Hypothermia
Excessive Heat Loss
Cold-water immersion
Environmental exposure (especially in neonates, premature or low-birth-weight babies, the elderly, or persons who are unconscious, immobilized, drugged, under anesthesia, or exhausted)
Accidental
Iatrogenic
Administration of cold blood or intravenous (i.v.) fluids
Iced saline gastric lavage
Peritoneal dialysis
Increased cutaneous blood flow
Burns
Erythrodermas (including toxic epidermal necrolysis and psoriasis)
Inadequate Heat Production
Altered thermoregulation
Hypothalamic and central nervous system dysfunction (note: the hypothermia may be paroxysmal)
Anorexia nervosa
Brain tumors
Cerebrovascular accidents, paralysis, paresis
Episodic spontaneous hypothermia with hyperhidrosis (including those with agenesis of the corpus callosum—Shapiro's syndrome)
Head trauma
Other hypothalamic lesions (e.g., infarction, midbrain lesions, sarcoidosis)
Seizure
Spinal cord transection above T1
Spontaneous periodic hypothermia (paroxysmal hypothermia—nearly always with evidence of injury to the preoptic area of the hypothalamus)
Wernicke's encephalopathy
Sepsis
Shock
Uremia
Decreased metabolism (especially in the elderly comatose)
Congestive heart failure
Endocrine disorders
Adrenal insufficiency
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hypoglycemia
Hypopituitarism
Hypothyroidism
Gambian sleeping sickness
Hepatic failure
Malnutrition
Myocardial infarction
Prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Pancreatitis
Respiratory failure
Drugs
Antidepressants
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Cancer chemotherapy
Cannabis
Clonidine
Ethanol
General anesthesia
Hypnotics
Lithium
Opiates
Phenothiazines
Sedatives
Tranquilizers
References
1. Petty KJ: Hypothermia, pp. 97–98. See Bibliography, 1.
2. Yoder E: Disorders Due to Heat and Cold, p. 503. See Bibliography, 5.
Book Source Details
- Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
- Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
- Year of Publication: 1999
- Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Other Book Chapters Related to Hypothermia
Read excerpts from these other book chapters related to Hypothermia:
Medical Books Excerpts
- Hypothermia
- "Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series" (2007)
- [ read ]
Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 2008 Williams & Wilkins.
More About Causes of Hypothermia
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Hypothermia (Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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