Arrhythmia (with or without digitalis intoxication)
Tachyarrhythmia
Ventricular fibrillation (e.g., prolonged QT syndromes)
Ventricular tachycardia
Bradyarrhythmia
Sinus bradycardia
Junctional rhythm
Atrioventricular block
Idioventricular rhythm
Asystole
Upper airway obstruction
Structural lesion
Sleep apnea syndrome
Foreign body
Acute and/or chronic respiratory failure with hypoxemia and/or hypercarbia
Hypoxia of any cause (e.g., carbon monoxide poisoning)
Pulmonary hypertension
Smoke inhalation
Severe acidosis or alkalosis
Hypoglycemia
Syncope
Addisonian crisis
Drug overdose, allergy, or adverse reaction
Narcotics
Insulin
Sedatives
Digitalis
Quinidine
Cocaine
Disopyramide
Procainamide and other antiarrhythmics
Phenothiazines
Tricyclic antidepressants
Nitrates
Aminophylline
Propranolol
Warfarin
Penicillins
Sulfonamides
Antihypertensive agents
Shock of any etiology (see also 2-K), especially
Hypovolemia
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade or pericardial constriction
Anaphylaxis
Sepsis
Aortic dissection or rupture
Pulmonary embolism (of any type)
Acute myocardial infarction
Other common cardiac causes
Severe coronary heart disease
Hypertensive heart disease
Valvular disease (e.g., aortic stenosis)
Prosthetic valve dysfunction or thrombosis
Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy
Cardiac rupture
Congenital heart disease including anomalous coronary artery anatomy
Mitral valve prolapse
Primary conduction system or nodal disease
Intracardiac thrombosis
Nonatherosclerotic obstruction of coronary arteries
Embolus
Arteritis
Dissection (e.g., in pregnancy, Marfan's)
Spasm
Congenital anomalies
Coronary artery ostia obstruction (e.g., syphilis)
Electrolyte abnormality (especially potassium, calcium, magnesium)
Hypothermia or hyperthermia
Electric shock
Drowning
Insect stings and bites
Neurologic disorders
Stroke
Hemorrhage
Seizure
Brainstem compression of any cause
Infection
Sudden infant death syndrome
Liquid protein diet
Modified fast diet programs
1. Myerburg RJ, Castellanos A: Cardiovascular Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death, p. 742. See Bibliography, 1.
2. Myerburg RJ, Castellanos A: Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Disease, p. 221. See Bibliography, 2.
Read excerpts from these other book chapters related to Cardiac arrest:
Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 2008 Williams & Wilkins.
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More About This Book:
Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Copyright: 1999 ISBN: 0-78171-943-7 
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