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Symptoms » Breathlessness on exertion » Book Sections
 

Dyspnea

Acute


Pleuropulmonary causes
   Obstructive lung disease
   Asthma
   Acute tracheobronchitis
   Pneumonitis
   Pulmonary edema and congestion
   Pulmonary thromboembolism/vasculitis
   Pneumothorax
   Pleurisy and/or pleural effusion
   Gastric or other fluid aspiration
   Noxious gas inhalation (including carbon monoxide)
   Upper airway obstruction
   Collapse of lung segment(s)
   Angioedema
   Foreign-body aspiration
   Chest trauma
       Pulmonary contusion
       Rib fractures
       Flail chest
Nonpulmonary causes
   Psychogenic disorders (e.g., anxiety)
   Decreased inspired oxygen tension (e.g., at high altitude)
   Acute neuromuscular dysfunction
   Shock
   Fever
   Acute anemia
   Increased intracranial pressure
   Metabolic acidosis
   Cardiac tamponade

Chronic


Pleuropulmonary causes
   Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
       Chronic bronchitis
       Emphysema
       Cystic fibrosis
   Asthma
   Pulmonary edema or congestion
   Interstitial fibrosis (any cause)
   Chronic pneumonia
   Pulmonary vascular disease
       Recurrent pulmonary emboli
       Pulmonary hypertension
       Arteriovenous malformation
   Malignancy
       Bronchogenic carcinoma
       Pulmonary metastatic disease
   Respiratory muscle disease
       Phrenic nerve dysfunction
       Neuromuscular disease
          Myasthenia gravis
          Poliomyelitis
          Guillain-Barré syndrome
          Muscular dystrophy
   Chest wall abnormalities
       Pectus excavatum
       Kyphoscoliosis
   Pleural disease
       Effusion
       Fibrothorax
       Primary or metastatic neoplasm
   Bronchiectasis
   Alveolar filling disease
       Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
       Alveolar microlithiasis
       Lipoid pneumonia
   Lung resection
   Upper airway obstruction
Nonpulmonary causes
   Anemia
   Obesity
   Psychogenic disorders
   Abdominal mass (e.g. tumor, pregnancy)
   Ascites
   Metabolic acidosis
   Thyroid disease
   Arteriovenous shunt
   Congenital heart disease
   Abnormal hemoglobin

References


1. Ingram RH, Braunwald E: Dyspnea and Pulmonary Edema, pp. 190–194. See Bibliography, 3.
2. Stulbarg MS, Adams L: Dyspnea, pp. 511–528. See Bibliography, 5.
3. See Bibliography, 6.

Book Source Details

  • Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
  • Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
  • Year of Publication: 1999
  • Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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  • Bradypnea
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  • "Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series" (2007)
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  • Tachypnea
  • "Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series" (2007)
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  • Bradypnea
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  • Dyspnea
  • "Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms" (2007)
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  • Hyperpnea
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  • Tachypnea
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Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 2008 Williams & Wilkins.

More About Causes of Breathlessness on exertion



More About This Book:
Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Copyright: 1999
ISBN: 0-78171-943-7

 » Next page: Wheezing (A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis)

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