... Red urine may be due to hematuria,
hemoglobinuria (hemolytic anemia), myoglobinuria (muscle trauma, myocardial infarction), and coproporphyria or uroporphyria (porphyria). Phenazopyridine
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
ODOR
(Algorithmic Diagnosis of Symptoms and Signs)
READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE (free access, no registration)
...
Is there coma or disturbances of consciousness? The presence of coma or disturbances of consciousness should suggest alcoholism, diabetic acidosis, uremia, and hepatic coma.
Is ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Are there significant numbers of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine? This would suggest a UTI. If there are white cell casts or clumps, the infection may be a pyelonephritis. A urine culture and ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Are there significant RBCs in the urine? If so, one should consider glomerulonephritis, collagen disease, tuberculosis, neoplasm, trauma, renal ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Is it acute or chronic? Acute loss of smell would certainly suggest an acute upper respiratory infection (URI). It would also suggest recent exposure to toxic fumes or recent head injury. If the ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Proteinuria in children is defined as a quantitative 24-hour urine collection with >4 mg/m2/hour (>100 mg/m2/day) of protein. Semiquantitative definitions include urine dipstick ≥1+ (30... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Pyuria is defined as the presence of white blood cells in the urine. This condition is commonly caused by urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria, or vaginal contamination of the urine specimen.
Differential ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Apart from hematuria, red urine may signify hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria, suggesting the various hemolytic anemias, the march hemoglobinuria, paroxysmal “cold” hemoglobinuria and nocturnal
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... There are many causes of proteinuria. The mnemonic VINDICATE is a helpful way of developing a list of possibilities.
PROTEINURIA
V—Vascular
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Pyuria is included here although it is not a symptom or a definitive finding on physical examination. Examination of the urine, however, is so frequently a part of every physical examination that the causes of
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
ANOSMIA OR UNUSUAL ODOR
Anatomy is an excellent method of recalling the possible causes of anosmia and unusual odors.
Nasal passages: Focusing on the
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... What are the various causes of bad breath and how can they be recalled with ease? The best method is to visualize the respiratory and upper GI tree, because this is where the substances (mucus or sputum and vomitus or
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Cloudy, murky, or turbid urine reflects the presence of bacteria, mucus, leukocytes or erythrocytes, epithelial cells, fat, or phosphates (in alkaline urine). It’s characteristic of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fecal breath odor typically accompanies fecal vomiting associated with a long-standing intestinal obstruction or gastrojejunocolic fistula. It represents an important late diagnostic clue to a potentially life... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... The odor of ammonia on the breath — described as urinous or “fishy” breath — typically occurs in end-stage chronic renal failure. This sign improves slightly after
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Benign/Physiologic
Fever
Exercise
Orthostatic
Contrast dye
Usually
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Cloudy, murky, or turbid urine reflects the presence of bacteria, mucus, leukocytes or erythrocytes, epithelial cells, fat, or phosphates (in alkaline urine). It’s... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fecal breath odor typically accompanies fecal vomiting associated with a long-standing intestinal obstruction or gastrojejunocolic fistula. It represents an important late diagnostic clue to a potentially life-threatening GI... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs in ketoacidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... The odor of ammonia on the breath—described as urinous or “fishy” breath—typically occurs in end-stage chronic renal failure. This sign improves slightly after hemodialysis and persists throughout... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
Proteinuria
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE (free access, no registration)
... Irene M. Hamrick
The prevalence of proteinuria in the general population is 3%, and 5% in healthy adolescents (1). Heavy and persistent proteinuria is
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Differential Overview
❑ Diabetes
❑ Drugs/toxins
❑ Acute tubular necrosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
Breath odor, fecal
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE (free access, no registration)
... Fecal breath odor typically accompanies fecal vomiting associated with a long-standing intestinal obstruction or gastrojejunocolic fistula. It represents an important late diagnostic clue to a potentially life-threatening... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
Breath odor, fruity
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE (free access, no registration)
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fecal breath odor typically accompanies fecal vomiting associated with a long-standing intestinal obstruction or gastrojejunocolic fistula. It represents an important late diagnostic clue to a potentially life-threatening... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis — a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
Proteinuria
(The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics)
READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE (free access, no registration)
... Proteinuriais a common finding in childhood and adolescence. Usual pathogenesis involves increasein permeability of glomerular basement membrane. Less common isdecreased absorption or increased secretion of protein by renal... Principal Causes of Proteinuria ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Cloudy, murky, or turbid urine reflects the presence of bacteria, mucus, leukocytes or erythrocytes, epithelial cells, fat, or phosphates (in alkaline urine). It's characteristic of urinary tract infection (UTI) but can also result from... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fecal breath odor typically accompanies fecal vomiting associated with a long-standing intestinal obstruction or gastrojejunocolic fistula. It represents an important late diagnostic clue to a potentially life-threatening GI... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Fruity breath odor results from respiratory elimination of excess acetone. This sign characteristically occurs with ketoacidosis—a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe dehydration,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... The odor of ammonia on the breath—described as urinous or “fishy” breath—typically occurs in end-stage chronic renal failure. This sign improves slightly after hemodialysis and persists... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Apart from hematuria, red urine may signify hemoglobinuria or
myoglobinuria, suggesting the various hemolytic anemias, the march
hemoglobinuria, paroxysmal “cold”... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
There are many causes of proteinuria. The mnemonic VINDICATE is a
helpful way of developing a list of possibilities.
V—Vascular category should call to mind CHF, hypertension, and
renal... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Pyuria is included here although it is not a symptom or a definitive
finding on physical examination. Examination of the urine, however, is so
frequently a part of every... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
Anatomy is an excellent method of recalling the possible causes of
anosmia and unusual odors.
Nasal passages. Focusing on the nasal passages, ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
What are the various causes of bad breath and how can they be recalled
with ease? The best method is to visualize the respiratory and upper
gastrointestinal (GI.5pt) tree, because this is where the substances (mucus, ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
