Glossary for Eosinophilia

Medical terms related to Eosinophilia or mentioned in this section include:

• Acanthocheilonemiasis: A rare tropical infection caused by a particular threadworm usually found in Africa. It may cause skin rashes, muscle and joint pains, neurologic disorders and skin lumps. The cerebrospinal fluid may also contain the larvae.
• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A malignant disease that starts suddenly and progresses quickly. It is characterized by a high number of immature cells in the organs, bone marrow and blood. Symptoms include fever, pallor, anorexia, fatigue, anemia, hemorrhage, bone pain, splenomegaly and frequent infections. Also called acute lymphocytic leukemia.
• Adrenal gland symptoms: Symptoms affecting the adrenal glands
• Adrenal insufficiency: A condition where the adrenal gland produces insufficient cortical hormones.
• Aggressive systemic mastocytosis: The excessive proliferation of mast cells. Mast cells control the skin's response to minor injury and release a chemical called histamine which causes the skin to redden. In the aggressive form, mast cells accumulate in the liver, spleen and lymphatic system.
• Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: An allergic reaction that occurs in the bronchopulmonary tract due to the occurrence of aspergillosis
• Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome: An immune reaction to the ingestion of a drug called allopurinol. It is a potentially fatal disorder.
• Alveolar Hydatid Disease: Rare multi-organ tapeworm infection caught from animals.
• Alveolitis, extrinsic allergic: A lung disease that tends to occur in people with jobs where they are frequently exposed to organic dust inhalation.
• Amitriptyline - Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to Amitriptyline during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Ancylostoma duodenale: An infestation with Ancylostoma duodenale which is a parasitic hookwork whichcan cause serious disease in humans - usually occurs in people who work barefoot in damp soil. The hookworms suck blood from the intestines of the host which can result in anemia if there is a large number of worms.
• Angiostrongyliasis: Infection by a parasitic worm (Angiostrongylus). Infection can occur through eating contaminated raw animals such as snails, slugs, prawns or crabs which act as hosts to these parasites.
• Anisakiasis: Intestinal infection by a parasitic worm (Anisakidae). Infection usually occurs by eating seafood infected with the larvae.
• Ascaris lumbricoides: Common roundworm infecting human intestines. Causing restlessness, fever, diarrhea.
• Aspergillosis: Infection with a fungus called Aspergillus.
• Asthma: A condition which is characterized by recurrent attacks of paroxysmal dyspnoea
• Atopic dermatitis: Skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, and pruritis. Often hereditary and associated with allergic rhinitis and asthma.
• Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease: A rare disease where inflammatory granular nodules form in various organs.
• Capillaria philippiensis infection: A fish borne parasite that can infect humans. Transmission most often occurs through ingestion of contaminated fish. Severity of symptoms tend to increase as the number of worms multiply in the intestines. Death can occur if the condition is left untreated.
• Carbamazepine - Teratogenic Agent: There is strong evidence to indicate that exposure to Carbamazepine during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Caterpillar complication poisoning: The spines on certain caterpillars can cause a skin reaction as well as systemic symptoms if ingested. The nature of the symptoms vary depending on the species of caterpillar involved. Some only produce skin reactions whereas others can produce systemic symptoms.
• Chromosome 21q, partial deletion: A rare chromosomal disorder where a portion of the long arm of chromosome 21 is deleted.
• Churg-Strauss Syndrome: A rare allergy related disease involving clumping of excess eosinophils which cause inflammation of smaller arteries and veins (granulomatosis). This has a negative effect on the circulatory system and the lungs resulting in asthma and organ damage.
• Clomipramine - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Clomipramine (an antidepressant and anxiolytic drug) during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Clonorchiasis: Infection with the Chinese liver fluke called Clonchorchis sinensis. Infection usually results from ingesting contaminated fish and crayfish. The infection primarily affects the liver as the flukes tend to occupy the biliary ducts of the liver. Recurring infections can cause more severe symptoms. Infection with this fluke is endemic in Asia but can occur occasionally in countries such as the US though the source of contamination is food from Asia.
• Coccidioidomycosis: An infectious fungal disease caused by inhaling the spores of a particular bacteria. Also called desert fever, desert rheumatism, San Joaquin fever and valley fever.
• Congenital Toxoplasmosis: Fetal infection with toxoplasmosis.
• Connective tissue disorders: Any condition affecting connective tissues.
• Dermatitis herpetiformis: A condition which is characterized by a chronic pruritic dermatitis
• Dermatomyositis: A muscle disease characterized by chronic muscle inflammation resulting in progressive muscle weakness and a characteristic rash.
• Dothiepin - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Dothiepin during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Dracunculiasis: An infectious disease caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis which is usually transmitted by drinking water contaminated by infected crustaceans.
• Eczema: Skin rash usually from allergic causes.
• Endomyocardial fibrosis: Heart disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of the lining of one or both lower heart cavities. This results in constriction of the heart cavity and may involve the heart valves and other structures.
• Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: A life-threatening condition caused by ingesting tryptophan.
• Eosinophilic fasciitis: A rare disorder where the skin on the limbs become painfully inflamed and looses it's elasticity.
• Eosinophilic granuloma: A fairly benign form of bone tumor.
• Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis: A rare skin disorder characterized by the recurring development of characteristic skin papules and pustules.
• Farmer's lung: A condition that affects farmers who are exposed to mouldy hay or crops. The lungs become inflamed due to a hypersensitivity reaction to the exposure.
• Fascioliasis: A rare parastitic infectious disease caused by liver fluke Fasciola hepatica which can cause blockage of the bile ducts in the liver.
• Food allergy: adverse immune response to a food protein
• Fungal infections: Symptoms from various fungal infections
• Gnathostoma hispidum infection: A tapeworm infection with a tapeworm species called Gnathostoma hispidum. The infection is called gnathostomiasis and usually results from eating undercooked contaminated fish or poultry or drinking contaminated water. The nature and severity of symptoms vary depending on which part of the body the tapeworms migrate through (usually the skin).
• Gnathostoma spinigerum infection: A tapeworm infection with a tapeworm species called Gnathostoma spinigerum. The infection is called gnathostomiasis and usually results from eating undercooked contaminated fish or poultry or drinking contaminated water. The nature and severity of symptoms vary depending on which part of the body the tapeworms migrate through (usually the skin).
• Helminthiasis: Infection of the human body with a parasitic worm such as roundworms and pinworms. The worms usually only involve the intestinal tract but sometimes they may invade other organs. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the type of worm and the part of the body infected.
• Heterophyiasis: Infection with a type of intestinal fluke (Heterophyes heterophyes). Infection usually occurs through eating raw or undercooked contaminated freshwater fish. The adult fluke attaches itself to the intestinal wall and causes ulcers which may be asymptomatic unless there is an extensive infestation.
• Hodgkin's Disease: A form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system.
• Hookworm: Worm spread through feces with poor sanitation.
• Hydatidosis: A parasitic infection caused by a tapeworm larva called echinococci. The type and severity of symptoms is determined by the location of the infestation - the most common site for the larval cysts is the liver. The most common symptoms are due to compression of nearby organs or blood vessels due to increasing size of the cyst. The larva may incubate for months or even years.
• Hyper-IgE syndrome, autosomal recessive: A recessively inherited immunodeficiency disorder characterized by excessive production of IgE and frequent bacterial infections mainly involving the skin. There is no skeletal involvement as in the dominantly inherited form of the condition.
• Hypereosinophilic syndrome: A rare condition where too many eosinophils are produced over an extended period of time for no apparent reason. The eosinophils can infiltrate various organs and tissues and cause dysfunction or damage
• Idiopathic eosinophilic chronic pneumopathy: A rare disorder where eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) accumulate in the lungs and cause problems. The symptoms occur gradually over a period of weeks or even months.
• Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: A rare blood disorder where the bone marrow produces too many eosinophils over a long period of time which can cause organ or tissue damage. The disorder can affect and part of the body but most often affects the skin, heart and nervous system. The increased eosinophil production continues for a long period of time (at least 6 months) and there is no apparent cause.
• Imipramine - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Imipramine during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Interstitial nephritis: Any primary or secondary condition which affects the renal interstitial tissue
• Isosporiasis: Infection with a type of protozoan parasite (Isoporo belli). Infections tend to occur in tropical countries and AIDS patients are the most susceptible. Healthy individuals tend to recover within weeks whereas the disease persists for months or years in immunocompromised patients and may ultimately result in death. Incubation period is about one week.
• Isosporosiasis: A parasitic disease caused by a protozoa called Isospora belli. Infection occurs through eating contaminated food and tends to occur in tropical areas. Immunocompromised patients tend to be more susceptible to the infection and the symptoms are more severe.
• Kimura disease: A rare inflammatory disorder involving the development of clusters of nodules on the head and neck area. Kidney symptoms also usually occur.
• Kostmann disease: A rare inherited blood disorder involving a lack of neutrophils which are a type of white blood cell needed to fight bacterial infections.
• Lymphatic Filariasis: Parasitic worm infection of the lympatic system
• Magrassi-Leonardi syndrome: A type of eosinophilic lung disease possibly caused by a virus. The condition may have variable presentations. Some patients have a severe pneumonia-like illness whereas other suffer fever, weakness and muscle pain for a few days.
• Mansonella ozzardi infection: Infection with a type of nematode (Mansonella ozzardi) found in Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Infection occurs through the bit of infected midges and blackflies.
• Mansonelliasis: Infection with a nematode (worm-like parasite) called Mansonella. Transmission usually occurs through the bite of a midge.
• Metagonimiasis: Infection with a parasitic intestinal fluke called Metagonimus yokogawa. Infection usually occurs when eating undercooked or salted fish which are infected with the parasite. It is most common in the Far East, Siberia, Israel and Spain.
• Minocycline - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Minocycline during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Myeloproliferative diseases: Any disease where various blood cells proliferate excessively, such as leukemia.
• Myocarditis: A condition which is characterized by inflammation of the muscles of the heart
• Nalidixic Acid - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Nalidixic Acid during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Nortriptyline - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Nortriptyline during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
• Omenn syndrome: A rare inherited disorder of the immune system involving B and T lymphocytes and characterized by skin rash and frequent infections.
• Opisthorchiasis: Infection with a type of fluke (Southeast Asian liver fluke or cat liver fluke). Infection usually occurs by consuming infected undercooked fish. Acute infection may cause fever, joint pain, rash, eosinophilia and lymphadenopathy where as chronic infections may cause enlarged liver, malnutrition. Mild cases can cause constipation, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Occasionally, the infection may be asymptomatic and in the other extreme, severe cases may result in complications such as cholangiocarcinoma.
• Paragonimiasis: Infection by a parasitic worm, Paragonimus westermani, which are a type of lung fluke which invade the lungs, and sometimes other organs, where they cause problems. Occasionally the parasites infect the brain which can occasionally result in death. Infection occurs through eating freshwater crabs and crayfish which have not been cooked sufficiently.
• Paraneoplastic syndromes:
• Pemphigus Vulgaris: A severe autoimmune skin disease characterized by blistering of the skin including the mucous membranes inside the mouth and esophagus.
• Polyarteritis nodosa: A serious blood vessel disease where small and medium-sized arteries become swollen and damaged and are unable to adequately supply oxygenated blood to various tissues in the body. The disease can occur in a mild form or a serious, rapidly fatal form.
• Primary sclerosing cholangitis: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology that is recognized increasingly in children.
• Psoriasis: Chronic skin rash condition, usually red or silver and blistery.
• Rice millers' syndrome: A condition caused by exposure the rice husk particles in the air.
• River Blindness: Skin and eye infection caused by the helminth (worm) 'Onchocerca volvulus', transmitted via fly bites and usually seen only in parts of Africa, the Middle East and South America
• Scabies: Mite infection of the skin common in institutions.
• Spirometra erinace-ieuropaei infection: Infection with a tapeworm species called Spirometra erinace-ieuropaei. Infection usually results from ingesting contaminated food or water. The parasite can migrate to any part of the body but usually resides under the skin where it develops into a nodule.
• Spirometra mansoni infection: Infection with a tapeworm species called Spirometra mansoni. Infection usually results from ingesting contaminated food or water. The parasite can migrate to any part of the body but usually resides under the skin where it develops into a nodule.
• Spirometra mansonoides infection: Infection with a tapeworm species called Spirometra mansonoides. Infection usually results from ingesting contaminated food or water. The parasite can migrate to any part of the body but usually resides under the skin where it develops into a nodule.
• Spirometra theileri infection: Infection with a tapeworm species called Spirometra theileri. Infection usually results from ingesting contaminated food or water. The parasite can migrate to any part of the body but usually resides under the skin where it develops into a nodule.
• Stevens Johnson syndrome: A rare but serious condition involving inflammation and blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. It is believed to be an allergic reaction that can occur in response to some drugs or infectious diseases.
• Strongyloidiasis: A parasitic infectious disease involving the intestines and caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. Infection usually occurs in crowded, unsanitized populations.
• Systemic lupus erythematosus: chronic autoimmune disease that can be fatal, though with recent medical advances, fatalities are becoming increasingly rare.
• TAR syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by the absence of radial bones of both forearms and thrombocytopenia.
• Toxocariasis: A parasitic roundworm (Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati) infection that normally occurs in cats and dogs but can be transmitted to humans by ingesting the larvae or eggs. The infection may be asymptomatic or severe and symptoms depend on where the larvae travel to when they migrate through the body.
• Trichinosis: Worm infection usually caught from pigs
• Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection causing nodules forming, most commonly in the lung.
• Vasculitis: A condition which is characterized by inflammation to blood vessels
• Visceral larva migrans: A parasitic roundworm (Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati) infection that normally occurs in cats and dogs but can be transmitted to humans by ingesting the larvae or eggs. The infection may be asymptomatic or severe and symptoms depend on where the larvae travel to when they migrate through the body.
• Wegener's granulomatosis: A rare disease involving blood vessel inflammation which can affect the blood flow to various tissues and organs and hence cause damage. The respiratory system and the kidneys are the main systems affected.
• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome: An inherited immune system disorder that affects only males and is characterized by recurring infections, eczema and reduced level of blood platelets (thrombocytopenia).

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