Diagnostic Tests for Mouth ulcers

Diagnostic Test list for Mouth ulcers:

The list of diagnostic tests mentioned in various sources as used in the diagnosis of Mouth ulcers includes:

• Physical examination
  • Examine health of lips, mouth, gums and teeth. Note dental hygiene, mouth ulcers, mouth trauma from dentures and signs of mouth infections
  • Feel cervical lymph nodes (glands) for enlargement - e.g. with lip cancers, herpes simplex labialis.
  • Full physical examination may reveal features of systemic disease - e.g. Cancer, HIV infection, Syphilis, tuberculosis, Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease.
• Blood tests
  • Full blood count and ESR
  • Blood sugar to diagnose Diabetes
  • HIV serology, if indicated
  • Serum iron, Vitamin B12, folate
  • Serum zinc
  • Syphilis serology, if indicated
  • Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity ( Vitamin B2 status) - not widely available.
  • Erythrocyte aminotransferase activity (Vitamin B6 status) - not widely available.
• Swab of any ulcer - for viral and bacterial culture.
• Skin or mucosal (lining of the oral cavity) biopsy - may be required to assist diagnosis e.g. syphilitic chancre, histoplasmosis or cancer.
• Skin scraping of the lip or mouth surface - if suspect Candida infection (not uncommon in people with HIV disease).

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