...
Is there fever? A significant fever would suggest either pyelonephritis, particularly in females, or acute prostatitis in males.
Is the urine grossly ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Has the patient been on any drugs? Sulfonamides are notorious for causing renal failure, but one must also consider amphotericin B, gold compounds that might be administered in arthritis, and ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Dysuria is a painful or burning sensation during or immediately after urination. This is a common symptom in primary care; nearly 20% of women aged 20–55 will have one episode of dysuria per year.... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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A perceived or observed decrease in the strength or flow of one's urine stream is a common complaint. This is often of concern to the patient because of the concern about both a serious medical... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Dysuria is defined as pain with urination and is a very common complaint in female children. It is commonly due to either urinary tract infection or perineal irritation from a variety of causes.
... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Dysuria is difficult or painful micturition. One could cover most of the causes simply by considering the inflammatory lesions of the genitourinary tract in ascending order. Thus, there may be a
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ANURIA AND OLIGURIA
ANURIA AND OLIGURIA
Diminished output of urine (oliguria
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... Incontinence may be due to loss of voluntary control of urination, in which case neurologic disorders are usually the cause, or it may result from overflow of a distended bladder (overflow incontinence), in which case the cause may be bladder
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... Clinically defined as urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours, anuria indicates either urinary tract obstruction or acute renal failure due to various mechanisms. (See Major causes of acute renal failure.... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Bladder distention — abnormal enlargement of the bladder — results from an inability to excrete urine, which results in its accumulation. Distention can be caused by a mechanical or anatomic obstruction,... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, oliguria is clinically defined as urine output of less than 400 ml/24 hours. Typically, this sign occurs abruptly and may herald serious — possibly life-threatening —... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Hesitancy — difficulty starting a urine stream generally followed by a decrease in the force of the stream — can result from a urinary tract infection, a partial lower urinary... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Incontinence, the uncontrollable passage of urine, can result from a bladder abnormality, a neurologic disorder, or an alteration in pelvic muscle strength. A common urologic sign, incontinence may be transient or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Urethral
Congenital urethral stenosis, web, atresia
Posterior urethral valves
Inflammation or stricture
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... Cystitis and urethritis, the two forms of lower urinary tract infection (UTI), are nearly 10 times more common in females than in males and affect approximately 10% to 20% of all females at least once. Lower UTI is also a prevalent... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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Anuria
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... Clinically defined as urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours, anuria indicates either urinary tract obstruction or acute renal failure due to various mechanisms. (See Major causes of acute renal failure.)
Fortunately,... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Bladder distention—abnormal enlargement of the bladder—results from an inability to excrete urine, which then accumulates in the bladder. Distention can be caused by a mechanical or anatomic obstruction, a... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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Dysuria
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... Dysuria—painful or difficult urination—is commonly accompanied by urinary frequency, urgency, or hesitancy. This symptom usually reflects lower urinary tract infection (UTI)—a common disorder, especially... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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Oliguria
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, oliguria is clinically defined as urine output of less than 400 ml/24 hours. Typically, this sign occurs abruptly and may herald serious—possibly... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Urinary hesitancy—difficulty starting a urine stream generally followed by a decrease in the force of the stream—can result from a urinary tract infection (UTI), a partial lower urinary tract obstruction, a... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Incontinence, the uncontrollable passage of urine, can result from a bladder abnormality, a neurologic disorder, or an alteration in pelvic muscle strength. A common urologic sign, incontinence may be... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Pictures
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Dysuria
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... David M. Quillen
Approach Dysuria is defined as “painful urination.” Acute dysuria is a frequent problem seen in ambulatory practices... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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Urinary Incontinence
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Richard Rathe
Urinary incontinence (UI) in adults is one of the most prevalent and underdiagnosed afflictions in the United States (>25 million effected individuals, >50% of nursing home residents).... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment ... Pictures
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Oliguria and Anuria
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Marcia W. Funderburk
Oliguria and anuria are important clinical signs that should be recognized quickly so that the cause can be identified and... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
❑ Lower urinary tract infection
❑ Acute pyelonephritis
❑ Urethritis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Cystitis
❑ Benign prostatic hypertrophy
❑ Pelvic floor relaxation
❑ Drugs ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Differential Overview
❑ Acute tubular necrosis
❑ Prerenal azotemia
❑ Tubular toxins ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings
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... Cystitis and urethritis, the two forms of lower urinary tract infection (UTI), are nearly 10 times more common in women than in men and affect approximately 10% to 20% of all women... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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Anuria
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Anuria is defined as urine output of less than 100 ml in a 24-hour period. Causes include urinary tract obstruction and acute renal failure due to various mechanisms. (See Major... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Bladder distention
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Bladder distention is an abnormal enlargement of the bladder due to the accumulation of urine arising from an inability to excrete urine. Distention can be caused by a mechanical or anatomic... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Anuria
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
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... Clinically defined as urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours, anuria indicates either urinary tract obstruction or acute renal failure due to various mechanisms. (See Major causes of acute renal failure, ... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Bladder distention — abnormal enlargement of the bladder — results from an inability to excrete urine, which results in its accumulation. Distention can be caused by a mechanical or anatomic obstruction,... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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Dysuria
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
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... Dysuria (painful or difficult urination) is commonly accompanied by urinary frequency, urgency, or hesitancy. This symptom usually reflects lower urinary tract infection (UTI) — a common disorder, especially... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, oliguria is clinically defined as urine output of less than 400 ml/24 hours. Typically, this sign occurs abruptly and may herald... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Urinary hesitancy — difficulty starting a urine stream generally followed by a decrease in the force of the stream — can result from a urinary tract infection (UTI), a partial lower... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Incontinence, the uncontrollable passage of urine, can result from a bladder abnormality, a neurologic disorder, or an alteration in pelvic muscle strength. A common urologic sign, incontinence may be transient or... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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Dysuria
(The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics)
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...Dysuria (pain on urination) is usually producedby inflammation of urethra or bladder or both. Principal Causes of Dysuria Urinarytract infection Urethritis Cystitis Pyelonephritis ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... Table 15.1. Criteria for Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections ... References
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... Urinaryincontinence or enuresis refers to the involuntary passage of urine. Most children have achieved urine continenceduring the day by 4 yrs of age, and during the night by 6 yrs ofage. Primary incontinence exists... Principal Causes of Urinary Incontinence ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Clinically defined as urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours, anuria indicates either urinary tract obstruction or acute renal failure due to various mechanisms. (See Major causes of acute renal failure,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Bladder distention—abnormal enlargement of the bladder—results from an inability to excrete urine, which results in its accumulation. Distention can be caused by a mechanical or anatomic obstruction,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Dysuria—painful or difficult urination—is commonly accompanied by urinary frequency, urgency, or hesitancy. This symptom usually reflects lower urinary tract infection (UTI)—a common disorder, especially... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... A cardinal sign of renal and urinary tract disorders, oliguria is clinically defined as urine output of less than 400 ml/24 hours. Typically, this sign occurs abruptly and may herald serious—possibly... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Hesitancy—difficulty starting a urine stream generally followed by a decrease in the force of the stream—can result from a urinary tract infection (UTI), a partial lower urinary... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Urinary incontinence, the uncontrollable passage of urine, can result from a bladder abnormality, a neurologic disorder, or an alteration in pelvic muscle strength. A common urologic sign, incontinence may be transient or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Dysuria is difficult or painful micturition. One could cover most of
the causes simply by considering the inflammatory lesions of the
genitourinary tract in ascending order. Thus, there may be a urethritis or ... Pictures
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Diminished output of urine (oliguria with less than 500 mL of output in
24 hours) and no output of urine (anuria) are best understood using
pathophysiology.... Pictures
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Incontinence may be due to loss of voluntary control of urination, in
which case neurologic disorders are usually the cause, or it may result from
overflow of a distended bladder (overflow incontinence)
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