Glossary for Cysts

Medical terms related to Cysts or mentioned in this section include:

• Acid-Base Imbalance: A disruption to the normal acid-base equilibrium in the body. There are four main groups of disorder involving an acid-base imbalance: respiratory acidosis or alkalosis and metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. Obviously the severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of imbalance.
• Acne: Pimples and blackheads on the skin
• Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease: Kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Rare multi-organ tapeworm infection caught from animals.
• Amniotic Bands: A rare condition where abnormal fetal development occurs when bands of tissue encircle parts of the fetus and affect the growth of that portion. The band of tissue develops from the internal womb lining. The location of the band on the fetus determines the symptoms and the seriousness of the condition.
• Angiopathy, hereditary, with nephropathy, aneurysms and muscle cramps: An inherited disorder characterized by kidney disease, aneurysms, blood vessel disease and muscle cramps which can last from seconds to minutes.
• Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: Severe form of PKD, a genetic kidney disease.
• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Genetic kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• BOR syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by hearing loss, kidney malformations and branchial arch anomalies. There are two subtypes with different genetic defect origins.
• Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by mental retardation, obesity, polydactyly and retinal pigmentation as well as other abnormalities.
• COACH syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized by ataxia, gaps or holes in various eye structures, mental retardation, liver fibrosis and brain abnormalities.
• Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia - oligophrenia - congenital ataxia - coloboma - hepatic fibrosis: A very rare syndrome characterized by ataxia, gaps or holes in various eye structures, mental retardation, liver fibrosis and brain abnormalities.
• Chromosome 10p duplication/10q deletion syndrome: A rare chromosomal disorder where a section of the short arm (p) of chromosome 10 is duplicated and a section of the long arm (q) of chromosome 10 is deleted resulting in various abnormalities.
• Chromosome 3, monosomy 3p: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 3 is absent and is characterized by mental and growth deficiency, drooping upper eyelid and polydactyly.
• Chromosome 3, trisomy 3p: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of the short arm (p) of chromosome 3 is duplicated so there is three copies of it rather than the normal two.
• Coloboma chorioretinal cerebellar vermis aplasia: A very rare syndrome characterized by an eye anomaly (gap in eye structures such as choroids and retina) and abnormal development of the midline structure of the brain (cerebellar vermis aplasia).
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - non-classical form: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Congenital microgastria limb reduction defect: A rare syndrome characterized by micrograstia and limb reduction as well as other abnormalities.
• Cystic hamartoma of lung and kidney: A very rare condition characterized mainly by benign cysts in the lungs and kidneys.
• Cysticercosis: An infectious disease caused by the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. If the larvae are ingested then a mild or asymptomatic tapeworm infection occurs. However, ingested eggs pass into the bloodstream where they can then enter various tissues and form the cysts that characterize cysticercosis.
• Cysts: Fluid-filled lump under the skin often produced by over-secreting gland
• Deletion 3p: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of chromosome 3 is absent and is characterized by mental and growth deficiency, drooping upper eyelid and extra digits.
• Fibrocystic breasts: The development of benign fluid-filled cysts in the breasts as well as scar-like tissue. The cysts can make breast cancer examinations more difficult.
• Focal dermal hypoplasia: A rare genetic disorder characterized by bone, skin, teeth and pigmentation abnormalities as well as asymmetry of the face, trunk ant extremities.
• Fowler-Christmas-Chapple syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of polycystic ovaries with the abnormal functioning of the urinary valve.
• Fragile-X Syndrome: A rare inherited characterized by various physical anomalies as well as mental retardation. The symptoms are milder in females.
• Fryns Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by diaphragmatic abnormalities, coarse face and abnormal growth or development of ends of fingers and toes.
• Glutaric aciduria 2: A metabolic disorder involving an enzyme deficiency - electron transfer flavoprotein ubiquinone oxydoreductase. The severity of symptoms depends on the level of deficiency. The infant onset form is the most severe and often results in death. Severe cases usually develop during childhood or infancy and usually involve metabolic acidosis and its associated symptoms. Milder cases may simply present with muscle weakness initially that develops in adulthood. Some cases may involve additional symptoms such as heart, liver and kidney problems, facial anomalies and genital abnormalities.
• Glutaric aciduria type II: A rare disorder of amino acid metabolism characterized by a defect in the enzyme ETF (electron transfer flavenoid) or ETF dehydrogenase. The condition causes variable symptoms.
• Hemangioblastoma: A benign tumor that tends to occur in the central nervous system such as the brain and spinal cord. The tumor arises from the stem cells that develop into blood vessels or blood cells (hemangioblasts). Symptoms vary depending on the exact location and size of the tumor.
• Ivemark II: A lethal syndrome characterized by lack of spleen function as well as kidney, liver, pancreatic and heart abnormalities. The condition generally results in death within days of birth.
• Jejunal atresia with renal adysplasia: A very rare genetic disorder characterized mainly be abnormal or absent kidneys as well as jejunal atresia. Jejunal atresia is a birth defect where a portion of the small intestine (jejunum) is completely closed off or blocked due.
• Kidney cysts: An abnormal epithelial enclosed cavity located in the kidney
• Langer-Nishino-Yamaguchi syndrome: A rare disorder characterized by deformed forearms and lower legs, cloudy corneas and enlarged kidneys. In the reported case, death occurred in the newborn period from kidney and heart failure.
• Leprechaunism: A very rare genetic disorder characterized by insulin resistance which leads to growth delay and endocrine system abnormalities.
• Lump: Any type of lump on the skin or body areas
• McCune-Albright Syndrome: A rare genetic multisystem disorder characterized by abnormal skin pigmentation and endocrine gland dysfunction and replacement of parts of bone tissue with fibrous material.
• Meckel Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder involving numerous abnormalities and characterized by death within the first few weeks.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease: A rare genetic kidney disease involving the development of cyst in the kidney which causes problems with kidney function.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease 1: A rare disorder characterized mainly by the development of kidney cysts and affects kidney function during adulthood. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (chromosome 1q21).
• Medullary cystic kidney disease 2: A rare disorder characterized mainly by the development of kidney cysts and affects kidney function during adulthood. The disorder is caused by a genetic defect (chromosome 16p12.3). Type 2 tends to have an earlier onset of end stage kidney failure.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease, dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Nephronophthisis 2: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during childhood. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 2 is caused by a defect in the inversin gene.
• Nephronophthisis 3: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 3 is caused by a defect in the NPHP3 gene.
• Nephronophthisis 4: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 4 is caused by a defect in the NPHP4 gene.
• Nephronophthisis 7: A genetic kidney disorder which causes kidney failure during adolescence. Other problems such as underdeveloped lungs may also be associated with the condition. Type 7 is caused by a defect in the GLIS2 gene.
• Nephronophthisis, autosomal dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Ovarian cysts: Cysts which are located in the ovaries
• Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme deficiency: A rare disorder involving abnormal steroid metabolism due to an enzyme 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 4) deficiency. The symptoms which make the condition appear very similar to another condition called neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy.
• Peroxisome biogenesis disorders: A group of inherited disorders involving the absence or dysfunction of one or more peroxisomal enzymes. Peroxisomes are numerous tiny organs within the cell which are involved in a large number of the body's biochemical reactions.
• Phaeohyphomycosis: An opportunistic infection that is caused by dermatiaceous fungi
• Polycystic kidney disease: Genetic kidney disease causing kidney cysts.
• Polycystic kidney disease, adult type: A rare condition where cysts in the kidney grow and cause the kidney to become larger and reduce it's ability to function. PKD 2 is an autosomal dominant form of the disease and differs from PKD 1 in that it is less severe and is caused by a mutation in a different gene.
• Polycystic kidney disease, infantile type: Severe form of polycystic kidney disease which is a genetic kidney disease. Symptoms develop very early in life and may even be present during the fetal stage.
• Polycystic liver disease: A rare inherited disorder involving the formation of numerous cysts in the liver.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects approximately 5% of all women.
• Simple kidney cysts: Usually harmless kidney cysts appearing later in life.
• Situs inversus totalis with cystic dysplasia of kidneys and pancreas: A rare syndrome where the position of the internal organs of the chest and abdomen is transposed. In addition there are kidney and pancreatic abnormalities.
• Skin infections: Infection or inflammation of the skin.
• Syringomyelia: Spinal cord cysts
• Thompson-Baraitser syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by liver fibrosis, kidney cysts and mental retardation.
• Trichinosis: Worm infection usually caught from pigs
• Tuberous sclerosis, type 2: A rare genetic condition characterized by mental and physical retardation, seizures and numerous benign tumors that can occur on the skin or in organs. The severity of symptoms can vary greatly depending on where the tumors occur.
• Unusual facies, hepatic fibrosis, renal cysts and mental retardation: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by liver fibrosis, unusual facial appearance, kidney cysts and mental retardation.
• Von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Genetic disease causing multiple benign tumors

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