in the acute phase of the infection which can last from four days to four months.
• Acute Vilyuisk Encephalitis: A brain disease caused by an unknown pathogen which is probably from the Picornavirus family of viruses. Mode of transmission is uncertain but genetic susceptibility may be involved. The incubation period appears to be an average of 15 years. The disease can be classified according to rate of progression: acute or subacute, slowly progressive and chronic. Death is common in the acute phase of the infection which can last from four days to four months.
• Acute Vilyuisk Encephalomyelitis: A brain disease caused by an unknown pathogen which is probably from the Picornavirus family of viruses. Mode of transmission is uncertain but genetic susceptibility may be involved. The incubation period appears to be an average of 15 years. The disease can be classified according to rate of progression: acute or subacute, slowly progressive and chronic. Death is common in the acute phase of the infection which can last from four days to four months.
• Adult progressive spinal muscular atrophy, Aran Duchenne type: A group of inherited motor neuron diseases involving progressive muscle weakness, wasting and paralysis due to degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Muscle weakness and wasting usually starts in the hands and may gradually spread to other muscle groups.
• Aerotitis syndrome: Trauma to the blood vessels in the ears caused by rapid changes in atmospheric pressure. Blockage of the Eustachian tube in the ear prevents equalization of air pressure and a vacuum develops inside the ear. Yawning or chewing can sometimes alleviate symptoms by opening up the Eustachian tube.
• Agenesis of the corpus callosum: Congenital absence of connective part of the brain.
• Aging brain syndrome: Aging processes in the brain can cause various psychological and neurological symptoms.
• Al Murrah-induced lead poisoning: Al Murrah is a folk remedy used mainly by Saudi Arabian people to treat problems such as stomach pain, diarrhea and colic. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Alarcon-induced lead poisoning: Alarcon is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Albayaidle-induced lead poisoning: Albayaidle is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican and Central American people to treat digestive or stomach problems such as vomiting and colic. It is also used to treat apathy and lethargy. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Albayalde-induced lead poisoning: Albayalde is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican and Central American people to treat digestive or stomach problems such as vomiting and colic. It is also used to treat apathy and lethargy. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Alcohol abuse: Excessive alcohol as a symptom of other conditions
• Alcohol drinking: The consumption of a drink containing alcohol. Alcohol consumption can cause varying degrees of impairment depending on the amount consumed. Consuming very large amounts of alcohol can lead to death.
• Alcohol-Induced Disorders: Disorders caused by excessive alcohol consumption. The symptoms are variable depending on the disorder involved. Some of the disorders are: alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol intoxication, alcohol withdrawal, alcohol intoxication delirium, alcohol withdrawal delirium, alcohol-induced persisting dementia, alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder, alcohol-induced psychotic disorder, alcohol-induced mood disorder, alcohol-induced anxiety disorder, alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction, alcohol-induced sleep disorder, liver damage, liver cancer and esophageal cancer.
• Alcoholic Neuropathy: Neurological changes due to nerve damage from long-term alcohol consumption
• Alexander Syndrome: Brain myelin disorder causing mental degeneration.
• Allergies: Immune system over-reaction to various substances.
• Alternating Hemiplegia: Episodes of one-sided paralysis.
• Alzheimer disease 10: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 10 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
• Alzheimer disease 12: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 12 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 8p12-q22.
• Alzheimer disease 13: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 14: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q25. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 15: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 3q22-q24. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 16: Alzheimer disease 16 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome Xq21.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 2, late-onset: Alzheimer disease 2 (late-onset) is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 19q13.2. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 3, (early-onset Alzheimer disease): Alzheimer disease 3 is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease 5: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 5 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 12p11.
• Alzheimer disease 6: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 6 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10q24.
• Alzheimer disease 7: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 7 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 10p13.
• Alzheimer disease 8: An inherited form of Alzheimer's. Type 8 is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 20p.
• Alzheimer disease 9: A genetic form of Alzheimer's. Type 9 has a late onset and is caused by a genetic defect on chromosome 19p13.2.
• Alzheimer disease, early-onset, with cerebral amyloid angiopathy: An early-onset form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q21. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 1: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 21q. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 11: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 9p22.1. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and apraxia: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and apraxia. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 3, with spastic paraparesis and unusual plaques: This form of Alzheimer's is an early-onset form of Alzheimer's that is linked to a defect on chromosome 14q24.3. It is characterized by features which are atypical for Alzheimer's - spastic paraparesis which occurs before the dementia symptoms and unusual plaques in the brain. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer disease, familial, 4: An inherited form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to a defect on chromosome 1q31-q42. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Alzheimer's disease: A progressive degenerative disease of the brain of unknown cause
• Ambien overdose: Ambien is a prescription drug mainly used to treat insomnia. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• Amphetamine abuse: Use of the stimulant drugs known as amphetamines or "speed"
• Amyloid Neuropathies: A peripheral nerve disorder caused by abnormal amyloid deposits in the nerves. Sensory, autonomic or motor nerves may be affected. The degree of nerve involvement, and hence symptoms, are variable.
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A degenerative motor neuron disease marked by weakness and wasting of the muscles which starts at the hands and legs and spreads to the rest of the body. Death occurs in 2 to 5 years. Also called Lou Gehrig's disease or wasting palsy.
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, type 6: An inherited disorder involving progressive degeneration of motor neurons which results in muscle weakness and wasting. Type 6 is caused by a defect on chromosome 16q12.
• Angelman syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by a puppet-like gait, fits of laughter and characteristic facial features.
• Apraxia: A disorder of skilled movement not due to tremors, weakness, akinesia or abnormal tone or posture.
• Arachnoid Cysts: A rare disorder involving a fluid-filled cysts on the arachnoid membrane which is one of the thin layers of tissue that form a membrane which covers the spinal cord and brain. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the size and location of the cyst.
• Arginase deficiency: A very rare urea cycle disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme (arginase) needed to convert ammonia to the urea which can then be removed in the urine. The condition leads to excess build-up of ammonia in the body which is toxic to the nervous system.
• Arnold-Chiari Malformation (Type 1): A rare malformation where the base of the brain enters into the upper spinal canal.
• Arnold-Chiari malformation type 3: An extremely rare malformation where the base of the brain enters into the upper spinal canal. Type 3 involves the herniation of brain or brain stem tissue out of the back of the neck or head. The condition generally has a poor prognosis.
• Arnold-Chiari malformation type 4: Arnold-Chiari malformation is a rare malformation where the base of the brain enters into the upper spinal canal. Type 4 actually involves a lack of development of a portion of the base of the brain (cerebellum). The prognosis is very poor with death often occurring during infancy.
• Arthritis: A condition which is characterized by the inflammation of a joint
• Aspartylglucosaminidase deficiency: A rare glycoprotein metabolism disorder caused by a deficiency of an enzyme called aspartylglucosaminidase. Patients tend to develop normally during the first few years of life and development continues slowly until adolescence when mental retardation becomes progressively worse.
• Aspartylglucosaminuria: A rare glycoprotein metabolism disorder caused by a deficiency of an enzyme called aspartylglucosaminidase. Patients tend to develop normally during the first few years of life and development continues slowly until adolescence when mental retardation becomes progressively worse.
• Aspartylglycosaminuria: A rare glycoprotein metabolism disorder caused by a deficiency of an enzyme called aspartylglucosaminidase. Patients tend to develop normally during the first few years of life and development continues slowly until adolescence when mental retardation becomes progressively worse.
• Asperger syndrome: A neuropsychiatric disorder mainly involving the inability to understand and becoming involved in social interaction.
• Astrocytoma: A malignant tumour of the nervous system composed of astrocytes.
• Ataxia: Failure of muscular coordination
• Ataxia Telangiectasia: A rare inherited childhood disorder involving progressive degeneration of the nervous system.
• Ataxia, episodic - vertigo - tinnitus - myokymia: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness as well as tinnitus and vertigo. Stress, exhaustion, sudden movements and exertion may trigger the episodes. It is caused by a defect on chromosome 1q42.
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Behavioral disorder with hyperactivity and/or inattention.
• Australian Umbrella Tree poisoning: The Australian Umbrella tree is an evergreen shrub or tree which originated in Asia. The sap of the plant contains oxalate which can cause irritation symptoms. Skin contact with the sap from the plant can result in irritation and eating parts of the plant can cause symptoms. The plant is considered to have low toxicity if eaten and skin irritation tends to be minor.
• Autoimmune inner ear disease: A rare disorder where the body's own immune system attacks the inner ear.
• Azarcon-induced lead poisoning: Azarcon is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• BANF acoustic neurinoma: A type of tumor that affects hearing and is associated with a condition called BANF (bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis). The tumor is benign an occurs in the cells that form the myelin sheath of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The symptoms vary depending on the size and exact location of the nerve. The tumor may become large enough to compress against various cranial nerves or even the brainstem.
• Ba Bow Sen-induced lead poisoning: Ba Bow Sen is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat childhood hyperactivity and to alleviate nightmares. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Balance symptoms: Problems with balance or vertigo
• Bali goli-induced lead poisoning: Bali goli (flat black bean) is a folk remedy used mainly by Indian and Asian people to treat intestinal problems. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Baltic myoclonic epilepsy: A rare inherited type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy which tends to cause symptoms during childhood. The involuntary muscle movements tend to occur more frequently and become more severe with increasing age. Symptoms may occur following various stimuli such as light, stress or exercise.
• Barbiturate abuse: Abuse of barbiturate medications
• Barre-Lieou syndrome: A rare condition where trauma (such as pinching by adjacent vertebrae or arthritis) to the sympathetic nerves located in the spinal area of the neck results in a variety of neurological symptoms.
• Bartschi-Rochaix syndrome: A range of symptoms caused by compression of the cerebral artery.
• Basilar Migraine: Variant form of migraine headache seen mainly in teenage girls, giving complex neurological symptoms prior to onset and during the migraine
• Basilar artery insufficiency syndrome: A range of symptoms caused by impaired blood flow through the basilar artery. The symptoms may come and go according to variation in blood flow through the basilar artery. The blood flow may be impaired by such things as thrombosis, narrowed artery and blood vessel spasms. Symptoms vary depending on the exact location and extent of the artery involvement as well as whether the onset is gradual or sudden.
• Basilar artery migraine: Basilar migraine (BM), also known as Bickerstaff syndrome, consists of headache accompanied by dizziness, ataxia, tinnitus, decreased hearing, nausea and vomiting, dysarthria, diplopia, loss of balance, bilateral paresthesias or paresis, altered consciousness, syncope, and sometimes loss of consciousness.
• Batten Disease: Rare childhood genetic degenerative nerve system disease.
• Batten-Turner muscular dystrophy: A benign form of congenital muscular dystrophy involving relatively minor muscle wasting. The condition progresses slowly until adulthood.
• Behcet's Disease: Recurring inflammation of small blood vessels affecting various areas.
• Behr syndrome: A rare inherited neurological condition characterized by spastic paraplegia and sometimes optic atrophy.
• Benign Fasciculation Syndrome: Common movement disorder manifesting in a fine (fast) tremor; it is an inherited condition of unknown cause.
• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A condition where certain head movements cause extreme dizziness.
• Bhaskar-Jagannathan syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by long, thin fingers, amino acids in the urine, cataracts (during infancy), incoordination and delayed development.
• Binswanger's Disease: A type of senile dementia characterized by chronic cerebrovascular disease.
• Bint Al Zahab-induced lead poisoning: Bint Al Zahab is a folk remedy used by various ethnic groups (e.g. Indians, Saudi Arabians) to treat infant colic and to facilitate the passage of meconium in newborns. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Biotinidase deficiency: A metabolic disorder where the body lacks the enzyme biotinidase needed to process the vitamin called biotin (vitamin H) into carboxylase enzymes.
• Bog rosemary poisoning: Bog rosemary is a type of heath found in bogs and cold peat areas of the more northern parts of the world. It is a small shrub with tall thin stems. The flowers are whit or pink. The plant contains a chemical called grayanotoxin which can cause various symptoms if eaten. The plant is only considered poisonous if large amounts are eaten.
• Bokhoor-induced lead poisoning: Bokhoor is a traditional used mainly by Saudi Arabian people to calm infants - it involves burning wood and lead sulphide and inhaling the fumes that are produced. This practice has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to the relatively high exposure to lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Bonnier's syndrome: A range of symptoms caused by damage to Dieter's nucleus (the lateral nucleus of the vestibular nerve) or its connections.
• Bracken fern poisoning: Bracken fern is a type of fern which contains chemicals (glycoside and thiaminase) and can cause symptoms if eaten. The plant is considered to have a relatively low level of toxicity. The new leaf growths (fiddleheads) are actually safely edible.
• Brain symptoms: Symptoms affecting the brain
• Brain tumor, adult: A growth or tumor that develops in the tissues of the brain in adults. The tumor can be benign or malignant.
• Breynia officinalis poisoning: Ingestion of the Breynia officinalis plant can cause irritation to mucosal linings and liver problems. The plant is often used as a herbal drug (Chi R Yun) to treat such things as poor growth, heart failure and venereal disease.
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A condition which is characterized by dysplasia of the brochopulmonary vessels
• Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: A very rare progressive disorder characterized by nerve deafness and cranial (and sometimes spinal) nerve paralysis.
• Brun's syndrome: Various neurological symptoms caused by an obstruction of the flow of cerebrospinal fluid with certain head postures. The obstruction is often due to some sort of brain tumor or cyst. Symptoms come and go depending on the position of the head.
• Bárány syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by various symptoms associated with a headache that occurs on one side of the back of the head.
• CDG syndrome type 1A: A very rare inherited metabolic disorder where defective carbohydrate compounds are attached to glycoproteins and thus impairing glycoprotein function. Type 1A involves a phosphomannomutase enzyme defect and affects most body systems especially the nervous system and liver function.
• Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1 deficiency: A very rare inherited urea cycle disorder where the lack of the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthetase prevents ammonia from being turned into urea and being excreted in the urine. Excess ammonia builds up in the body which can cause serious complications or even death if left untreated.
• Catamenial seizure: A type of seizure that is associated with the female menstrual cycle. It appears that flucutations in hormone levels leads to increased seizure activity in some women just before or during their menstrual cycle. Simple or complex partial seizures or generalized tonic-clonic seizures may be involved.
• Cebagin-induced lead poisoning: Cebagin is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Central pontine myelinolysis: A rare condition where the protective layer around brainstem nerve cells is destroyed which prevents nerve signals being transmitted properly. It generally occurs in response to a rapid change in sodium levels in the body which can be caused by treatment of various conditions or by various conditions that cause rapid sodium level changes.
• Cerebellar ataxia - ectodermal dysplasia: A rare syndrome characterized by balance and coordination problems and teeth and hair abnormalities.
• Cerebellar hypoplasia: A rare brain disorder where a part of the brain (cerebellum) fails to develop fully. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance and movement.
• Cerebral Palsy: Any brain disorder causing movement disability
• Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 2, late infantile type: A rare inherited biochemical disorder involving the progressive accumulation of certain chemicals (lipopigments) in body tissues due to deficiency of an enzyme (protease tri-peptidyl-peptidase) needed to process it.
• Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 7: A rare metabolic disorder that affects the nerve cells of the body and is characterized by the deposits of lipopigments (lipofuscin). Type 7 is distinguished from other types by the origin of the genetic defect.
• Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 8: A rare metabolic disorder that affects the nerve cells of the body and is characterized by the deposits of lipopigments (lipofuscin). Type 8 is distinguished from other types by the origin of the genetic defect.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disorder: Degeneration of limb muscles.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (generic term): A group of inherited neurological disorders characterized by problems with the peripheral nerves. Muscle weakness, muscle wasting and sensory problems are the most common symptoms. The severity and age of onset of symptoms varies depending on the specific subtype of the disorder.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease - deafness: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and deafness involves the usual CMT symptoms as well as deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with pyramidal features, autosomal dominant: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 5 has an autosomal dominant inheritance, progresses slowly and involves movement disorders.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1A is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves the duplication of the PMP22 gene on chromosome 17.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1B: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1B is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves a defect in the MPZ gene on chromosome 1. The severity of the condition is variable depending on the age of onset with severe infantile cases resulting in the inability to walk at an early age.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1C is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern and involves a defect in the LITAF/SIMPLE gene on chromosome 16.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1D: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1D is caused by a defect of the ERG2 gene on chromosome 10 and usually results in a severe form of the disease.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1E involves the usual CMT symptoms as well as deafness.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 1F: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 1F is caused by a defect of a gene in chromosome 8 and involves the neurofilament light chain protein.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2AI: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2A1 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the KIF1B gene on chromosome 1p36.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2AII: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2A2 has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the MFN2 gene on chromosome 1p36.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2C has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in chromosome 12 and involves diaphragm and vocal cord weakness as well as hand and foot problems.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2D: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2D has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the glycyl RNA synthetase gene on chromosome 7p15. The hands tend to be more severely affected than the feet.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 2E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 2C has an autosomal dominant inheritance and involves a defect in the neurofilament light gene on chromosome 8p21.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4A: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4A has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the GDAP 1 protein gene on chromosome 8. The recessive forms of CMT tend to be more severe than the dominant form and often involve hand and foot problems as well as additional systemic symptoms.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4B1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B1 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in MTMR2 gene on chromosome 11.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4C: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B2 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the KIAA1985 gene on chromosome 5. It involves motor and sensory problems as well as scoliosis.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4E: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4B2 has an autosomal recessive inheritance and involves a defect in the EGR2 gene on chromosome 10.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4F: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4F has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease. It involves a defect in the PRX gene on Chromosome 19q13.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Type 4G: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4G has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease. It involves a defect on Chromosome 10.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked, 1: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type X1 is an inherited defect of the X chromosome (defect in GJB1 gene) and affects males to a greater degree than females. Transient central nervous system symptoms are also sometimes involved.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4: A rare group of demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathies consisting of a number of subtypes. The various subtypes are caused by different genetic defects.
• Charcot-Marie-Tooth, demyelinating, autosomal recessive: CMT is an inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in progressive numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. Type 4 has an autosomal recessive form of inheritance and is a severe form of the disease.
• Chemical poisoning - 1-Propanol: 1-Propanol is a chemical used in various antiseptics, polishes, cleaners, cosmetics and lacquer. The main effects of an overdose of this chemical is depression of the central nervous system. However, some people can suffer an adverse reaction to the chemical.
• Chemical poisoning - 2,4-Dinitrotoluene: 2,4-Dinitrotoluene is a chemical used the production of explosives, vehicle air bags and polyurethane polymers. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Bromide: Bromide is a chemical used for many applications - flame retardant, industrial uses, pesticides, sanitary products, fumigants, medicines, dyes, photographic solutions and water purification. Bromides act as central nervous system depressants and the ingestion of excessive quantities can cause serious symptoms. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chloralose: Chloralose is a chemical used mainly in poisons for rodents and crows . Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chlorinated naphthalene: Chlorinated naphthalene is a chemical used in a wide range of applications: plasticizers, rubber industries, manufacture of electrical equipment and the petroleum industry. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chloromethane: Chloromethane is a chemical used mainly in the production of silicones as well as agricultural chemicals, butyl rubber and other products. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The chemical is readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Ethylbenzene: Ethylbenzene is a chemical used mainly in paint thinners, fuels, asphalt, degreasers, manufacture of various as products and as a solvent. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Gasoline: Gasoline is a chemical used as a fuel for combustion engines. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Kratom: Kratom is a plant used to make a tea which produce similar effects to opium . Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Phosphine: Phosphine is a chemical used mainly in pesticides and rodenticides. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Propylene Glycol Dinitrate: Propylene Glycol Dinitrate is a chemical used mainly as a propellant or occasionally in explosives. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chiari Malformation: Protrusion of the brain down the spinal column.
• Childhood-onset cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: A rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of the protective sheath around nerves resulting in increasing difficulty. The childhood cerebral form of the condition is the most severe.
• Chorea: The occurrence of rapid, jerky, dyskinetic movements that are involuntary
• Choreoathetosis-spasticity, episodic: A dominantly inherited movement disorder characterized by episodes of involuntary movments. Symptom episodes are often triggered by fatigue, alcohol, physical exertion and stress.
• Chromosome 15 Ring: A rare chromosomal disorder where genetic material from one or both ends of chromosome 15 is missing and the two broken ends have rejoined to form a ring. The resulting type and severity of symptoms is determined by the amount and location of genetic material missing.
• Chromosome 18 deletion syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 18 is missing.
• Chromosome 18, Tetrasomy 18p: A rare chromosomal disorder where there are four copies of short arm of chromosome 18 instead of the normal two which results in various genital, kidney, digital, head and face abnormalities.
• Chromosome 18q, partial deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder involving deletion of genetic material from the long arm of chromosome 18. The type and severity of symptoms are determined by the amount and location of the lost genetic material.
• Chromosome 20 ring: A rare chromosomal disorder where genetic material from one or both ends of chromosome 20 is missing and the two broken ends have rejoined to form a ring. The resulting type and severity of symptoms is determined by the amount and location of genetic material missing.
• Chromosome 20p, partial duplication: A rare chromosomal disorder where a copy of the short arm of chromosome 20 has been triplicated instead of duplicated resulting in various anomalies.
• Chromosome 22 Ring: A rare chromosomal disorder where genetic material from one or both ends of chromosome 22 is missing and the two broken ends have rejoined to form a ring. The resulting type and severity of symptoms is determined by the amount and location of genetic material missing.
• Chromosome 8, mosaic trisomy: A very rare chromosomal disorder where there is an extra copy of chromosome 8 in some of the body's cells. Some cases with this chromosomal abnormality have no clinical symptoms. The presence of abnormalities in some cases is dependent on which body cells contain the chromosomal defect.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Long-term and generally irreversible disease of the kidneys due to infection, obstruction, congenital diseases or generalised diseases causing failure of the kidneys' normal functions.
• Chronic Pesticide poisoning - xylene: Xylene is an ingredient used in certain insecticides. Exposure to the chemical can cause a range of symptoms depending on the level and route of exposure. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, the skin or eyes. Acute exposure involves a exposure over a short period of time whereas chronic exposure occurs over a longer period of time.
• Chuifong tokuwan-induced lead poisoning: Chuifong tokuwan is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian people to arthritis and other pain. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Citrullinemia: Citrullinemia is an inherited urea cycle disorder which causes toxic substances including ammonia to build up in the blood. There are two main subtypes of Citrullinemia (I and II) which are caused by different genetic abnormalities and result in different symptoms. Milder forms may present in childhood and rare late-onset forms (adult-onset) may not cause symptoms until adulthood.
• Citrullinemia I, later-onset: A very rare urea cycle disorder where a lack of the enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase prevents ammonia being turned into urea which can then be excreted in the urine. The build up of ammonia in the body can cause harmful effects. The later-onset form of citrullinemia type I is generally milder than the neonatal form and may sometimes be mild enough to produce no symptoms.
• Classic childhood ALD: Classic severe form of ALD in boys.
• Clumsiness: Clumsy motions or poor coordination
• Cochleosaccular degeneration of the inner ear and progressive cataracts: A very rare syndrome characterized by cataracts and progressive damage of certain inner ear structures (cochlea and saccule) which results in progressive deafness and vision problems.
• Coffin-Lowry syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by down slanting space between eyelids, bulbous nose, soft hands and tapering fingers.
• Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by the association of glaucoma at birth with a form of ataxia.
• Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Type Ia: A very rare inherited metabolic disorder where defective carbohydrate compounds are attached to glycoproteins and thus impairing glycoprotein function. Type 1A involves a phosphomannomutase enzyme defect and affects most body systems especially the nervous system and liver function.
• Congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1A: A very rare inherited metabolic disorder where defective carbohydrate compounds are attached to glycoproteins and thus impairing glycoprotein function. Type 1A involves a phosphomannomutase enzyme defect and affects most body systems especially the nervous system and liver function.
• Congenital stenosis of cervical medullary canal: A rare birth anomaly where the spinal canal in the upper part of the back is narrower than normal. The narrowing may be inherited or acquired (e.g. trauma). The narrowing of the canal can result in spinal cord compression and associated symptoms.
• Coordination problems: Symptoms affecting physical coordination.
• Cordyceps-induced lead poisoning: Cordyceps is a folk remedy by Chinese people to treat high blood pressure, bleeding problems and diabetes. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Corn Lily poisoning: Corn Lily is a poisonous plant native to the Sierra Nevada mountains. It's appearance is similar to the corn grown as a crop. The plant poison primarily affects the nervous system.
• Corpus callosum agenesis: A very rare congenital abnormality where part or all of the fibers that connect the two halves of the brain (corpus callosum) are missing.
• Corticobasal Degeneration: A rare progressive neurological disorder where parts of the brain deteriorate.
• Creatine deficiency, X-linked: A rare inherited disorder characterized mainly by mental retardation, seizures, short stature and facial anomalies. The disorder is caused by the absence of a compound needed to transport creatine and thus creatine levels may be normal or high, but the body is unable to utilize it.
• Cycad nut poisoning: The cycad nut contains a toxic chemical called cyasin which can be leeched out by soaking in water. The nuts are often used as a food source but it is important to leech out the toxic chemicals first. Eating nuts that still contain the toxin can cause serious symptoms. Cycad nuts may also increase the risk of developing liver cancer.
• Cysticercosis: An infectious disease caused by the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. If the larvae are ingested then a mild or asymptomatic tapeworm infection occurs. However, ingested eggs pass into the bloodstream where they can then enter various tissues and form the cysts that characterize cysticercosis.
• Dandy-Walker Syndrome: A congenital brain malformation characterized by increased fluid in the brain.
• Darvocet overdose: Darvocet is a prescription drug mainly used to treat pain. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• De Grouchy Syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 18 is missing. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount and exact location of the genetic material that is deleted.
• Deafness: Partial or complete hearing loss
• Deafness mixed with perilymphatic Gusher, X-linked: An inherited inner ear defect (stapes fixation) which causes progressive hearing loss. Perilymphatic gusher is a complication that can be associated with surgery to correct the inner ear defect. The severity and rate of progression of the hearing loss is variable. The hearing loss may be mixed or sensorineural.
• Deafness progressive cataract autosomal dominant: A rare dominantly inherited disorder characterized by deafness and progressive cataracts. The deafness is caused by degeneration of a part of the inner ear . The hearing loss can start in the 3rd decade of life and cataracts occur before the 5th decade.
• Deafness, Conductive with Stapes Fixation: An inherited inner ear defect (stapes fixation) which causes progressive hearing loss. A perilymphatic gusher can occur as a complication of surgery to correct the inner ear defect. The severity and rate of progression of the hearing loss is variable.
• Deafness, X-Linked 2: A X-linked form of hearing loss that occurs without any other symptoms - i.e. is not associated with any other condition. The hearing loss is evident in males but females can be carriers. Surgery to correct the underlying inner ear defect can lead to the development of a perilymphatic gusher which can further impair hearing. Type 2 is linked to a defect on chromosome Xq21.1.
• Deafness, X-Linked 3: A X-linked form of hearing loss that occurs without any other symptoms - i.e. is not associated with any other condition. The hearing loss is evident in males but females can be carriers. Surgery to correct the underlying inner ear defect can lead to the development of a perilymphatic gusher which can further impair hearing. Type 3 is linked to a defect on chromosome Xp21.2.
• Deletion 18q: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 18 is missing. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount and exact location of the genetic material that is deleted.
• Demyelinating disorder: Any condition that is characterised by the destruction of the myelin sheaths of the nerves
• Dentatorubral Pallidoluysian Atrophy: A condition caused by an abnormality of the DNA sequence on chromosome 12
• Deshi Dewa-induced lead poisoning: Deshi Dewa is a folk remedy by Indian people as a fertility medicine. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Diabetes-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of diabetes
• Dizziness: Feelings of lightheadedness or giddiness.
• Down Syndrome: A chromosome syndrome causing physical effects and mental retardation.
• Down's Syndrome associated Alzheimer's disease: Early-onset Alzheimer's is more prevalent in Down's Syndrome sufferers than in the general population. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: An inherited degenerative disease of the muscles which progresses rapidly compared to other muscle wasting diseases.
• Dyck Syndrome: A very rare condition observe in two brothers. It involves vision, hearing, muscle, sensory and adrenal system problems and an enlarged liver and spleen.
• Dysphasic dementia, hereditary: An inherited form of dementia caused by nerve degeneration.
• Eagle's syndrome: A group of symptoms caused by calcification of the stylohyoid ligament and an abnormally long styloid process. The styloid process is a bone at the base of the skull which is attached to muscles and ligaments connected to the throat and tongue. If this bone is too long then actions such as swallowing and turning the head can cause pain and discomfort. The cause of the condition is unknown but trauma and inflammation may be the cause in some cases.
• Ear conditions: Any condition that affects the ear
• Ear infection: Any infection of the ear (called otitis)
• Ear infection (infant): An infection that affects the ear
• Ear symptoms: Symptoms affecting the ear or hearing
• Early-onset Alzheimer's: Early-onset Alzheimer's is a form of Alzheimer's disease that is linked to genetic defects or occurs in a familial pattern. It is not as common as the non-inherited form of Alzheimer's - occurs in up to 90% of Alzheimer sufferers. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Type I: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by hyperextensible joints, hyperextensible skin and poor wound healing.
• Encephalitis: Infection of the brain (as a symptom)
• Encephalopathy due to GLUT1 deficiency: A rare inherited metabolic disorder where a genetic mutation results in the deficiency of an enzyme called glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase which is required to metabolise certain amino acids (lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan). Problems occur when these metabolites build up in the body and cause neurological problems. Symptoms often develop following an acute infection or fasting. The severity of the condition is highly variable from development of neurological symptoms during infancy to asymptomatic adults. The degree of enzyme deficiency will usually determine the severity.
• Endolymphatic sac tumors (ELST's) in Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) disease: A tumor that develops in the endolymph sacs which are structures inside the ear. These tumors occur predominantly in patients suffering from Von Hippel Landau disease. The tumors don't metastasize.
• Ependymoma: A tumor that occurs in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Symptoms vary according to the aggressiveness, size and exact location of the tumor.
• Episodic ataxia syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes.
• Episodic ataxia, type 1: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness and continuous muscle movement (myokymia). Stress and exertion may trigger the ataxic episodes which usually last for only a few minutes and can occur several times a day. Type 1 is caused by a defect in the potassium channel gene on chromosome 12p13.
• Episodic ataxia, type 2: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness as well as nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements). Stress, exertion, alcohol and coffee may trigger the episodes which can last from hours to days. Type 2 is caused by a defect in the calcium ion gene on chromosome 19p13.
• Episodic ataxia, type 3: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness as well as tinnitus and vertigo. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes. Type 3 is caused by a defect on chromosome 1q42.
• Episodic ataxia, type 4: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes. Type 4 is distinguished from the other types by it's late onset - 3rd to 6th decade.
• Episodic ataxia, type 5: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination, unsteadiness and seizures. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes. Type 5 is caused by a defect on chromosome 2q22-q23.
• Episodic ataxia, type 6: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes which tend to last for about half an hour. Type 6 is extremely rare and is caused by a defect on chromosome 5p13.
• Episodic ataxia, type 7: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness which lasted from hours to days. Episodes occurred from monthly to yearly and the frequency tends to lessen with age. Stress and exertion may trigger the episodes. Type 7 is caused by a defect on chromosome 19q13.
• Extradural hematoma: Bleeding in the skull outside the brain
• Fabry's Disease: An inherited metabolic disorder where phospholipids are deposited mostly in the blood vessels as well as other tissues and organs. Symptoms include skin lesions, small red spots on the abdomen, thighs and scrotum, fever, peripheral edema, hypertension and renal failure. Also called angiokeratoma corporis diffusion, Anderson's syndrome, Anderson-Fabry disease, Morbus Anderson-Fabry, Ruiter-Pompen syndrome or Sweeley-Klionsky disease.
• Facial clefting corpus callosum agenesis: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of facial clefts with a brain defect where the structure between the two halves of the brain (corpus callosum) fails to develop. Symptoms may vary somewhat depending on how much of the corpus callosum is missing and the extent of the facial clefting.
• Fainting: Feeling of lightheadedness and falling over
• Falling: The unintentional motion of falling
• Falls: Recurrent unintentional falls
• Familial Forms of Alzheimer's Disease: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour. Familial forms of the disease tend to run in families and are linked to mutations on various genes. Chromosome 1, 14 19 and 21 are the main chromosomes where mutations resulting in Alzheimer's are located..
• Familial dysautonomia: An inherited biochemical disorder that primarily affects the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
• Familial isolated deficiency of vitamin E: A rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by an inherited condition where the body is unable to absorb vitamin E from the food consumed.
• Farouk-induced lead poisoning: Farouk is a folk remedy by Saudi Arabian people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Fetal alcohol syndrome: A condition which occurs in a new born fetus and is caused by the mother consuming excess alcohol during her pregnancy
• Focal seizure: A focal seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in only one part of the brain and resulting in symptoms related to the body functions or parts that are controlled by that part of the brain. During a focal seizure, movement, sensations, feelings or emotions may be affected. Focal seizures may spread to other parts of the brain and are then called generalized focal seizures. Focal seizures where the patient stays conscious are called simple focal seizures. If the patient loses consciousness then the seizure is called a complex focal seizure. Epilepsy is usually a focal seizure.
• Friedreich ataxia: A progressive inherited neuromuscular disorder involving slow degeneration of the spinal cord and brain.
• Friedreich ataxia - congenital glaucoma: A rare disorder characterized by glaucoma at birth and a progressive neuromuscular disorder.
• Ganglioglioma: A type of tumor that develops in the central nervous system. The tumor originates from glial and nerve cells. The tumor may grow rapidly and symptom will vary depending on the exact location and size of the tumor.
• Generalized seizures: Abnormal electrical activity that starts in larger areas of the brain and involves both sides of the brain. Various symptoms occur depending on the part of the brain involved. Symptoms generally last for a matter of minutes but full recovery may take hours. Often patients are confused and tired after a seizure episode.
• Gerlier disease: A disease that occurs usually in farm workers who are exposed to cattle. The condition is usually seen in some parts of Switzerland. Symptoms tend to resolve themselves within a few months.
• Ghasard-induced lead poisoning: Ghasard is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Asian and Indian people as a tonic (usually for indigestion). This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Giddiness: A feeling on unease and unsteadiness
• Glioma: A rare type of tumor that occurs from glial cells that make up the central nervous system. These tumors usually occur in the brain but can also occur in the spinal cord and other nerves such as the optic nerve. Symptoms depend on the size and location of the tumor.
• Gliomatosis cerebri: A rare, aggressive type of malignant brain tumor. Cancerous glial cells infiltrate various parts of the brain and can result in a variety of symptoms.
• Gliosarcoma: A type of brain tumor that originates from glial cells. The tumor may grow rapidly and symptom will vary depending on the exact location and size of the tumor.
• Glutaric aciduria 1: A rare inherited metabolic disorder where a genetic mutation results in the deficiency of an enzyme called glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase which is required to metabolise certain amino acids (lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan). Problems occur when these metabolites build up in the body and cause neurological problems. Symptoms often develop following an acute infection or fasting. The severity of the condition is highly variable from development of neurological symptoms during infancy to asymptomatic adults. The degree of enzyme deficiency will usually determine the severity.
• Glutaricaciduria type 1: A rare inherited metabolic disorder where a genetic mutation results in the deficiency of an enzyme called glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase which is required to metabolise certain amino acids (lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan). Problems occur when these metabolites build up in the body and cause neurological problems. Symptoms often develop following an acute infection or fasting. The severity of the condition is highly variable from development of neurological symptoms during infancy to asymptomatic adults. The degree of enzyme deficiency will usually determine the severity.
• Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: A rare inherited metabolic disorder where a genetic mutation results in the deficiency of an enzyme called glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase which is required to metabolise certain amino acids (lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan). Problems occur when these metabolites build up in the body and cause neurological problems. Symptoms often develop following an acute infection or fasting. The severity of the condition is highly variable from development of neurological symptoms during infancy to asymptomatic adults. The degree of enzyme deficiency will usually determine the severity.
• Glutathione synthetase deficiency, severe: An inborn error of metabolism where insufficient glutathione is produced. Glutathione is an antioxidant which helps destroy unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells and helps develop certain cell components. The condition is due to insufficient glutathione synthetase enzyme. The condition may range from mild, resulting in excessive destruction of red blood cells, to severe which includes neurological symptoms.
• Glénard syndrome: The downward displacement of internal organs.
• Grand mal seizures: A condition which is characterized by the sudden onset of generalized muscle spasms and loss of consciousness
• Granulomatous amebic encephalitis: Brain/CNS infection from Acanthamoeba bacteria
• Greta-induced lead poisoning: Greta is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Gräsbeck-Imerslund disease: A rare genetic blood disorder where a defect in the vitamin B12 receptor means that it can't be absorbed from food during digestion. As a result of the low vitamin B12 levels, the body produces increased numbers of abnormal enlarged red blood cells (megaloblasts).
• HHV-6 encephalitis: A rare condition that usually occurs in immunocompromised people such as those undergoing transplants or HIV patients. The condition causes neurological symptoms.
• HIV/AIDS: HIV is a sexually transmitted virus and AIDS is the progressive immune failure that HIV causes.
• Hai Ge Fen-induced lead poisoning: Hai Ge Fen is clamshell powder used mainly by Chinese people to make traditional Chinese herbal medicines. This product has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Harding ataxia: A rare neurological disorder primarily involving poor balance and coordination while tendon reflexes are not affected.
• Hashimoto's encephalitis: A rare form of brain disease and inflammation.
• Hearing impairment: Impaired ability to hear.
• Heat exhaustion: major cause of preventable morbidity worldwide
• Hemangioblastoma: A benign tumor that tends to occur in the central nervous system such as the brain and spinal cord. The tumor arises from the stem cells that develop into blood vessels or blood cells (hemangioblasts). Symptoms vary depending on the exact location and size of the tumor.
• Henna-induced lead poisoning: Henna is used mainly by Middle Eastern people as a hair and skin dye. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Herbal Agent adverse reaction - Sassafras Oil: Sassafras Oil can be used as a herbal agent to treat skin irritation such as insect bites. The herbal agent contains a chemical called safrole which can cause harmful effects if ingested .
• Herbal Agent overdose - Melaleuca Oil: Melaleuca Oil can be used as a herbal agent to treat fungal infections, prevent bacterial infections and to assist in the healing of skin burns. The herbal agent contains a variety of chemicals (plant terpenes, cineole, pinene) which can cause various symptoms if excessive quantities are taken.
• Herbal Agent overdose - Peppermint Oil: Peppermint Oil can be used as an antispasmodic (to treat nausea, dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome) and as an antibacterial. The herbal agent contains various chemicals (menthol, menthone, methyl acetate) which can cause symptoms if excessive quantities are taken.
• Herbal Agent overdose - Wormwood: Wormwood can be used to treat worm infestations and as a sedative or hair tonic. The herbal agent contains chemicals which can cause various symptoms if excessive quantities are taken.
• Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A slow-progressing degeneration of the tract that connects the brain to the spinal cord (corticospinal tract) resulting in muscle spasticity, weakness and paralysis. The severity of symptoms is determined by the nature and extent of the damage.
• Hereditary cerebellar ataxia syndrome of early onset: An inherited form of cerebellar ataxia which has an early onset.
• Hereditary inclusion body myopathy - joint contractures - ophthalmoplegia: A very rare, dominantly inherited genetic disorder involving progressive muscle weakness and wasting, joint contractures at birth and ophthalmoplegia. Muscle function problems usually don't start until the 4th or 5th decade of life.
• Hereditary non-progressive cerebellar ataxia syndrome of early onset: An inherited form of cerebellar ataxia which has an early onset and is not progressive.
• Hereditary paroxysmal cerebral ataxia: A rare genetic disorder characterized by episodes of incoordination and unsteadiness as well as nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movements). Stress, exertion, alcohol and coffee may trigger the episodes which can last from minutes to days.
• Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy 3: A very rare inherited disorder affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system and characterized by reduced tear production, excessive sweating, poor body temperature control, blood pressure problems, impaired sensation and poor muscle control.
• Herpes zoster oticus: Facial and auditory effects of herpes zoster
• Hip Replacement: The replacement of a hip with an synthetic joint
• Hip conditions: Any condition that affects the hip
• Hip injury: Any injury that affects the hip
• Hoigné syndrome: Embolism (blood vessel blockage) and neurological problems associated with a procaine penicillin injection into the muscle. The condition is believed to be caused by some of the drug getting into the blood stream.
• Homen syndrome: Lesion on a part of the brain called the lenticular nucleus which is involved in movement.
• Homocystinuria: A rare inherited metabolic disorder involving the amino acid methionine and resulting in a harmful accumulation of homocysteine in the body.
• Homocystinuria due to defect in methylation (cbl g): An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (methionine synthase) impairs the body's ability to break down certain proteins consumed in the diet. This results in a buildup of methylmalonic acid and homocystine which results in harmful affects. It is a form of vitamin B12 deficiency.
• Homocystinuria due to defect in methylation cbl e: An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (methionine synthase reductase) impairs the body's ability to break down certain proteins consumed in the diet. This results in a buildup of methylmalonic acid and homocystine which results in harmful affects. It is a form of vitamin B12 deficiency.
• Homocystinuria syndrome: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder caused by an enzyme deficiency and characterized by dislocation of eye lens, malar flush and osteoporosis.
• Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by retarded growth, a small head, anemia, immunodeficiency and an underdeveloped brain (cerebellum).
• Huntington's disease: Inherited disease causing progressive mental deterioration.
• Hydrocephalus: A condition which is characterized by marked dilatation of the cerebral ventricles
• Hyperostosis frontalis interna: A disorder where the front bone of the skull becomes thicker than normal.
• Hypertrophic neuropathy of Dejerine-Sottas: An inherited neurological disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of nerves which starts in the hands and feet and results in numbness, muscle weakness and loss of function. The severity of the condition is variable.
• Hypnic jerk: An involuntary muscle twitch that occurs in the transition between wakefulness and sleep. Patients are more prone to these twitches if they have a poor sleeping pattern or have been sleep deprived. The twitches usually only occur one or two times a night and are generally considered harmless.
• Hypomagnesemia primary: Low blood magnesium levels which is caused by the abnormal absorption and excretion of the mineral and can be caused by such things as kidney problems and intestinal malabsorption.
• Idiopathic Parkinson's disease: Idiopathic Parkinson's disease is Parkinson's disease for which no particular cause can be determined - it is the most prevalent form of the condition. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Imbalance: A inability to adequately balance on two feet with consideration to age
• Imerslünd-Grasbeck Syndrome: A rare genetic blood disorder where a defect in the vitamin B12 receptor means that it can't be absorbed from food during digestion. As a result of the low vitamin B12 levels, the body produces increased numbers of abnormal enlarged red blood cells (megaloblasts).
• Impaired coordination: The impairment of ones coordination
• Inclusion Body Myositis: Progressive inflammatory muscle disease causing muscle weakness.
• Inclusion body myopathy 3, autosomal dominant: A very rare, dominantly inherited genetic disorder involving progressive muscle weakness and wasting, joint contractures at birth and ophthalmoplegia. Muscle function problems usually don't start until the 4th or 5th decade of life.
• Inclusion body myopathy, autosomal dominant: A dominantly inherited muscle wasting disorder in which the thigh muscles are affected first. The rate of progression and severity can vary amongst patients.
• Inclusion body myopathy, type 3: A dominantly inherited muscle wasting disorder in which the thigh and chest muscles are affected first. The rate of progression and severity can vary amongst patients. Contractures occur from birth and muscle weakness becomes progressive during adulthood (usually between the ages of 30 and 50 years).
• Inclusion body myopathy, type 3 (IBM3): A dominantly inherited muscle wasting disorder in which the thigh and chest muscles are affected first. The rate of progression and severity can vary amongst patients. Contractures occur from birth and muscle weakness becomes progressive during adulthood (usually between the ages of 30 and 50 years).
• Inclusion body myopathy, type 3, autosomal dominant: A dominantly inherited muscle wasting disorder in which the thigh and chest muscles are affected first. The rate of progression and severity can vary amongst patients. Contractures occur from birth and muscle weakness becomes progressive during adulthood (usually between the ages of 30 and 50 years).
• Increased risk of falls:
• Infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia: A rare disorder that has neurological origins and causes progressive ataxia, impaired tendon reflexes, abnormal limb movements, and sensory, eye muscle and hearing impairment.
• Infantile sialic acid storage disorder: A rare inherited biochemical disorder characterized by the accumulation of sialic acid in the tissues and excretion of sialic acid in the urine. The disorder results in death within the first few years of life - usually in infancy.
• Intracranial Embolism: Blockage of a blood vessel inside the skull and affects blood flow to parts of the brain. The severity of the condition is variable depending on the size, location and duration of the blockage.
• Intracranial Hemorrhages: Bleeding inside the skull. The condition is a medical emergency and the greater the bleeding, the more severe the condition.
• Intracranial arachnoid cysts: A rare disorder involving a fluid-filled cysts on the arachnoid membrane which is one of the thin layers of tissue that form a membrane which covers the brain. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the size and location of the cyst.
• Jin Bu Huan-induced lead poisoning: Jin Bu Huan is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat pain. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Joubert Syndrome: A rare neurological disorder where there is a defect in the part of the brain that controls coordination and balance.
• Juvenile dermatomyositis: A very rare autoimmune disorder where the body's own immune system attacks blood vessels and causes them to become inflamed. The condition is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and a characteristic pinkish-purple rash.
• Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma: A type of brain tumor that occurs in children and young adults. The tumor is derived from a type of cell called an astrocyte and it can occur in various parts of the brain as well as the optic pathways and the spinal cord. Malignancy is rare. Symptoms may vary depending on the size and location of the tumor.
• Juvenile primary lateral sclerosis: A very rare genetic disorder characterized by increasing weakness and stiffness of the muscles in the arms, legs and face due to damage to nerve cells that control motor movement.
• Kandu-induced lead poisoning: Kandu (red powder) is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian and Indian people to treat intestinal problems. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Kanzaki disease: A very rare inherited metabolic disorder where deficiency of an enzyme (alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase) causes glycoplids to accumulate in body tissues and result in various symptoms. Type 2 occurs during the second or third decade of life and is milder than type I and doesn't involve neurological degeneration.
• Kifafa seizure disorder: A rare form of seizure involving head nodding prior to the seizure and often associated with neurological symptoms and Parkinson-like symptoms.
• Klinefelter syndrome, variants: A genetic condition where males have at least one extra X chromosome or extra copies of both the X and Y chromosomes in each cell. Normally male cells contain one X and one Y chromosome in each cell. The condition is not inherited but is a result of problems during cell division.
• Kocher-Debre-Semelaigne syndrome: A rare condition characterized by pseudohypertrophy of muscles that occurs in patients with hypothyroidism.
• Kohl-induced lead poisoning: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by various ethnic groups (e.g. Africans, Asians, Indians and Pakistanis) to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Kuru: An infectious prion disease that is only found in New Guinea
• Kushta-induced lead poisoning: Kushta is a folk remedy used mainly by Indian and Pakistani people as an aphrodisiac and to treat diseases involving organs such as the liver, brain, heart and stomach. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Labrynthitis: Inner ear condition affecting various ear structures
• Late-onset Alzheimer's: Late-onset Alzheimer's is a form of Alzheimer's disease that doesn't appear to be linked to any genetic defects or familial pattern. It is by far the most common form of Alzheimer's - occurs in up to 90% of Alzheimer sufferers. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Lead poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to lead.
• Lead poisoning - African Folk Remedies - Kohl: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by African people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - African Folk Remedies - Surma: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by African people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Aisan Folk Remedies - Chuifong tokuwan: Chuifong tokuwan is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian people to arthritis and other pain. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Bali goli: Bali goli (flat black bean) is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian people to treat intestinal problems. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Deshi Dewa: Deshi Dewa is a folk remedy by Asian people as a fertility medicine. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Ghasard: Ghasard is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Asian and Indian people as a tonic (usually for indigestion). This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Kandu: Kandu (red powder) is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian people to treat intestinal problems. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Kohl: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by Asian people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Pay-loo-ah: Pay-loo-ah is a folk remedy used mainly by Vietnamese people to treat fever and rash. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Asian Folk Remedies - Surma: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by Asian people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Ba Bow Sen: Ba Bow Sen is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat childhood hyperactivity and to alleviate nightmares. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Cordyceps: Cordyceps is a folk remedy by Chinese people to treat high blood pressure, bleeding problems and diabetes. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Hai Ge Fen: Hai Ge Fen is clamshell powder used mainly by Chinese people to make traditional Chinese herbal medicines. This product has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Jin Bu Huan: Jin Bu Huan is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat pain. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Po Ying Tan: Po Ying Tan is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat minor childhood complaints. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Chinese Folk Remedies - Rueda: Rueda is a lead-containing folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat infant colic or to calm young children. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Folk Remedies: A number of folk remedies have the potential to cause lead poisoning due to their relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. The high content of lead in some folk remedies can cause symptoms of lead poisoning which can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Alarcon: Alarcon is a folk remedy used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Azarcon: Azarcon is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Coral: Coral is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Greta: Greta is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Liga: Liga is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Luiga: Luiga is a folk remedy used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Hispanic Folk Remedies - Maria Luisa: Maria Luisa is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Hispanic people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Indian Folk Remedies - Deshi Dewa: Deshi Dewa is a folk remedy by Indian people as a fertility medicine. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Indian Folk Remedies - Kandu: Kandu (red powder) is a folk remedy used mainly by Indian people to treat intestinal problems. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Indian Folk Remedies - Kohl: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by Indian people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Indian Folk Remedies - Kushta: Kushta is a folk remedy used mainly by the Indian people as an aphrodisiac and to treat diseases involving organs such as the liver, brain, heart and stomach. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Indian Folk Remedies - Surma: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by Indian people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Iranian Folk Remedies - Bint Al Zahab: Bint Al Zahab is a folk remedy used mainly by Iranian people to treat infant colic and to facilitate the passage of meconium in newborns. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Kuwait Folk Remedies - Bokhoor: Bokhoor is a traditional used mainly by Kuwait people to calm infants - it involves burning wood and lead sulphide and inhaling the fumes that are produced. This practice has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to the relatively high exposure to lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Loas Folk Remedies - Pay-loo-ah: Pay-loo-ah is a folk remedy used mainly by the Hmong people from Loas to treat fever and rash. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Alarcon: Alarcon is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Albayaidle: Albayaidle is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems such as vomiting and colic. It is also used to treat apathy and lethargy. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Albayalde: Albayalde is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems such as vomiting and colic. It is also used to treat apathy and lethargy. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Azarcon: Azarcon is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Coral: Coral is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Greta: Greta is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Liga: Liga is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Luiga: Luiga is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Mexican Folk Remedies - Maria Luisa: Maria Luisa is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle East Folk Remedies - Surma: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by Middle East people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Alkohl: Alkohl is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Anzroot: Anzroot is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat gastroenteritis. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Cebagin: Cebagin is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Henna: Henna is used mainly by Middle Eastern people as a hair and skin dye. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Kohl: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Middle Eastern Folk Remedies - Saoot: Saoot is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat digestive eye injuries, teething and to manage the umbilical stump in newborns. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Pakistan Folk Remedies - Kohl: Kohl is a folk remedy used mainly by Pakistani people to treat skin infections and to manage the umbilical stump. It is also used as a cosmetic in Arab communities. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Pakistan Folk Remedies - Kushta: Kushta is a folk remedy used mainly by the Pakistani people as an aphrodisiac and to treat diseases involving organs such as the liver, brain, heart and stomach. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Pakistan Folk Remedies - Surma: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by Pakistani people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Pakistani eye cosmetics: Exposure to lead can result from the use of Pakistani eye cosmetics contaminated with lead. The most frequent cases have been noted in children as they are more sensitive to the effects of lead. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Arabian Folk Remedies - Al Murrah: Al Murrah is a folk remedy used mainly by Saudi Arabian people to treat problems such as stomach pain, diarrhea and colic. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Arabian Folk Remedies - Bint Dahab: Bint Dahab is a folk remedy used mainly by Saudi Arabian people to treat such things as constipation, diarrhea, colic and various other infant conditions. It is also used by Saudi Arabian jewelers. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Arabian Folk Remedies - Bokhoor: Bokhoor is a traditional used mainly by Saudi Arabian people to calm infants - it involves burning wood and lead sulphide and inhaling the fumes that are produced. This practice has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to the relatively high exposure to lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Arabian Folk Remedies - Farouk: Farouk is a folk remedy by Saudi Arabian people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Arabian Folk Remedies - Santrinj: Santrinj is a paint primer but is also used as a folk remedy mainly by Saudi Arabian people to treat teething and gum boils. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Saudi Folk Remedies - Traditional Saudi medicine: Traditional Saudi medicine is a folk remedy used mainly by Saudi people to treat teething and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lead poisoning - Tamarind candy: Eating tamarind candy jam products made in Mexico can lead to exposure to lead as the product is often packaged in lead-containing containers which can leach lead. The most frequent cases have been noted in children as they are more sensitive to the effects of lead. Elevated levels of lead in the blood can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Lead poisoning - Tibetan Folk Remedies - Tibetan herbal vitamin: Tibetan herbal vitamin is a folk remedy used mainly by Tibetan people to improve brain functioning. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Legionnaires' disease: A severe respiratory disease which is caused by the Legionella pneumophila bacteria. The condition can result in pneumonia and can be life-threatening.
• Leukemia, T-Cell: A form of blood cancer characterized by the proliferation of cancerous T-cells which make up part of the body's immune system. The exact symptoms and progression vary depending on the subtype involved.
• Leukomalacia: Softening or destruction of the white matter of the brain. Brain tissue that surrounds fluid-filled parts of the brain (ventricles) is destroyed. It tends to occur mainly in premature or newborn babies who have been deprived of oxygen or have poor blood flow to parts of the brain. Intrauterine infections and premature membrane rupture tend to predispose infants to this condition. This type of brain destruction can cause cerebral palsy. Severity of symptoms varies according to the degree of injury to the brain.
• Liga-induced lead poisoning: Liga is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Listeriosis: Bacterial food poisoning
• Lithium toxicity: The toxic reaction of the body to the substance, possibly via allergic reaction or overdose.
• Loss of balance: The loss of ones ability to balance
• Loss of coordination: The loss of ones ability to coordinate their movements
• Luiga-induced lead poisoning: Coral is a folk remedy used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Lyme disease: Lyme disease is an emerging infectious disease caused by at least three species of bacteria belonging to the genus Borrelia.
• Lymphocytic choriomeningitis: Rodent-borne viral disease often causing meningitis or encephalitis
• Machado-Joseph Disease: Rare genetic muscle disease causing muscle weakness.
• Mal de debarquement: Imbalance that occurs after being exposed to motion such as on a boat. It differs to normal motion sickness in that symptoms can last months or even years and may be quite debilitating.
• Mann syndrome: Symptoms caused by trauma resulting in bruising of the brain. When standing with their eyes closed, patients tend to sway towards the side of the brain injury.
• Maria Luisa-induced lead poisoning: Maria Luisa is a lead-containing tetraoxide salt used mainly by Mexican people to treat digestive or stomach problems including indigestion and diarrhea. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Marijuana abuse: Illicit depressant/hallucinogenic drug
• Marijuana addiction: Marijuana addiction is the uncontrollable desire to use marijuana on a regular basis. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Marine turtle poisoning: Marine turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• Marine turtle poisoning - Green Sea Turtle: Green Sea turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• Marine turtle poisoning - Hawksbill Turtle: Hawksbill turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• Marine turtle poisoning - Leatherback Turtle: Leatherback turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• Marine turtle poisoning - Loggerhead Turtle: Loggerhead turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• Marine turtle poisoning - Soft-shelled Turtle: Soft-shelled turtles are found and eaten in the rivers and coastal waters of Southeast Asia. It is believed that sometimes these turtles become poisonous when the eat toxic algae which occur at certain times of the year. Symptoms vary in nature and severity amongst patients - obviously the more that is eaten, the more severe the symptoms are.
• May-White syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by involuntary muscle twitching, balance and coordination problems (cerebelar ataxia) and hearing loss.
• Mediterranean myoclonic epilepsy: A rare inherited type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy which tends to cause symptoms during childhood. The involuntary muscle movements tend to occur more frequently and become more severe with increasing age. Symptoms may occur following various stimuli such as light, stress or exercise.
• Megaloblastic Anemia 1: A rare genetic blood disorder where a defect in the vitamin B12 receptor means that it can't be absorbed from food during digestion. As a result of the low vitamin B12 levels, the body produces increased numbers of abnormal enlarged red blood cells (megaloblasts).
• Melanoma - astrocytoma syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of a melanoma with a type of brain tumor called an astrocytoma. The exact symptoms may vary depending on the exact location of the brain tumor.
• Mercury poisoning - Folk Remedies: Various folk remedies and medicines contain inorganic mercury and mercury salts. They can lead to mercury poisoning and severe cases can result in death. Children tend to be more sensitive to the effects of mercury poisoning than adults. Even low levels of exposure can cause neurological symptoms in infants and young children. Fetal exposure to mercury can also result in symptoms.
• Mercury poisoning - consumption of contaminated fish: Eating fish contaminated with mercury can lead to mercury poisoning in humans. The severity and range of symptoms experienced can vary greatly depending on the level and duration of exposure. Severe poisoning can lead to death. Pregnant women who eat mercury contaminated fish may give birth to infants who suffer symptoms such as ataxia, tremors, seizures, mental retardation and cerebral palsy. An epidemic was reported where hundreds of Japanese villagers suffered mercury poisoning after eating fish contaminated by a nearby factory. Nearly half of the victims eventually died and children born during that period suffered a variety of neurological problems.
• Methylcobalamin deficiency cbl G type: An inherited organic acid disorder where an enzyme deficiency (cbl G) impairs the body's ability to break down certain proteins consumed in the diet. This results in a buildup of homocystine which results in harmful affects.
• Microcephaly: A smaller than average brain
• Microencephaly: Small brain. The condition is often characterized by a small head and neurological problems. The type and severity of symptoms are variable.
• Middle ear infection: An infection which occurs in the middle ear
• Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Mild brain injury caused by trauma, accident or injury
• Mitochondrial Parkinson's disease: A form of Parkinson's disease that seems to be linked to mitochondrial defects - mitochondria are the energy-producing components of body cells. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Monkshood poisoning: Monkshood is a poisonous plant with distinctive flowers. The perennial plant is native to Europe but is also grown in parts of the US and is sometimes used as a medicinal herb.
• Mountain Laurel poisoning: The mountain laurel is a large evergreen shrub which bears clusters of small flowers. The plant contains chemicals (andromedotoxin, arbutin) which can cause poisoning symptoms if eaten. The plant is considered highly toxic if ingested. The level of toxicity varies amongst species but it is unlikely that eating less than three leaves or flowers would cause symptoms.
• Mountain sickness: Symptoms caused by rapid ascent to a higher altitude as a result of a reduction in available oxygen. May occur in mountain climbers or those traveling in unpressurized planes. Symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, weakness, fatigue, insomnia, headache, irritability, breathlessness and euphoria. The elderly or those suffering from pulmonary or cardiac disorders may suffer pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest or prostration. Also called acute altitude sickness.
• Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune attack on spinal nerves causing diverse and varying neural problems.
• Multiple system atrophy: A rare disorder where nerve degeneration causes progressive neurological problems involving the central and autonomic nervous system. The rate of progression is variable.
• Muscle conditions: Any condition that affects the muscles of the body
• Muscular Dystrophy: Any of various muscle wasting diseases
• Muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive, type 2K: An autosomal recessive form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy where muscle weakness and atrophy is caused by mutations in the gene for O-mannosyltransferase-1.
• Myelinopathies: Disorders where the protective myelin sheath around nerves is destroyed which affects the transmission of nerve signals. The severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of myelin destruction and the nerves affected. Multiple sclerosis is an example of a myelin sheath disease.
• Myelocerebellar disorder: A rare genetic disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia (nervous system disorder that causes unsteadiness and incoordination) and pancytopenia (shortage of all types of blood cells).
• Myelopathy: Myelopathy is any disease process that effects the spinal cord.
• Myoclonus progressive epilepsy of Unverricht and Lundborg: A rare genetic brain disease characterized by convulsions which become progressively worse. Modern treatment can have a big effect on the prognosis.
• Myopathy, Congenital, Batten Turner Type: An extremely rare, benign form of congenital muscular dystrophy involving relatively minor muscle wasting. The condition progresses slowly until adulthood.
• Ménière's disease: Ear fluid disorder causing balance problems.
• Naegleria: Rare bacterial infection from contaminated water
• Neck Arthritis: Degenerative arthritic changes in the neck causing pain and loss of function; may be due to age-related degenerative change (osteoarthritis) or due to autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis)
• Nerve sheath neoplasm: Tumors that develop from the protective sheath surrounding nerves. There are two types of nerve sheath tumors: schwannomas and neurofibromas. They most often occur around the spinal cord. Symptoms are determined by the size and exact location of the tumor.
• Neurocysticercosis: Brain/CNS infection with the tapeworm Cysticercosis
• Neuroectodermal tumors primitive: A type of brain tumor that consists of small round cells and is believed to originate from primitive nerve cells in the brain. Symptoms are determined by the exact location of the tumor.
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1): Neurofibromatosis Type 1 is a genetic disorder often leading to the development of nerve tumors. The condition is also characterized by skin pigmentation abnormalities.
• Neurofibromatosis-1: Genetic disorder often leading to tumors on nerves.
• Neurofibromatosis-2: Genetic disorder often leading to tumors on nerves.
• Neuronal Migration Disorders: Group of disorders caused by abnormal growth of nerves in the brain and head.
• Neuropathy - ataxia - retinitis pigmentosa: A rare inherited disorder where defects in the energy producing part of cells affects the nervous system and causes symptoms such as muscle and vision problems. Severity and rang of symptoms are variable.
• Neuropathy ataxia and retinis pigmentosa: A rare inherited disorder where defects in the energy producing part of cells affects the nervous system and causes symptoms such as muscle and vision problems. Severity and rang of symptoms are variable.
• Neurosyphilis - general paresis: A complication of untreated syphilis where the infection invades the brain cells and causes a range of neurological symptoms. The condition is progressive and life-threatening.
• Neurosyphilis - meningovascular: A complication of untreated syphilis where the infection invades the central nervous system and causes cranial nerve palsies and pupil abnormalities.
• Neurosyphilis - tabes dorsalis: A complication of untreated syphilis where the infection invades the spinal cord and progressively impairs muscle function and nerve damage may also occur. This form of the condition is progressive and life-threatening.
• Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning: Rare food poisoning from eating contaminated shellfish
• Nevo syndrome: A genetic disorder characterized by excessive fetal growth, loose joints, kyphosis and impaired speech and motor development.
• Niemann-Pick disease, type C1: Niemann-Pick disease is an inherited metabolic disorder where lipids are not able to be metabolized adequately and hence build up and cause damage in various parts of the body such as the spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow and brain. The different types of the disease are due to different genetic mutations. Type C is a juvenile or subacute form of the condition which usually starts during childhood and survival into adulthood is possible.
• Niemann-Pick disease, type C2: Niemann-Pick disease is an inherited metabolic disorder where lipids are not able to be metabolized adequately and hence build up and cause damage in various parts of the body such as the spleen, liver, lungs, bone marrow and brain. The different types of the disease are due to different genetic mutations. Type C is a juvenile or subacute form of the condition which usually starts during childhood and survival into adulthood is possible.
• Non-lissencephalic cortical dysplasia: A brain development abnormality characterized by the development of small brain convolutions that generally cause mental retardation. Symptoms depend on the location and extent of the abnormality.
• Occupational lead exposure - ammunition production: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed as ammunition makers if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - battery manufacturing: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the battery manufacturing industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - brass foundry: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the brass foundry industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - ceramic production: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the ceramic production industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - explosives production: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the explosives production industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - furniture refinishing: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the furniture refinishing industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - lead glass factury: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in lead glass factories if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - lead mine: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in lead mines if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - lead smelting: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the lead smelting industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - painter: Exposure to lead can occur in painters if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - pottery making: Exposure to lead can occur in people involved in pottery making if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - radiator repair: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the radiator repair industry. The soldering required to repair the radiator can lead to the lead exposure if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - ship building: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the ship building industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - ship repairing: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the ship repairing industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Occupational lead exposure - smelting: Exposure to lead can occur in people employed in the smelting industry if adequate precautions are not taken. Lead exposure can cause elevated levels of lead in the blood which in turn can cause various symptoms depending on the severity and duration of the exposure.
• Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy: A group of diseases progressive degeneration occurs in a particular area of the brain (olivopontocerebellar area) which results in various neurological symptoms.
• Olivopontocerebellar atrophy I: A disorder where degeneration of certain parts of the brain and spinal cord and results in symptoms such as muscle problems, chorea and speech disturbance.
• Olivopontocerebellar atrophy type IV: A rare group of disorders caused by degeneration of certain specific parts of the brain (cerebellum, pons, inferior olives) and resulting in symptoms such as balance problems, loss of coordination and difficulties with speaking.
• Orofaciodigital syndrome type1: A rare genetic disorder characterized by variable malformations of the face, digits and inside the mouth. Type 1 is distinguished from the other types of this condition by the presence of polycystic kidneys and a X-linked dominant inheritance.
• Osler-Vaquez disease: An uncommon chronic blood disease involving an increased red blood cell count.
• Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine: Abnormal calcification of a spinal ligament. The progressive calcification can starts within months of birth and affects the ability to move arms and legs. The severity of the condition is highly variable with most patients noticing symptoms in the sixth decade.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 2: A rare lethal form of the genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae and facial and tooth abnormalities.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 2A: A rare lethal form of a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae and facial and tooth abnormalities. Type IIA has a different origin of the genetic mutation but the clinical features are similar. Type IIA involves a defect on the COL1A2 gene. The main difference is that type IIA tends to involve a large head and dark blue eyes.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type IIB: A rare, recessively inherited, lethal form of a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae and facial and tooth abnormalities. Type IIB has a different origin of the genetic mutation but the clinical features are similar. Type IIB involves a defect on the CRTAP gene on chromosome 3p22. The main difference is that type IIA tends to involve a small head and white or light blue eyes.
• Otosclerosis, familial: Increased density of bones of the inner and middle ear which can affect hearing. Complete hearing loss is rare and progression is often slow.
• Oxycontin overdose: Oxycontin is a prescription drug mainly used to treat pain. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• Paralytic shellfish poisoning: Rare food poisoning from eating contaminated shellfish
• Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration: Disorders of the cerebellum associated with tumors. The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls coordination. It is believed that the body's immune system's attempt to destroy the tumor results in damage to the cerebellum. The main tumors associated with this condition include lung and breast cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma and reproductive organ tumors.
• Parkinson disease 10: A slow progressing form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation on chromosome 1p.
• Parkinson disease 10 (PARK10): Type 10 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 1p32. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 11: A form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation on chromosome 2q36-q37.
• Parkinson disease 11 (PARK11): Type 11 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 2q21.2. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 12: A X-linked form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation on chromosome Xq21-q25.
• Parkinson disease 12 (PARK12): Type 12 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome Xq21-q25. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 13: A form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation in the serine protease gene on chromosome 2p12.
• Parkinson disease 13 (PARK13): Type 13 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 2p12. This form of the condition tends to progress slowly. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 2, autosomal recessive juvenile (PARK2): Type 2 Parkinson disease is juvenile form of the condition and is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 6q25.2-q27. The condition may be inherited in a recessive manner and symptoms tend to be milder following sleep. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 3: A genetic form of Parkinson disease which involves progressive degeneration of the central nervous system.
• Parkinson disease 3, autosomal dominant Lewy body (PARK3): Type 3 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 2p13. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 4, autosomal dominant Lewy body (PARK4): Type 4 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 4q21. This form of the condition tends to start around the age of 45 years and progresses rapidly. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 4, autosomal dominant, Lewy body: A form of Parkinson's disease caused by a triplication of the alpha-synuclein gene on chromosome 4q21.
• Parkinson disease 5 (PARK5): Type 5 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 4p14. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 6, autosomal recessive early-onset (PARK6): Type 6 Parkinson disease is an early-onset form of the condition and is linked to a genetic mutation on the PINK1 gene on chromosome 1p36. The condition may be inherited in a recessive manner and symptoms tend to fluctuate during the day. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 7, autosomal recessive early-onset (PARK7): Type 7 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation in the DJ1 gene on chromosome 1p36. This form of the condition tends to start before the age of 40 years and progresses slowly. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 7, autosomal recessive, early-onset: A recessively inherited form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation in the DJ1 gene on chromosome 1p36. Disease progression tends to be slow.
• Parkinson disease 8: A form of Parkinson's disease caused by a mutation in the dardarin gene on chromosome 12q12.
• Parkinson disease 8 (PARK8): Type 8 Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 1p32. This form of the condition tends to progress slowly. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease 9: A genetic form of Parkinson disease (a progressive degeneration of the central nervous system) that progresses rapidly once it starts. Dementia, spasticity and eye movement problems are also characteristic of this form of Parkinson disease.
• Parkinson disease 9 (PARK9): Type 9 Parkinson disease is linked to a mutation in the ATP13A2 gene on chromosome 1p36. This condition progresses rapidly and usually starts during the second decade of life. Dementia, eye movement problems and wasting of the brain tissue occur in addition to the typical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson disease, familial, type 1 (PARK1): Type 1 familial Parkinson disease is linked to a genetic mutation on chromosome 4q21. Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive, degenerative brain disorder characterized by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowed movements.
• Parkinson's Disease: Degenerative brain condition characterised by tremor.
• Partial agenesis of corpus callosum: A rare birth defect where part of the corpus callosum is absent. The corpus callosum is the area that connects the two main halves of the brain (cerebral hemispheres). Severity of symptoms is determined by how much of the structure is missing. Mild cases tend to involve headaches, seizures and speech problems which don't appear for years.
• Partial seizure: A partial seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in only one part of the brain and resulting in symptoms related to the body functions or parts that are controlled by that part of the brain. During a partial seizure movement, sensations, feelings or emotions may be affected. Partial seizures may spread to other parts of the brain and are then called generalized seizures. Partial seizures where the patient stays conscious are called simple partial seizures. If the patient loses consciousness then the seizure is called a complex partial seizure. Epilepsy is usually a partial seizure.
• Pashayan syndrome: A rare inherited condition characterized mainly by eye, nose and facial malformations.
• Pay-loo-ah-induced lead poisoning: Pay-loo-ah is a folk remedy used mainly by the Hmong people from Loas to treat fever and rash. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Pelizaeus-Merzbacher brain sclerosis: A degenerative brain disease involving deterioration of the brain white matter which affects motor and mental functioning.
• Pendred syndrome: An inherited condition characterized by hearing loss and goiter formation. The enlarged thyroid gland often continuges to function normally.
• Perilymph fistula: A condition characterized by rupture of the round window with leakage of perilymph into the middle ear, causing sensorineural hearing loss
• Perilymphatic fistula: An abnormal opening between the fluid-filled inner ear and air-filled middle ear. It generally causes sudden or fluctuating hearing loss.
• Pernicious anemia: A megaloblastic anaemia due to malabsorption of the vitamin B12
• Pfiesteria piscicida poisoning: Pfiesteria piscicida is an estuarine microorganism (dinoflagellate) that can cause illness in humans as well as fish. The particular toxin involved has not yet been identified. The microorganism may release toxins into the water or it may be aerosolized which can result in skin, eye and respiratory exposure. The condition is not contagious and they symptoms may vary considerably amongst patients.
• Pfiesteria poisoning: Pfiesteria is an estuarine microorganism (dinoflagellate) that can cause illness in humans as well as fish. The particular toxin involved has not yet been identified. The microorganism may release toxins into the water or it may be aerosolized which can result in skin, eye and respiratory exposure. The condition is not contagious and they symptoms may vary considerably amongst patients.
• Pfiesteria shumwayae poisoning: Pfiesteria shumwayae is an estuarine microorganism (dinoflagellate) that can cause illness in humans as well as fish. The particular toxin involved has not yet been identified. The microorganism may release toxins into the water or it may be aerosolized which can result in skin, eye and respiratory exposure. The condition is not contagious and they symptoms may vary considerably amongst patients.
• Phenylketonuria: A metabolic disorder where there is a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase which leads to a harmful buildup of the phenylalanine in the body. Normally the phenylalanine is converted into tyrosine. The severity of the symptoms can range from severe enough to cause mental retardation to mild enough not to require treatment. Severity is determined by the level of impairment of enzyme activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase.
• Pick's disease of the brain: A degenerative brain disease involving the frontal and temporal brain lobes resulting primarily in progressive dementia and loss of motor and language functions. It is characterized by the presence of proteins called Pick bodies in damaged nerve cells.
• Plant poisoning - Acetylandromedol: Acetylandromedol is a chemical found naturally in plants from the Ericaceae family which includes rhodendrons. Human poisoning can occur through eating honey made from pollen and nectar from these flowers or from eating other parts of the plant. The severity of symptoms may vary from mild to life-threatening depending on the amount consumed.
• Plant poisoning - Aesculin: Aesculin is a toxin found in horse chestnuts, California buckeye and in the resin from Daphne mezereum. The toxin causes gastrointestinal symptoms and neurological symptoms.
• Plant poisoning - Grayanotoxin: Grayanotoxin is a chemical found naturally in plants from the Ericaceae family which includes rhodendrons. Human poisoning can occur through eating honey made from pollen and nectar from these flowers or from eating other parts of the plant. The severity of symptoms may vary from mild to life-threatening depending on the amount consumed.
• Plant poisoning - Lantadene: Lantadene is a toxin found naturally in a plant called lantana camara. The chemical is toxic to the liver and can cause various symptoms if ingested. The green fruit and leaves are the most toxic parts of the plant.
• Plant poisoning - Rhodotoxin: Rhodotoxin is a chemical found naturally in rhodendrons. Human poisoning can occur through eating honey made from pollen and nectar from these flowers or from eating other parts of the plant. The severity of symptoms may vary from mild to life-threatening depending on the amount consumed.
• Plant poisoning - Saponin: Saponin is a toxin found naturally in plants such as the Christmas rose and carnations. It gives plants a bitter taste which makes poisoning relatively uncommon.
• Plant poisoning - Tetranortriterpene: Tetranortriterpene is a toxin that occurs naturally in some plants (e.g. Chinaberry tree). It functions as a natural insect repellant but is toxic to the human nervous system. Ingesting plant parts with this chemical can cause poisoning symptoms.
• Po Ying Tan-induced lead poisoning: Po Ying Tan is a folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat minor childhood complaints. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Polycythemia rubra: An uncommon chronic blood disease involving an increased production of red blood cells by the bone marrow. The production of platelets and white blood cells may also be increased.
• Poor balance: The occurrence of poor balance in individuals
• Premenstrual syndrome: A collection of symptoms that some women suffer that occurs directly before menstruation
• Primary Lateral Sclerosis: A neurological disorder involving the upper motor nerves and causing progressive muscle weakness in the extremities and facial area. This condition involves mutations in the same gene and overlapping symptoms with juvenile primary lateral sclerosis but the difference is that primary lateral sclerosis only involves degeneration of the upper motor neurons whereas infantile-onset spastic paralysis is more severe and involves degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons.
• Primary orthostatic tremor: A rare movement disorder where rapid tremors occur in the legs when standing. The disorder occurs on its own and is not associated with any condition or disease. Patients have difficulty standing still but have no trouble walking.
• Prion diseases: Various diseases caused by abnormal proteins (prions) in the brain.
• Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A disorder characterized by reduced motor control, dementia and eye movement problems.
• Progressive hearing loss stapes fixation: A rare condition characterized by hearing loss, fixation of stapes (ear bone which causes conductive deafness if it becomes fixed and immovable) and reduced vestibular response.
• Progressive supranuclear palsy, atypical: A rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder which starts involves features of parkinsonism and dementia.
• Promethazine - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Promethazine during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Proximal myotonic dystrophy: A very rare genetic muscle disorder which is often associated with cataracts, abnormal heart rhythm and infertility. Muscle weakness tends to occur more in muscles closer to the trunk such as the neck, shoulders, hips and upper legs. Pregnancy can exacerbate or initiate symptoms.
• Puberty symptoms: Symptoms related to puberty in adolescence.
• Ramsay Hunt I syndrome: Reactivation of the chicken pox virus wich affects the facial nerves.
• Rett's syndrome: Autism-like behavioral syndrome in infant girls
• Right parietal lobe syndrome related Alzheimer's disease: Right parietal lobe syndrome related Alzheimer's disease is a variant of Alzheimer's disease that involves abnormalities in a particular part of the brain. It is characterized by Alzheimer's symptoms as well as problems with such things as construction (making things) and drawing as well as denial of their disabilities. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disorder involving degeneration of the brain. The disease mainly affects brain functions involving thinking, memory, personality and behaviour.
• Rimbaud-Passouant-Vallat syndrome: A type of brain inflammation.
• Roussy Levy hereditary areflexic dystasia: An inherited ataxia (incoordination) involving muscle wasting, kyphoscoliosis and absence of tendon reflexes.
• Roussy-Lévy hereditary areflexic dystasia: An inherited ataxia (incoordination) involving muscle wasting, kyphoscoliosis and absence of tendon reflexes.
• Rueda-induced lead poisoning: Rueda is a lead-containing folk remedy used mainly by Chinese people to treat infant colic or to calm young children. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Santrinj-induced lead poisoning: Santrinj is a paint primer but is also used as a folk remedy mainly by Saudi Arabian people to treat teething and gum boils. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Saoot-induced lead poisoning: Saoot is a folk remedy used mainly by Middle Eastern people to treat digestive eye injuries, teething and to manage the umbilical stump in newborns. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Schilder's Disease: Rare nerve myelin condition.
• Scleroatonic muscular dystrophy: An inherited disorder affecting muscles and resulting in muscle weakness and wasting that starts from birth. The joints closest to the body tend to have limited movement whereas those in the hands and feet tend to be hyperextensible.
• Sea Hare poisoning: Certain species of sea hares can result in poisoning if eaten. Sea hares are marine mollusks. Two species with a potential for poisoning are found in Oceans near Fiji and Japan. Eating the eggs of these sea hares can also cause liver damage. Poisoning by sea hares is considered quite rare. The substance underlying the condition is organic bromine compounds.
• Secondarily generalized seizure: A partial seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in only one part of the brain and resulting in symptoms related to the body functions or parts that are controlled by that part of the brain. During a partial seizure movement, sensations, feelings or emotions may be affected. When the partial spreads to both sides of the brain it is then called generalized seizures. These seizures usually only last a few minutes.
• Seizures - intellectual deficit due to hydroxylysinuria: A rare syndrome characterized by mental retardation, seizures and high levels of hydroxylysine in the urine.
• Selective Vitamin B12 malabsorption with Proteinuria: A rare genetic blood disorder where a defect in the vitamin B12 receptor means that it can't be absorbed from food during digestion. As a result of the low vitamin B12 levels, the body produces increased numbers of abnormal enlarged red blood cells (megaloblasts).
• Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis: A very rare syndrome characterized by progressive ataxia, eye muscle problems and a speech disorder (dysarthria).
• Sheep laurel poisoning: Sheep laurel is a small shrub which bears clusters of small white or pink flowers and encapsulated fruit. The plant contains chemicals (andromedotoxin and arbutin) which can cause various symptoms if ingested. The plant is considered to be very toxic and death can result if sufficient quantities are eaten.
• Shy- Drager syndrome: also known as multiple system atrophy
• Sialuria, Finnish type: A rare inherited biochemical disorder characterized by the accumulation of sialic acid in the tissues and excretion of sialic acid in the urine. This condition is an adult form of sialuria.
• Simple partial seizure: A partial seizure is an electrical disturbance that originates in only one part of the brain and resulting in symptoms related to the body functions or parts that are controlled by that part of the brain. Partial seizures where the patient stays conscious are called simple partial seizures. During a simple partial seizure movement, sensations, feelings or emotions may be affected. Partial seizures may spread to other parts of the brain and are then called generalized seizures. These seizures usually only last a couple of minutes.
• Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, type 1 (SGBS1): A rare genetic disorder characterized by accelerated growth, a peculiar face and other defects.
• Sleep deprivation: The condition of not getting enough sleep.
• Sleep walking: also called somnambulism is a condition in which the affected person performs normal daily activities in his/her sleep
• Soto's Syndrome: A rare hereditary disorder characterized by excessive growth during the first few years of life as well as various other mental and physical anomalies.
• Spastic paraparesis: A rare disorder where parts of the body develop spasticity and weakness. Usually the limbs are involved. The disorder is usually an inherited condition.
• Spastic tetraplegic - cerebral palsy: A rare disorder characterized by the association of spasticity (muscle tightness of the arms and legs as well as cerebral palsy.
• Spinal arthritis: Inflammation of the spine joints. The inflammation can be the result of such things as degenerative joint disease, gout, infection, trauma and autoimmune conditions.
• Spinocerebellar ataxia 14: A rare genetic disorder (chromosome 19q13.4qter defect) characterized by gait ataxia, tremors and dysarthria (speech disorder). The condition progresses slowly.
• Spinocerebellar ataxia 19: A rare genetic disorder (chromosome 1p21-q21 defect) characterized by mild cognitive impairment and myoclonus. Gait ataxia and dysarthria (speech disorder) also occur and are symptoms common to all the spinocerebellar ataxia types.
• Spinocerebellar ataxia 28: A rare genetic disorder (chromosome 18p11 defect) characterized by eye muscle paralysis (ophthalmoplegia) and increased reflexes. Gait ataxia and dysarthria (speech disorder) also occur and are symptoms common to all the spinocerebellar ataxia types.
• Spinocerebellar ataxia 29: A form of ataxia which starts from birth but is nonprogressive. The severity of symptoms may vary amongst patients.
• Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 6: A rare disorder that has neurological origins and causes nonprogressive ataxia, which begins during infancy.
• Startle epilepsy: A form of epilepsy which is triggered by hearing a sudden unexpected stimulus such as a sudden sound. The seizures usually last less than 30 seconds and can occur numerous times during the day. The seizure involves a startle response followed by stiffening of the muscles for a short period of time. Muscle jerking may also be involved and falls are common. These types of seizures are extremely difficult to treat and tend to occur in patients with damage to the brain and intellectual handicap. These seizures often occur in Downs syndrome patients.
• Stroke: Brain-related symptoms of bleeding or blockage.
• Stroke symptoms: Brain-related symptoms of bleeding or blockage.
• Superior vena cava syndrome: A condition caused by compression or obstruction to the normal circulation of the superior vena cava which carries deoxygenated blood from the body tissues back to the heart.
• Surma-induced lead poisoning: Surma is a black powder used as a cosmetic as well as a folk remedy by Middle East people to treat teething. This folk remedy has the potential to cause lead poisoning due to its relatively high content of lead. Children are more susceptible to the effects of lead. The use of folk remedies is still prevalent in some cultures. Lead poisoning can result in serious illness and even death in severe cases.
• Sydenham chorea: Brain disease causing involuntary movements or spasms.
• Syringobulbia: A neurological disorder that progresses slowly and is characterized by a fluid filled cavity in the spinal cord and brain stem.
• Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome: A rare disease where episodes of leaking blood capillaries results in a rapid drop in blood pressure which can be life-threatening. Episodes usually last for a few days. The range and severity of symptoms experienced may range somewhat amongst patients.
• T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Cancer of particular white blood cells called T-cells. Precursors to white blood cells are called blasts and are made by the bone marrow but in ALL the blasts are abnormal and do not develop into lymphocytes. Instead, the abnormal blasts or leukemic cells multiply rapidly and reduce the level of other types of blood cells such as red blood cells and platelets.
• Takayasu arteritis: A chronic inflammation of the large blood vessels leading from the aorta which results in lack of pulse in the arms and the carotid arteries, transient paraplegia and blindness and atrophy of the facial muscles. Also called Takayasu's disease, pulseless disease, brachiocephgalic arteritis or aortic arch syndrome.
• Tick paralysis: Paralysis from Australian tick bites
• Tinnitus: A continual ringing sensation occurring in one or both ears
• Tonic seizure: Abnormal electrical activity in a part of the brain which results mainly in muscle stiffness and rigidity. Tonic seizures are considered relatively uncommon. They can occur at any age but are more common in childhood. Patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or multiple sclerosis are particularly susceptible to this type of seizure. Episodes usually only last for a matter of minutes and recovery can vary from minutes to hours.
• Tonic-clonic seizure: formerly known as grand mal seizures. It involves the entire body causing muscle contraction and loss of consciousness
• Toxic mushrooms - Monomethylhydrazine: Some mushrooms contain a toxic chemical called gyromitrin which is converted to monomethylhydrazine after digestion. Mushroom species from this group include certain species of Gyromitra, Helvella, Sarcosphaera and Peziza. Poisoning may occur from inhaling fumes from cooking mushrooms. The amount of toxin varies amongst and within species but some are toxic enough to cause death. Urgent medical attention should be sought if mushroom poisoning is suspected.
• Transient ischemic attack: temporary disturbance of blood supply to a restricted area of the brain, resulting in brief neurologic dysfunction that persists, by definition, for less than 24 hours.
• Transverse myelitis: Inflammation of the spinal cord which results in various neurological and muscle symptoms. The inflammation can occur for no obvious reason or may result from a virus, bacterial infection, autoimmune disease or vaccination. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the location and degree of inflammation.
• Triosephosphate isomerase 1: A rare inherited blood disorder involving a deficiency of red cell triosephosphate isomerase which is involved in the glycolysis (glucose metabolism) process to produce energy. The disorder is characterized by anemia, recurring infection and often progressive neurological degeneration. The severity of the disorder is variable with some patients having central nervous system involvement while others don't.
• Trisomy 8 mosaicism: A very rare chromosomal disorder where there is an extra copy of chromosome 8 in some of the body's cells. Some cases with this chromosomal abnormality have no clinical symptoms. The presence of abnormalities in some cases is dependent on which body cells contain the chromosomal defect.
• Turner Syndrome: Rare chromosome syndrome with one X but no second X or Y chromosome.
• Ulnar Neuropathy: Condition of entrapment of the ulnar nerve at the elbow, causing neurological symptoms in the corresponding parts of the forearm, hand and fingers
• Unverricht-Lundborg disease: A rare inherited type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy which tends to cause symptoms during childhood. The involuntary muscle movements tend to occur more frequently and become more severe with increasing age. Symptoms may occur following various stimuli such as light, stress or exercise.
• Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome: A rare inherited type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy which tends to cause symptoms during childhood. The involuntary muscle movements tend to occur more frequently and become more severe with increasing age. Symptoms may occur following various stimuli such as light, stress or exercise.
• Usher Syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss.
• Usher Syndrome Type 3: A rare inherited disorder where children are born with normal hearing and vision which progressively deteriorates at a variable rate.
• Usher syndrome, type 1C: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss which starts during the first decade of life and blindness usually occurs between 20-35 years of age. Symptoms are generally more severe than in type 2 with deafness occurring at birth or during first year and vision loss starting during childhood. The defect occurs on chromosome 11p15.1.
• Usher syndrome, type 1D: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss which starts during the first decade of life and blindness usually occurs between 20-35 years of age. Symptoms are generally more severe than in type 2 with deafness occurring at birth or during first year and vision loss starting during childhood. The defect occurs on chromosome 10q21-q22.
• Usher syndrome, type 1E: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss which starts during the first decade of life and blindness usually occurs between 20-35 years of age. Symptoms are generally more severe than in type 2 with deafness occurring at birth or during first year and vision loss starting during childhood. The defect occurs on chromosome 21q21.
• Usher syndrome, type 1F: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss which starts during the first decade of life and blindness usually occurs between 20-35 years of age. Symptoms are generally more severe than in type 2 with deafness occurring at birth or during first year and vision loss starting during childhood. The defect occurs on chromosome 10q21-q22.
• Usher syndrome, type 1G: A rare inherited disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness and progressive vision loss which starts during the first decade of life and blindness usually occurs between 20-35 years of age. Symptoms are generally more severe than in type 2 with deafness occurring at birth or during first year and vision loss starting during childhood. The defect occurs on chromosome 17q24-q25.
• Usher syndrome, type IIIA: A rare inherited disorder where children are born with normal hearing and vision which progressively deteriorates at a variable rate. The defect occurs on chromosome 5q14.
• Usher syndrome, type IIIB: A rare inherited disorder where children are born with normal hearing and vision which progressively deteriorates at a variable rate. The defect occurs on chromosome 20q.
• Vaquez disease: An uncommon chronic blood disease involving an increased red blood cell count.
• Vertebral Artery Dissection: A tear that develops in the verebral artery and tends to result in a stroke. It is the most common cause of stroke in young people. Vertebral artery dissections can be caused by trauma to the neck, manipulation of the spine (chiropractics), high blood pressure or even blowing the nose in some cases.
• Vertigo: Feeling that the room or person is moving or spinning.
• Vertigo, benign paroxysmal, in childhood: A rare harmless disorder in children which causes short periods of dizziness, nausea and involuntary eye movements.
• Vestibular neuritis: A temporary condition which affects the inner ear workings but doesn't impair hearing. It is often caused by an upper respiratory infection.
• Vestibular neuronitis: Infection of vestibular nerve.
• Vestibular seizure: Abnormal electrical signals in a particular part of the brain that results in a seizure consisting of episodes of symptoms such as vertigo, dizziness and a tilting sensation.
• Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases: Diseases that affect the vestibular and/or cochlear nerves of the hearing system. Such diseases include cochlear neuritis, acoustic neuroma, and vestibular neuritis. Symptoms depend on which of the nerves are involved.
• Vestibulocochlear dysfunction progressive familial: A condition which is characterised by vestibulocochlear dysfunction that occurs in a familial pattern
• Vision Disorders: Any condition which affects ones vision
• Vision disorders: Any condition which affects ones vision
• Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome: A rare condition characterized by poliosis and hair, skin, eye and ear abnormalities as well as retinal detachment and neurological involvement.
• Von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Genetic disease causing multiple benign tumors
• Walking symptoms: Problems with walking.
• Wallenberg's Syndrome: A rare neurological condition caused by a stroke (involving the cerebellar artery) and resulting in symptoms such as facial paralysis or weakness on one side of body.
• Westphal-Leyden ataxia: A form of ataxia that starts in childhood and is associated with symptoms such as vomiting, vertigo, rigid muscles, seizures, mental disorder, loss of control over voluntary movements and dementia. Death generally occurs within a decade of onset of symptoms.
• Whiplash Injuries: An injury to the neck when the neck is rapidly forced backward and then forwards or vice versa. It most commonly occurs in vehicle accidents when the vehicle is stopped abruptly or pushed forwards suddenly.
• Williams Syndrome: A syndrome characterised by mental retardation, facial abnormalities and emotional instability
• Wilson's disease: Wilson disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a neurodegenerative disease of copper metabolism.
• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: An inherited immune system disorder that affects only males and is characterized by recurring infections, eczema and reduced level of blood platelets (thrombocytopenia).
• Wyatt disease: A cytomegalus virus infection that occurs before birth.
• Xanax overdose: Xanax is a prescription drug used to treat stress and anxiety. Excessive doses of the drug can result in various symptoms and even death in severe cases.
• Zonular cataract and nystagmus: Cataracts that affect only certain layers of the lens

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