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Is the PTH assay increased? This would point to a parathyroid tumor or hyperplasia and ectopic PTH secretion.
Is the alkaline phosphatase elevated? Hypercalcemia and an increased ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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What is the calcium level? If this is increased, one should look for primary hyperparathyroidism and bone metastasis. These two findings can be further differentiated with parathyroid hormone (PTH ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is the patient receiving heparin therapy? As many as 27% of patients taking heparin have an elevated aspartate aminotransferase [AST, or serum glutamine ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body, with 99% stored in bone. Calcium in the plasma is either protein-bound (mostly to albumin) or is ionized and readily available for use. Serum calcium is regulated by parathyroid... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Hypercalcemia is defined as total calcium >10.5 mg/dL. Hypercalcemia occurs when the resorption rate of bone mineral or the absorption of intestinal calcium exceeds the renal... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Hypercalcemia, may result from disorders of calcium storage, intake, regulation, and transport.
HYPERCALCEMIA
Storage
Storage
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... When the chemistry profile shows an elevation of these enzymes, recall the tissues that produce a large amount of these enzymes: the liver, heart, and skeletal muscles. This translates into
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... Developing a list of diagnostic possibilities for an elevated alkaline phosphatase level involves the use of biochemistry and physiology. As with other laboratory values, we need to know where
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... Hemoconcentration (increased serum albumin)*
Hyperparathyroidism
Primary
Parathyroid adenoma
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... Pseudoelevation
Subpulmonic effusion
Diaphragmatic neoplasm
True Elevation
Intrathoracic conditions
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... Calcium plays an indispensable role in cell permeability, bone and teeth formation, blood coagulation, transmission of nerve impulses, and normal muscle contraction. Nearly all (99%) of the body&rsquo... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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Hypercalcemia
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... M. Gina Glazier and Judith A. Fisher
The normal concentration of calcium in the extracellular fluid is 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dl. Symptoms usually occur when the calcium level rises to 12.5 mg/dl or above.... Approach ... Pictures
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... Douglas J. Ivins and Judith A. Fisher
Approach Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) can be elevated in a wide variety of... Pictures
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... Judith A. Fisher and M. Gina Glazier
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme expressed on the plasma membrane of many cells. It has two primary sources: the liver (specifically, the biliary tree)... Approach ... Pictures
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... Calcium plays an indispensable role in cell permeability, formation of bones and teeth, blood coagulation, transmission of nerve impulses, and normal muscle contraction.... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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...
Hypercalcemia may result from disorders of calcium storage, intake,
regulation, and transport.
Storage.
Storage of calcium is in the bone. It... Pictures
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...
Developing a list of diagnostic possibilities for an elevated alkaline
phosphatase level involves the use of biochemistry and physiology. As with
other laboratory
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
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