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Is there a positive alcohol or drug history? It is well known that alcohol can cause a myocardiopathy. Atropine, caffeine, and many other ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Are the palpitations constant or intermittent? Constant palpitations may signify tachycardia, and that would suggest hyperthyroidism or overuse of caffeine and other drugs. Intermittent ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Could the murmur be extracardiac in origin? Extracardiac murmurs include the pericardial friction rub and cardiorespiratory murmurs.
Is the murmur ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Tachycardia is defined by a heart rate ≥100 beats per minute. Most tachyarrhythmias occur as a result of triggered activity, increased automaticity, or re-entry circuits. A 12-lead ECG is essential to... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Palpitations are the subjective sensation of the heart beating rapidly, strongly, or irregularly. It often means that a rapid heart rate is occurring, but it can also be seen even when the heart rate is... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Diastolic heart murmurs are never normal and should always be further evaluated, in contrast to systolic murmurs, which are commonly benign or due to rapid flow rates. The part of... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Systolic heart murmurs, in contrast to diastolic murmurs, may be normal or abnormal, although when coupled with a heave they are always abnormal. The part of the cardiac cycle that the murmur falls into (e.g., early, middle, or... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Most tachycardias in children are supraventricular and well tolerated, allowing time for proper evaluation and diagnosis. Cardiovascular collapse is rare but more common in those with a history of congenital heart disease and... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... The first consideration on hearing a heart murmur is to determine whether the murmur is functional or organic. Certainly, the low-grade systolic murmurs tend to be functional; if the murmur changes or
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... Tachycardia, like dyspnea, is usually a sign that the tissues are not getting enough oxygen to meet their demands. To recall a list of causes pathophysiology is applied. If tachycardia results from anoxia
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... Because anxiety is the common cause of palpitations, there is a tremendous temptation to jump to this conclusion as the cause in an otherwise healthy looking individual. If we use the mnemonic VINDICATE, we may avoid a
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... Murmurs are auscultatory sounds heard within the heart chambers or major arteries. They’re classified by their timing and duration in the cardiac cycle, auscultatory location, loudness, configuration, pitch, and... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... An abnormal pulse rhythm is an irregular expansion and contraction of the peripheral arterial walls. It may be persistent or sporadic and rhythmic or arrhythmic. Detected by... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... A biferious pulse is a hyperdynamic, double-beating pulse characterized by two systolic peaks separated by a midsystolic dip. Both peaks may be equal or either may be larger; usually, however, the first peak is taller or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Easily detected by counting the apical, carotid, or radial pulse, tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats/minute. The patient with tachycardia usually complains of palpitations or of a “racing” heart.... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Defined as a conscious awareness of one’s heartbeat, palpitations are usually felt over the precordium or in the throat or neck. The patient may describe them as pounding, jumping... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Palpitation without Arrhythmia
Noncardiac disorders
Anxiety
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... Systolic
Early systolic
Physiologic (innocent)
Small ventricular septal
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Murmurs
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... Murmurs are auscultatory sounds heard within the heart chambers or major arteries. They’re classified by their timing and duration in the cardiac cycle, auscultatory... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... An abnormal pulse rhythm is an irregular expansion and contraction of the peripheral arterial walls. It may be persistent or sporadic, and rhythmic or arrhythmic. Detected by palpating the radial or carotid pulse, an abnormal rhythm... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... A bisferious pulse is a hyperdynamic, double-beating pulse characterized by two systolic peaks separated by a midsystolic dip. Both peaks may be equal or either may be larger; usually, however, the... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Easily detected by counting the apical, carotid, or radial pulse rate, tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats/ minute. The patient with tachycardia usually complains of palpitations or... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Defined as a conscious awareness of one’s heartbeat, palpitations are usually felt over the precordium or in the throat or neck. The patient may describe them as pounding, jumping,... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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Tachycardia
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Gehan Devendra
Tachycardia is commonly found in both hospitalized and ambulatory patients. It can be either physiologic or pathologic and is defined as a heart rate greater than 100 beats/ minute.... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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Palpitations
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... David M. Schneider
Palpitations (PPTs), defined as an uncomfortable or abnormal awareness of the heart beat, are common in primary care patients. In one... Approach ... History ... Physical examination (PE) ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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Heart Murmur, Diastolic
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... David E. Anisman and Gerald F. Farnell
A diastolic murmur is a finding that provides a clue to an underlying disease process. Unlike their systolic... Approach ... History ... Physical examination (PE) ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment ... Pictures
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Heart Murmur, Systolic
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Dale Bishop
Systolic murmurs can herald significant clinical deterioration and sudden death, or they can represent stable or clinically insignificant... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Sinus tachycardia
❑ Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
❑ Atrial fibrillation... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Aortic regurgitation
❑ Pulmonic regurgitation
❑ Mitral stenosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Systolic ejection murmur
❑ Mitral regurgitation
❑ Mitral valve prolapse ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Aortic stenosis/aortic insufficiency
❑ Pericardial friction rub
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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Murmurs
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Murmurs are auscultatory sounds heard within the heart chambers or major arteries. They’re classified by their timing and duration in the cardiac cycle, auscultatory location, loudness, configuration,... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... An abnormal pulse rhythm is an irregular expansion and contraction of the peripheral arterial walls. It may be persistent or sporadic and rhythmic or arrhythmic. Detected by palpating the radial or carotid... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Tachycardia
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Easily detected by counting the apical, carotid, or radial pulse, tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats/minute. The patient with tachycardia usually complains of palpitations or of a ... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Palpitations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Defined as a conscious awareness of one’s heartbeat, palpitations are usually felt over the precordium or in the throat or neck. The patient may describe them as pounding, jumping, turning,... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Murmurs
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
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... Murmurs are auscultatory sounds heard within the heart chambers or major arteries. They’re classified by their timing and duration in the cardiac cycle, auscultatory location, loudness, configuration, pitch, and quality. (See ... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... An abnormal pulse rhythm is an irregular expansion and contraction of the peripheral arterial walls. It may be persistent or sporadic, and rhythmic or arrhythmic. Detected by palpating the radial or carotid pulse, an abnormal rhythm is... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... A bisferiens pulse is a hyperdynamic, double-beating pulse characterized by two systolic peaks separated by a midsystolic dip. Both peaks may be equal or either may be larger; usually,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Easily detected by counting the apical, carotid, or radial pulse, tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats/minute. The patient with tachycardia usually complains of... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Defined as a conscious awareness of one’s own heartbeat, palpitations are usually felt over the precordium or in the throat or neck. The patient may describe them as pounding, jumping, turning,... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Normal murmursare due to turbulence of normal blood flow. A normal murmur does not result insymptoms. Cardiovascular exam, chest radiograph, and ECG are normal.Other terms used to signify a normal murmur are... Principal Causes of Heart Murmurs (Asymptomatic) ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Murmurs are auscultatory sounds heard within the heart chambers or major arteries. They're classified by their timing and duration in the cardiac cycle, auscultatory location, loudness, configuration, pitch, and quality. ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... An abnormal pulse rhythm is an irregular expansion and contraction of the peripheral arterial walls. It may be persistent or sporadic and rhythmic or arrhythmic. Detected by... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... A biferious pulse is a hyperdynamic, double-beating pulse characterized by two systolic peaks separated by a midsystolic dip. Both peaks may be equal or either may be larger; usually, however,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Easily detected by counting the apical, carotid, or radial pulse, tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats/minute. The patient with tachycardia usually complains of palpitations or of a &ldquo... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Defined as a conscious awareness of one's heartbeat, palpitations are usually felt over the precordium or in the throat or neck. The patient may describe them as pounding, jumping,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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...
The first consideration on hearing a heart murmur is to determine
whether the murmur is functional or organic. Certainly, the low-grade
systolic murmurs tend to be functional; if the... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Tachycardia, like dyspnea, is usually a sign that the tissues are not
getting enough oxygen to meet their demands. To recall a list of causes,
pathophysiology is applied. If tachycardia results from anoxia then ... Pictures
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...
Because anxiety is the common cause of palpitations, there is a
tremendous temptation to jump to this conclusion as the cause in an
otherwise healthy-looking individual. If we... Pictures
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... Author:
Nailah Coleman, MD
What to Do - Gather Appropriate Data
Athletes have been using performance-enhancing substances for as long
as there has been athletic competition. In... Suggested Readings
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