Glossary for Fertility symptoms

Medical terms related to Fertility symptoms or mentioned in this section include:

• $17-$: A rare disorder characterized caused by an enzyme (17-ketosteroid reductase) defect only in the testes which results in a lack of testosterone which is needed during the fetal stage to give males there physical characteristics.
• $46,XX testicular DSD$: A sex chromosome disorder in males which affects gonadal development and causes infertility. Males have XX chromosomes instead of the normal XY.
• $46,XX testicular disorder of sex development$: A sex chromosome disorder in males which affects gonadal development and causes infertility. Males have XX chromosomes instead of the normal XY.
• $47,XXX syndrome$: A genetic condition where females have an extra X chromosome in each of their cells. Normally female cells have two X chromosomes. This is not usually an inherited condition but a defect that occurs during cell division. Often the condition is asymptomatic.
• Abdominal Cancer: Growth of abnormal cells (tumour) affecting the organs in the abdominal cavity; may be due to primary growth of a tumour or spread from another tumour (metastases, secondary tumour)
• Adolescent cataract and infertility syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by cataracts and infertility in male adolescents.
• Adrenal Cancer: A malignant cancer that develops in the adrenal gland. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids. Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
• Adrenal Cortex Diseases: Diseases of the adrenal cortex. Examples includes Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome and adrenal fatigue.
• Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital (General): Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an inherited condition characterized by adrenal insufficiency. It is caused by a deficiency in an enzyme needed to produce certain adrenal hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.
• Adrenal adenoma, familial: A benign tumor that develops in the adrenal gland and tends to run in families. The tumor may be nonfunctioning (does not produce hormones) or functioning in which case excessive levels of hormones can cause a variety of symptoms depending on which hormone is involved. Adrenal hormones made in the cortex (outer part of the gland) are aldosterone, corticosteroids and androgenic steroids . Adrenalin and noradrenalin are the hormones made in the medulla (central part of the adrenal gland).
• Adrenal gland hyperfunction: Excessive activity of the adrenal gland which causes excessive production of one or more adrenal hormones (aldosterone, corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine). The increased adrenal gland activity may be caused by an adrenal gland tumor or by excessive stimulation of the gland. Pituitary hormones stimulate adrenal gland activity.
• Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital type 3: A group of disorders that occur when a deficiency of 21-hydroxylase impairs the normal process of making adrenal corticosteroids. The severity of the condition is variable depending on the degree of deficiency.
• Adrenal hypoplasia congenital, X-linked: A genetic disorder which affects the body tissues that produce hormones. It is characterized by underdeveloped adrenal glands which results adrenal insufficiency and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.
• Adrenal incidentaloma: A tumor of the adrenal gland that is discovered incidentally while performing an imaging examination for reasons other than an adrenal tumor. The tumor may be asymptomatic or can causes excessive secretion of adrenal hormones and resulting symptoms. The tumor may also be malignant or benign.
• Adrenocortical carcinoma: A condition which is characterized by malignancy which affects the adrenocortex.
• Adrenoleukodystrophy: A rare hereditary metabolic disease that only occurs in male children and is characterized by adrenal atrophy and extensive cerebral demyelination causing progressive loss of mental functioning, aphasia, apraxia and sometimes blindness. The patient usually dies within 5 years.
• Adverse reaction to chemical - 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane: 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane is a chemical used in soil fumigants and as a nematocide for various field crops. Commercial examples include Fumagon, Nemagon, Fumazone, Nemapax, Nemafume. Some people can suffer an adverse reaction to the chemical. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the route of exposure.
• Ahumada-Del Castillo Syndrome: A form of secondary amenorrhea often resulting from a pituitary gland tumor. The condition causes galactorrhea and amenorrhea even when the patient is not pregnant.
• Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Females with male XY genetics but inability to respond to testosterone.
• Androgen insensitivity syndrome, partial: A rare inherited condition where males are partially insensitive to the male hormones which results in varying degrees of feminization. The effect of the condition can range from the presence of normal female sexual characteristics to normal male sexual characteristics or a combination of both.
• Anorchia: Congenital condition where one or both testes are absent.
• Anorchidia: A rare birth defect where the testes are absent. The testes may regress at any stage of fetal development. The stage of fetal growth at which the testes regress will affect the presentation of the disorder at birth. The presentation at birth may range from varying degrees of genital ambiguity with streak gonads.
• Anterior pituitary hyperhormonotrophic syndrome: A syndrome characterized by the excessive production of various hormones (gonadotrophic, thyrotrophic, lactotrophic and pancreatrophic hormone).
• Appendiceal tumor: A tumor of the appendix. The condition is often misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis. The cancer usually metastasizes from other sites and rarely starts in the appendix.
• Appendix cancer: Cancer of the appendix. The cancer usually metastasizes from other sites and rarely starts in the appendix.
• Aromatase deficiency: A congenital deficiency of the enzyme called aromatase which is needed to convert androgens to estrogens.
• Asherman's syndrome: Scarring and adhesions that develop in the uterus and can result in menstrual and fertility problems.
• Attenuated congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Autoimmune Endometriosis: An endometriosis that is caused by an autoimmune reaction
• Autoimmune oophoritis: An autoimmune condition where the body's own immune system attacks the ovaries and causes them to become inflamed. It can lead to ovarian function stopping prematurely.
• Autoimmune thyroid disease associated Celiac Disease: Patients with autoimmune thyroid disease are more susceptible to developing celiac disease than the average population. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Azoospermia: Total lack of sperm in ejaculate
• Biemond syndrome type 2: A rare inherited condition characterized by mental retardation, obesity, polydactyly and underdeveloped genitals.
• Birth symptoms: Symptoms related to childbirth.
• Bladder Cancer: Bladder cancer refers to any of several types of malignant growths of the urinary bladder. It is a disease in which abnormal cells multiply without control in the bladder.
• Bloom Syndrome: A rare genetic inherited genetic disorder which mainly affects Ashkenazic Jewish people and is characterized by short stature, malar hypoplasia, and a telangiectatic erythema of the face.
• Boucher-Neuhauser syndrome: A very rare disorder characterized by spinocerebellar ataxia, eye abnormalities and a failure of the pituitary to stimulate gonadal development during puberty.
• Bronchiectasis - oligospermia: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of bronchiectasis (enlarged bronchial airways) and a defect in the sperm ducts which affects the number of sperm produced. Patients suffer frequent bacterial infections.
• Calloso-genital dysplasia: A rare syndrome characterized by the total absence of the brain structure that connects the two halves of the brain (corpus callosum) as well as absent menstruation and coloboma.
• Cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism, collagenoma syndrome: A rare inherited condition characterized primarily by skin nodules. The skin nodules may be associated with organ system involvement resulting in a variety of other symptoms.
• Cephalothoracic progressive lipodystrophy: A rare acquired disorder that involves adipose tissue abnormalities and is characterized by loss of adipose tissue mainly in the trunk and arms.
• Cervicitis: A condition which is characterized by inflammation of the cervix
• Chemical poisoning - 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane: 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane is a chemical used in soil fumigants and as a nematocide for various field crops. Commercial examples include Fumagon, Nemagon, Fumazone, Nemapax, Nemafume. Excessive exposure to this chemical can cause relatively mild symptoms. The chemical may be absorbed through the skin. The severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the route of exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Chlordecone: Chlordecone is an insecticide used to control pests in crops such as bananas and tobacco. Ingestion and other exposures to the chemical can cause various symptoms. The chemical may be readily absorbed through the skin. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Lead-containing Paint: Lead pain contains lead as well as other harmful chemicals. The lead in the pain is toxic (especially to young children) and ingesting fresh or old paint can cause serious symptoms. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chiari-Frommel syndrome: A hormonal disorder where a woman continues to produce milk even after the child has been weaned.
• Chlamydia: Common sexually transmitted disease often without symptoms.
• Chromosome Y deletion: An inherited chromosomal disorder where the deletion of the chromosome results in male infertility.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Long-term and generally irreversible disease of the kidneys due to infection, obstruction, congenital diseases or generalised diseases causing failure of the kidneys' normal functions.
• Chudley syndrome 1: A rare syndrome characterized by mental retardation, obesity, hypogonadism and a distinctive mouth.
• Ciliary dyskinesia, due to transposition of ciliary microtubules: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move adequately due to abnormal cilia structure. The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Collagenous celiac disease: Collagenous celiac disease is used to describe progressive celiac disease characterized by the presence of a layer of collagen (scarring) in the intestinal layers. This form of celiac disease usually fails to respond to treatments such as gluten-free diets. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The condition usually fails to respond to treatment and has a poor prognosis.
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - non-classical form: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia - simple virilizing form in females: A group of disorder that occur when a deficiency of 21-hydroxylase impairs the normal process of making adrenal corticosteroids. The simple virilizing form involves a moderate deficiency of 21-hydroxylase and differs in its effects on males and females.
• Congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens: A birth defect where the tubes that carry sperm from the testes to the penis don't develop.
• Congenital giant megaureter: A rare condition where the patient is born with an abnormally dilated ureter. The anomaly is often associated with other defects or anomalies. The severity of the anomaly is variable.
• Cortisone reductase deficiency: An inborn error of steroid metabolism due to a deficiency of an enzyme called cortisone reductase (11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). This enzyme is needed to convert cortisone to cortisol.
• Cushing syndrome, familial: A hormonal disorder caused by high levels of the cortisol hormone due to the abnormal development of the adrenal gland.
• Cushing-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of Cushing's disease
• Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure.
• Cystic fibrosis - gastritis - megaloblastic anaemia: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by cystic fibrosis, metaloblastic anemia, mental retardation and gastritis due to helicobacter pylori.
• De la Chapelle syndrome: A sex chromosome disorder in males which affects gonadal development and causes infertility. Males have XX chromosomes instead of the normal XY.
• Deafness hypogonadism syndrome: A rare condition characterized by the combination of hypogonadism and deafness.
• Del Castillo's syndrome: Infertility due to absence of germinal cells which are needed to make sperm.
• Dermoid cyst: Benign cystic tumor often containing skin, hair, and other tissue
• Diethylstilbestrol antenatal exposure: Abnormalities and defects that can occur in an infant exposed to diethylstilbestrol (a medication used to prevent complications during pregnancy such as miscarriage and prematurity) during pregnancy. The syndrome
• Diethylstilbestrol antenatal infection: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly caused by exposure to diethylstilbestrol (used to prevent complications during pregnancy such as miscarriage and prematurity) during pregnancy
• Down Syndrome: A chromosome syndrome causing physical effects and mental retardation.
• Down's syndrome associated Celiac Disease: Patients with Down's syndrome have a high degree of susceptibility to developing celiac disease. Up to 17% of Down's syndrome sufferers develop celiac disease but this rate varies amongst age groups and country of origin. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding: Uterus bleeding unrelated to periods
• Dysmenorrhea: Excessive menstrual-like cramping pain
• Ectodermal dysplasia, Berlin type: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by the absence of many or all teeth, a lack of hair, mental retardation and skin abnormalities.
• Endometrial conditions: Conditions that affect the female endometrium that is located in the uterus
• Endometriosis: Misplaced uterus tissue causing scar tissue.
• Factor XIII Deficiency: A very rare inherited or acquired blood disorder caused by a deficiency of Factor XIII which is involved in stabilizing blood clot formation. The condition manifests as bleeding problems.
• Factor XIII deficiency, congenital: A very rare inherited blood disorder caused by a deficiency of Factor XIII which is involved in stabilizing blood clot formation. The condition manifests as bleeding problems.
• Factor XIII, A1 subunit Deficiency: A very rare inherited or acquired blood disorder caused by a deficiency of subunit A of Factor XIII which is involved in stabilizing blood clot formation. The condition manifests as bleeding problems.
• Factor XIII, B subunit Deficiency: A very rare inherited or acquired blood disorder caused by a deficiency of subunit B of Factor XIII which is involved in stabilizing blood clot formation. The condition manifests as bleeding problems.
• Fallopian tube conditions: Conditions that affect the fallopian tubes of a woman
• Fallopian tube symptoms: Symptoms affecting the female fallopian tubes
• Familial hypopituitarism: Impaired pituitary gland hormone-producing activity that tends to run in families. The failure of the pituitary gland in turn affects other hormone-producing glands which rely on the hormones from the pituitary gland for their activity. Symptoms are determined by the degree and type of hormone deficiency involved.
• Female genital disorders: Any condition affecting the female genital organs.
• Female infertility: A condition characterized by the inability of a female to become pregnant
• Female pseudohermaphrodism - anorectal anomalies: A very rare disorder characterized by ambiguous external genitals and anal and rectal anomalies.
• Female reproductive toxicity: There is mounting evidence which indicates that exposure to certain agents may produce adverse reproductive or fetal developmental effects. The possible range of effects includes reduced fertility, low birth weight, childhood cancer, spontaneous abortion and birth defects. Agents which may be implicated in these adverse effects includes anticancer drugs, carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide, lead, pesticides, organic solvents and tobacco smoke.
• Fertile eunuch syndrome: A rare condition where hypogonadism is not severe enough to cause total infertility by may cause reduced infertility. The condition involves reduced amounts of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
• Follicle-stimulating hormone deficiency, isolated: A genetic disorder characterized by the deficiency of follicle-stimulating hormone which primarily affects fertility.
• Forbes-Albright syndrome: A rare condition where a hormone secreting pituitary or hypothalamic tumor causes galactorrhea and amenorrhea.
• Fowler-Christmas-Chapple syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of polycystic ovaries with the abnormal functioning of the urinary valve.
• GAPO syndrome: A rare condition characterized by retarded growth, alopecia, otpic atrophy and failure of teeth to erupt.
• Galactorrhea: This is where there is an excessive or spontaneous flow of milk from the female breast
• Galactorrhoea-Hyperprolactinaemia: Increased blood prolactin levels associated with galactorrhea (abnormal milk secretion). It may be caused by such things as certain medications, pituitary disorders and thyroid disorders. The condition can occur in males as well as females.
• Gelatinous ascites: A large abdominal cyst filled with gelatinous or mucous fluid. It is often caused by a mucous-producing abdominal cancer.
• Gigantism: Gigantism refers to abnormally high linear growth due to excessive action of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) while the epiphyseal growth plates are open during childhood.
• Gonadal dysgenesis: The abnormal development of gonads which means that the sex hormones are not being produced. The gonads are the primary reproductive organs - testes in males and ovaries in females. These organs produced sperm and eggs as well as sex hormones - testes produce the male hormone called testosterone and ovaries produce the female hormone called estrogen. Abnormal gonad development and hence lack of sex hormones can affect sexual differentiation between males and females and puberty may be delayed or fail to occur altogether.
• Gonadal dysgenesis Turner type: The abnormal development of gonads that occurs in Turner syndrome due to a chromosomal abnormality. It occurs when the there is only one fully functioning X chromosome instead of two which results in underdeveloped female characteristics. The severity of symptoms is determined by how much of the second sex chromosome is missing.
• Granulomatous hypophysitis: A rare disorder caused by the inflammation of the pituitary gland. It can occur as a result of other infections such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.
• Gynaecological conditions: Any condition the affects the female reproductive organs
• HAIR-AN Syndrome: A very rare syndrome that affects females only and is characterized mainly by insulin resistance, dark velvety patches of skin and increased male hormone production in females.
• Hashimoto's thyroiditis: A progressive disease of the thyroid which leads to degeneration and hypothyroidism
• Heller-Nelson syndrome: A variant of Klinefelter syndrome (extra X chromosome in most cells) involving a range of abnormalities.
• Hereditary hypothyroidism: Hereditary hypothyroidism is a condition in which there is a defect in the thyroid gland which leads to increased production of TSH reduced production of thyroid hormone.
• Hermaphroditism: A very rare genetic disorder where a baby is born having both male and female internal sex organs.
• Hodgkin's disease, adult: A type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system in adults. The lymphatic system forms part of the body's immune system. This type of cancer can also occur in children.
• Hodgkin's disease, childhood: A type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system in children. The lymphatic system forms part of the body's immune system. This type of cancer can also occur in children.
• Hyperadrenalism: Excessive levels of adrenal hormones in the body. Symptoms depend on which hormone is involved and the degree of involvement. Adrenal hormones are aldosterone, corticosteroids, androgenic steroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
• Hyperandrogenism: Excessive levels of androgen (male sex hormones) that can occur in males and females.
• Hypergonadotropic ovarian failure: Premature onset of menopause - occurs before the fourth decade -average age of onset of menopause is about 50 years of age. The condition can occur sporadically or may be inherited in a familial manner.
• Hypergonadotropic ovarian failure, familial or sporadic: A rare disorder where the ovaries fail to function prematurely. Ovarian failure can occur in the 20's or 30's. Normal ovarian failure occurs during menopause. Premature ovarian failure can be caused by a genetic mutation and can occur sporadically or in a familial pattern.
• Hyperprolactinemia: High levels of prolactin in the blood.
• Hypogonadism - mitral valve prolapse - mental retardation: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by a heart disorder, hypogonadism and mental retardation.
• Hypogonadism, isolated, hypogonadotropic: A rare condition involving a deficiency of sex hormones (leutinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone) which results in partial or complete failure of puberty.
• Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism without anosmia, X-linked: A rare X-linked disorder involving a deficiency of sex hormones (leutinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone). It is similar to Kallman syndrome but the sense of smell is preserved.
• Hypoparathyroidism X-linked: Low parathyroid levels inherited in a X-linked manner and hence only males are symptomatic and females are asymptomatic carriers.
• Hypopituitarism: A condition characterized by diminished hormonal section by the pituitary gland
• Hysterectomy: The surgical removal of the female uterus
• Ichthyosis male hypogonadism: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by scaly skin and insufficient hormone production by the male gonads.
• Immotile cilia syndrome, due to defective radial spokes: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move adequately due to abnormal cilia structure. The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Immotile cilia syndrome, due to excessively long cilia: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move adequately due to abnormally long cilia. The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Infantile hypothyroidism: A condition in infancy or early childhood due to an in-utero deficiency of thyroid hormones that can be caused by genetic or environmental factors, such as thyroid dysgenesis or hypothyroidism in infants of mothers treated with thiouracil during pregnancy.
• Infertility: Inability of couples to establish pregnancy by having sexual intercourse over a period of time, usually more than 1 year in length.
• Kallmann Syndrome: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism, eunuchoidism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance.
• Kallmann syndrome 2: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 2 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome 8p11.2-p11.1.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 1, X-linked: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 1 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome Xp22.3.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 3, recessive: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 3 is recessively inherited and the genetic defect is located at chromosome 20p13.
• Kallmann syndrome, type 4: A rare inherited condition characterized by hypogonadism and impaired or absent sense of smell. The condition occurs as a result of failure of a part of the hypothalamus which results in hormonal imbalance. Type 4 is caused by a genetic defect located at chromosome 3p21.1.
• Klinefelter syndrome: A genetic condition where males have at least one extra X chromosome or extra copies of both the X and Y chromosomes in each cell. Normally male cells contain one X and one Y chromosome in each cell. The condition is not inherited but is a result of problems during cell division. Klinefelter syndrome variants is a more severe form of the condition as it involves more than one extra X or X and Y chromosome in each cell.
• Klinefelter syndrome, variants: A genetic condition where males have at least one extra X chromosome or extra copies of both the X and Y chromosomes in each cell. Normally male cells contain one X and one Y chromosome in each cell. The condition is not inherited but is a result of problems during cell division.
• Lactotroph adenoma: A benign pituitary tumor that secretes excessive prolactin which can affect the functioning of the reproductive system - testes and ovaries. The tumor may also grow large enough to compress adjacent structures such as the eye nerves.
• Laurence-Moon Syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized by vision loss, impaired hormone production, mental retardation and spastic paraplegia.
• Lead poisoning: A type of heavy metal poisoning caused by excessive exposure to lead.
• Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where the early phase of adrenal cortisol production is defective which causes mineralocorticoid deficiency. Male pseudohermaphroditism is the main characteristic of this disorder.
• Low-level radiation exposure: Tissue injury can result from exposure to radiation. The radiation dose, rate of dosing and tissues irradiated will determine the severity and type of symptoms. The effects may be chronic, delayed or acute. Low-level radiation is usually associated with delayed effects.
• Lundberg II syndrome: A rare syndrome involving cataracts, reduced hormone production by ovaries or testes and myopathy which mainly involves the facial and muscles close to the trunk.
• Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, deficiency of, with ataxia: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by insufficient sex hormone production and impaired balance and coordination due to nervous system dysfunction.
• Male infertility: When a male is not able to produce offspring
• Male reproductive toxicity - 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP): Exposure to 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP), a recognized reproductive toxicant, can negatively affect the male reproductive system. 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) is used mainly as an ingredient in pesticides such as Fumazone and Nemagon. The severity and nature of the adverse effect is variable and can be influenced by factors such as level of exposure and individual sensitivity to the chemical. Effects on the male reproductive system can include such things as altered sexual behavior, altered fertility and problems with sperm shape or count.
• Marijuana abuse: Illicit depressant/hallucinogenic drug
• Marijuana addiction: Marijuana addiction is the uncontrollable desire to use marijuana on a regular basis. Frequent use leads to an increased tolerance to the drug so higher and higher doses are required to achieve the desired euphoric feeling.
• Martsolf syndrome: A rare inherited condition characterized by mental retardation, cataracts, small head and hypogonadism (reduced production of hormones by ovaries or testes).
• Masculinisation: Increased male physical appearance in females
• Medication related hypothyroidism: Drug-induced hypothyroidism is an underactive thyroid gland due to a reaction from medication.
• Muckle-Wells syndrome: An inherited condition characterized by amyloidosis (protein deposits), deafness, hives and limb pain.
• Mullerian derivatives, persistent: A very rare syndrome where a genetic defect results in the development of female organs in an otherwise normal male. The genetic defect causes a hormone deficiency (anti-mullerian hormone) which allows mullerian derivates, such as a uterus, to form in males.
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Myoma (fibroid): A benign tumour of the muscle in the wall of the uterus.
• Nicotine addiction: Nicotine addiction is the uncontrollable desire to continue smoking. Smoking products contain nicotine which is a chemical that can lead to addiction if used over a period of time. Cessation causes withdrawal symptoms which can vary in nature and severity.
• Non Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A late onset form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia where insufficient adrenal corticosteroids are produced by the body due to the deficiency of a particular chemical. The severity of symptoms varies from person to person and onset may occur as early as childhood.
• Non-Specific Urethritis: Urethral infection usually sexually transmitted
• Oligospermia: Abnormally small amount of spermatozoa in the semen.
• Orchitis: Inflammation of the testes.
• Ovarian insufficiency due to FSH resistance: A rare disorder where the ovaries fail to function normally as they are unable to respond to follicle stimulating hormones.
• Ovarian insufficiency, familial: A rare inherited disorder where the ovaries fail to function normally despite normal levels of hormones that stimulate ovarian activity. Ovarian failure is a normal phase of aging and is associated with menopause but it is termed ovarian insufficiency when it occurs in a female under the age of 40.
• Ovary symptoms: Symptoms affecting the ovaries
• Panhypopituitarism: A rare condition where all pituitary hormones are absent or reduced. The condition may be congenital or acquired through such things as pituitary tumors. The pituitary gland regulates the activity of other endocrine glands as well as controlling growth. Other endocrine glands include adrenal, parathyroid, thyroid, pancreas, ovaries and testes. Symptoms can vary greatly depending on the degree of deficiency of the various hormones.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease: A condition which is characterized by an infection which is located in the upper female genital tract
• Perimenopause: The start of onset of menopause
• Phenylketonuria: A metabolic disorder where there is a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase which leads to a harmful buildup of the phenylalanine in the body. Normally the phenylalanine is converted into tyrosine. The severity of the symptoms can range from severe enough to cause mental retardation to mild enough not to require treatment. Severity is determined by the level of impairment of enzyme activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase.
• Pituitary Cancer: Cancer of the pituitary gland.
• Pituitary cancer, childhood: Cancer (malignant) of the pituitary gland in children. The pituitary gland produces various hormones and some pituitary tumors (functioning tumors) can affect the secretion of one or more of these hormones resulting in a range of symptoms depending on the exact location of the tumor. Some pituitary tumors do not affect hormone production (nonfunctioning tumors).
• Pituitary tumors, adult: A benign or cancer tumor that develops in the tissue of the pituitary gland in adults. The pituitary gland produces various hormones and some pituitary tumors (functioning tumors) can affect the secretion of one or more of these hormones resulting in a range of symptoms depending on the exact location of the tumor. Some pituitary tumors do not affect hormone production (nonfunctioning tumors).
• Polycystic ovarian disease, familial: A rare familial condition characterized by menstrual abnormalities, excessive growth of hair, obesity and infertility.
• Polycystic ovaries urethral sphincter dysfunction: A rare syndrome characterized by the association of polycystic ovaries with the abnormal functioning of the urinary valve.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects approximately 5% of all women.
• Pregnancy symptoms: Symptoms related to pregnancy.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia, 2: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. Type 2 differs from the other forms of primary ciliar dyskinesia in the location of the genetic defect (19q13.3qter). The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia, 3: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. Type 3 differs from the other forms of primary ciliar dyskinesia in the location of the genetic defect (5p). The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia, 4: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. Type 4 differs from the other forms of primary ciliar dyskinesia in the location of the genetic defect (15q13.1-q15.1). The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia, 5: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. Type 5 differs from the other forms of primary ciliar dyskinesia in the location of the genetic defect (16p12.2-p12.1). The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary ciliary dyskinesia, 6: A very rare disorder where the cilia fail to move. Type 6 differs from the other forms of primary ciliar dyskinesia in the location of the genetic defect (7p14-p13). The cilia are tiny, hair-like structures found in the respiratory and ear passages and help to clear debris and mucus. This results in increases risk of respiratory infections, sinusitis, ear infections and male infertility. The infertility results as the tails of sperm is basically cilia.
• Primary hypothyroidism: Primary hypothyroidism is a condition in which a defect in the thyroid gland leads to reduced production of thyroid hormone.
• Prolactinoma: Benign cancer of the pituitary gland producing prolactin.
• Prolactinoma, familial: A pituitary tumor that secretes prolactin and occurs in a familial pattern of inheritance. The tumor is benign but can cause symptoms due to high prolactin levels or compression of the optic nerve.
• Prostatic tuberculosis: Tuberculous prostatitis must be viewed as a systemic disease, and the treatment is primarily medical. Hospitalization is usually unnecessary but may be required to treat noncompliant patients.
• Proximal myotonic dystrophy: A very rare genetic muscle disorder which is often associated with cataracts, abnormal heart rhythm and infertility. Muscle weakness tends to occur more in muscles closer to the trunk such as the neck, shoulders, hips and upper legs. Pregnancy can exacerbate or initiate symptoms.
• Pseudohermaphrodism - anorectal anomalies: A very rare disorder characterized by ambiguous external genitals and anal and rectal anomalies.
• Psychiatric disorders associated Celiac Disease: Patients with Psychiatric disorders are more susceptible to developing celiac disease than the average population. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Radiation sickness: Illness from radiation exposure or cancer radiotherapy.
• Reduced sperm count: A reduction in the normal sperm count of a males semen
• Refractory Celiac Disease: Refractory Celiac Disease is celiac disease that fails to respond to treatment which involves a gluten-free diet. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The condition is quite uncommon and often the resulting poor absorption of nutrients from the intestines leads to a poor prognosis.
• Reproductive toxicity - Chlordecone (Kepone): Chlordecone (Kepone) is a suspected reproductive toxicant and exposure to it has the potential to negatively affect the human reproductive system. Chlordecone (Kepone) is used as an insecticide. The severity and nature of the adverse effect is variable and can be influenced by factors such as sex, level of exposure and individual sensitivity to the chemical. Effects on the female reproductive systems can include such things as menstrual problems, altered sexual behavior, infertility, altered puberty onset, altered length of pregnancy, lactation problems, altered menopause onset and pregnancy outcome. Effects on the male reproductive system can include such things as altered sexual behavior, altered fertility and problems with sperm shape or count.
• Resistance to LH (luteinizing hormone): A genetic abnormality where the body is unable to respond to luteinizing hormone which affects ovarian and testicular function.
• Retinitis pigmentosa, deafness, mental retardation, hypogonadism: A rare genetic disorder characterized by mental retardation, reduced hormone production by the testes or ovaries, deafness and vision problems.
• Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome: A rare inherited disorder characterized mainly by eye, liver and endocrine function abnormalities.
• Rokitansky-Küster-Haüser syndrome: A rare condition characterized by absence of the vagina and uterine abnormalities.
• Round-head spermatozoa syndrome: A condition where the sperm are abnormally round-headed. The level of fertility impairment depends on how prevalent the abnormal sperm are.
• Rud Syndrome: A condition characterized by ichthyosis, epilepsy, short stature, hypogonadism and severe mental retardation.
• SIBIDS syndrome: A rare disorder characterized mainly by sulfur-deficient brittle hair as well as osteosclerosis.
• Sexual dysfunction: A condition which is characterized by difficulties in sexual function
• Sexual symptoms: Symptoms affecting the sexual organs
• Smoking: The smoking of cigarettes
• Sohval-Soffer syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, hypogonadism and skeletal abnormalities.
• Spermatogenesis arrest: A rare, usually genetic disorder involving abnormal sperm development and resulting in infertility. Hormonal and toxic causes can be treated and fertility restored.
• Spermatogenic failure, nonobstructive, Y-linked: Male infertility or reduced sperm count due to a chromosomal disorder rather than an obstruction. Some men with reduced sperm counts are still able to father children naturally.
• Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A rare condition characterized by progressive degeneration of the spinal and brainstem motor neurons. During fetal development excess primary neurons are formed. The body automatically destroys the extra primary neurons so that only some survive and mature into neurons. In spinal muscular dystrophy, the process that destroys the excess primary neurons doesn't switch off and continues destroying the neurons resulting in progressive motor problems. Various types of the condition range from mild to severe enough to cause death within a couple of years of birth.
• Stampe-Sorensen syndrome: A rare uterine abnormality which affects fertility in women.
• Steroid abuse: Steroids are man-made chemicals that can be used to promote muscle development and increase male sexual characteristics. Steroids are a prescription drug usually used to treat disorders such as delayed puberty and body wasting in AIDS patients. Excessive or improper use of steroids usually occurs in athletes and can result in a range of unwanted symptoms.
• Subfertility: A condition which is characterized by a less that normal ability to reproduce
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 1: Susceptibility to celiac disease 1 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 6p21.3) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 10: Susceptibility to celiac disease 10 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 3q25-q26) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 11: Susceptibility to celiac disease 11 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 3q28) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 12: Susceptibility to celiac disease 12 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 6q25) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 13: Susceptibility to celiac disease 13 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 12q24) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 2: Susceptibility to celiac disease 2 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 5q31-q33) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 3: Susceptibility to celiac disease 3 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 2q33) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 4: Susceptibility to celiac disease 4 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 19p13.1) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 5: Susceptibility to celiac disease 5 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 15q11-q13) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 6: Susceptibility to celiac disease 6 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 4q27) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 7: Susceptibility to celiac disease 7 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 1q133) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 8: Susceptibility to celiac disease 8 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 2q11-q12) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Susceptibility to Celiac Disease 9: Susceptibility to celiac disease 9 is a term allocated to a genetic defect on a particular chromosome (chromosome 3p21) which makes a patient more susceptible to developing celiac disease. However, it is important to note that having the genetic anomaly does not mean a person will definitely develop celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Swyer syndrome: A rare disorder where a female has all the normal external femal characteristics but has non-functioning gonads. This means that none sex hormones needed for puberty are produced.
• Thyroid symptoms: Symptoms affecting the thyroid gland
• Triple-X syndrome: A condition that is characterised by the occurrence of three X chromosomes
• Turner Syndrome: Rare chromosome syndrome with one X but no second X or Y chromosome.
• Turner syndrome associated Celiac Disease: Females with Turner syndrome are more susceptible to developing celiac disease than the average population. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Type 1 diabetes related Celiac Disease: Patients with Type 1 diabetes are more susceptible to developing celiac disease than the average population. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Uterine fibroids: Benign nodules in the uterus wall.
• Vaginal atresia: A birth defect where the vagina is blocked off to varying degrees. It is often associated with syndromes such as Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Fraser syndrome and Rokitansky-Mayer-Juster-Hauser syndrome.
• Vaginal discharge: Discharge from the vagina as a symptom
• Varicocele: Varicose veins around the testes
• Vohwinkel syndrome: A rare condition where tight bands of thickened skin form around the base of fingers and toes and generally leads to self-amputation of the digit. Hearing loss is also associated with the condition.
• Weinstein Kliman Scully syndrome: A syndrome that is characterised by cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism and metablic anomalies
• Werner syndrome: A form of premature aging where sufferers start aging during adolescence or soon after and appear old by the time they reach their 30's or 40's. Milder forms of the condition may also occur.
• William's syndrome associated Celiac Disease: Patients with William's syndrome are more susceptible to developing celiac disease than the average population. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by intolerance to gluten by the small intestine. The type and severity of symptoms varies amongst people - some people have severe gastrointestinal symptoms from infancy whereas other have no symptoms other than fatigue or anemia during adulthood.
• Wilson's disease: Wilson disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a neurodegenerative disease of copper metabolism.
• Winkelman Bethfe Pfeiffer syndrome: A syndrome that is characterised by sensorineural deafness and pituitary dwarfism
• XX male syndrome: A sex chromosome disorder in males which affects gonadal development and causes infertility. Males have XX chromosomes instead of the normal XY.
• Young Hughes syndrome: A sex linked condition that is characterised by mental retardation and hypogonadism
• Young syndrome: Symptoms in a fetus that occur when the mother is suffering from advanced diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.

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