Symptoms » Kidney symptoms » Book Sections

Renal Tubular Acidosis

Distal (Type I)

Pyelonephritis, chronic
Obstructive uropathy
Drugs, toxins
   Amphotericin B
   Analgesics
   Toluene
   Lithium
   Cyclamate
Nephrocalcinosis, especially
   Primary hyperparathyroidism
   Vitamin D intoxication
   Primary hypercalciuria
   Medullary sponge kidney
   Hyperthyroidism
Autoimmune diseases
   Hypergammaglobulinemic states, especially
       Hyperglobulinemic purpura
       Cryoglobulinemia
       Familial hypergammaglobulinemia
   Systemic lupus erythematosus
   Sjögren's syndrome
   Thyroiditis
   Chronic active hepatitis
   Primary biliary cirrhosis
   Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
Genetically transmitted diseases
   Sickle cell disease
   Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
   Hereditary elliptocytosis
   Fabry's disease
   Wilson's disease
   Medullary cystic disease
   Hereditary fructose intolerance
Hepatic cirrhosis
Balkan nephropathy
Oxalate nephropathy
Multiple myeloma
Renal transplantation
Idiopathic (sporadic or hereditary)

Proximal (Type II)

Primary (sporadic or hereditary)
Transient (infants)
Carbonic anhydrase deficiency (e.g., genetic or acetazolamide-induced)
Fanconi's syndrome (multiple proximal tubular defects)
   Drugs and toxins
       Outdated tetracycline
       Toluene
       Gentamicin
       Streptozotocin
       Lead
       Cadmium
       Mercury
   Multiple myeloma
   Amyloidosis
   Sjögren's syndrome
   Vitamin D–deficient, –dependent, and –resistant
states
   Cystinosis
   Tyrosinemia
   Lowe's syndrome
   Wilson's disease
   Hereditary fructose intolerance
   Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency
   Medullary cystic disease
   Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
   Osteopetrosis
   Renal transplantation

Type IV

Aldosterone deficiency
   Adrenal insufficiency
   Adrenal enzyme deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, especially 21-hydroxylase deficiency
   Selective aldosterone deficiency
       Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism
       Diabetes
       Tubulointerstitial disease
       Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
       Cyclosporine
       HIV infection
       Sickle cell disease
       Obstructive uropathy
   Heparin
   Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Mineralocorticoid resistance
   Pseudohypoaldosteronism
   Obstructive uropathy
   Sickle cell disease
   Drugs (spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride)

References

1. Cogan MG, Rector FC: Acid-Base Disorders, p. 737. See Bibliography, 1.
2. Shapiro JI, Kaehny WD: Pathogenesis and Management of Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis, p. 130. See Bibliography, 4.
3. Rose, p. 572. See Bibliography, 6.

Book Source Details

• Book Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis
• Author(s): Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra
• Year of Publication: 1999
• Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Copyright Details: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis, Copyright © 2008 Williams & Wilkins.

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More About This Book: Title: A Pocket Manual of Differential Diagnosis Authors: Stephen N. Adler, Dianne B. Gasbarra Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Copyright: 1999 ISBN: 0-78171-943-7

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