...
Is there vertigo, tinnitus, or deafness? Any one of these three signs and symptoms should suggest Ménière's disease or other labyrinthine disease as well as eighth nerve pathology.
Are ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Are there abnormalities on neurologic examination? An abnormal neurologic examination should make one think of multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy, muscular dystrophy, Parkinson's disease ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Disorders of gait may arise from problems virtually anywhere in the nervous or musculoskeletal systems. Observation of gait is an important element of the neurologic examination. Gait abnormalities are... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Ataxia is due to dysfunction of the cerebellum or its connections. It can present as an acute or chronic/progressive illness. Associated signs and symptoms such as papilledema,... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... When a patient complains of difficulty walking, visualize the anatomic components of the leg: skin, muscle, arteries, veins, bones, joints, and peripheral nerves. Going one step further,
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... The anatomic location of the lesion in a gait disturbance depends on the type of disturbance.
GAIT DISTURBANCES
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... A bizarre gait has no obvious organic basis; rather, it’s produced unconsciously by a person with a somatoform disorder (hysterical neurosis) or consciously by a malingerer. The gait has no consistent pattern.... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Propulsive gait is characterized by a stooped, rigid posture — the patient’s head and neck are bent forward; his flexed, stiffened arms are held away from the body; his fingers are extended; and his knees and hips are... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Resulting from bilateral spastic paresis (diplegia), scissors gait affects both legs and has little or no effect on the arms. The patient’s legs flex slightly at the hips and knees, so he looks as if he’s... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Spastic gait — sometimes referred to as paretic or weak gait — is a stiff, foot-dragging walk caused by unilateral leg muscle hypertonicity. This gait indicates focal damage to the corticospinal tract. The affected... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Steppage gait typically results from footdrop caused by weakness or paralysis of pretibial and peroneal muscles, usually from lower motor neuron lesions. Footdrop causes the foot to hang... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Waddling gait, a distinctive ducklike walk, is an important sign of muscular dystrophy, spinal muscle atrophy or, rarely, congenital hip displacement. It may be present when the child begins to walk or may appear only later in life... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Symmetric and Progressive Cerebellar Signs
Acute (hours to days)
Toxic
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Ataxia
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... A bizarre gait has no obvious organic cause; rather, it’s produced unconsciously by a person with a somatoform disorder (such as hysterical neurosis) or consciously by a malingerer. The... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Propulsive gait is characterized by a stooped, rigid posture—the patient’s head and neck are bent forward; his flexed, stiffened arms are held away from the body; his fingers are extended; and his... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Resulting from bilateral spastic paresis (diplegia), scissors gait affects both legs and has little or no effect on the arms. The patient’s legs flex slightly at the hips and knees, so he looks... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Spastic gait—sometimes referred to as paretic or weak gait—is a stiff, foot- dragging walk caused by unilateral leg muscle hypertonicity. This gait indicates focal damage to the corticospinal tract. The affected... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Steppage gait typically results from footdrop caused by weakness or paralysis of pretibial and peroneal muscles, usually from lower motor neuron lesions. Footdrop causes the foot to hang with the toes pointing down, causing... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Waddling gait, a distinctive ducklike walk, is an important sign of muscular dystrophy, spinal muscle atrophy or, rarely, congenital hip displacement. It may be present when the child begins to... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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Ataxia
(The 10-Minute Diagnosis Manual: Symptoms and Signs in the Time-Limited Encounter)
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... Robert B. Sammel
Ataxia is the inability to coordinate voluntary movements.
Approach Ataxia usually refers to an inability of the cerebellum to coordinate movement, but... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment.
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... Differential Overview
Chronic
❑ Vitamin B12 deficiency
❑ Parkinsonism
❑... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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Ataxia
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
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... Ataxia is defined as an incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Ataxia can be classified as cerebellar or sensory. Cerebellar ataxia is caused by disease of the cerebellum and its pathways between the... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Ataxia
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellarataxia results from disease of the cerebellum... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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Ataxia
(The Diagnostic Approach to Symptoms and Signs in Pediatrics)
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... Definedas impaired control of posture or movement of trunk and limbs. Results from dysfunction of cerebellumor structures relaying information to or from cerebellum, includingperipheral nerves or spinal cord tracts (sensory ataxia)... Principal Causes of Ataxia ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Classified as cerebellar or sensory, ataxia refers to incoordination and irregularity of voluntary, purposeful movements. Cerebellar ataxia results from disease of the cerebellum and its pathways to and from the cerebral... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... A bizarre gait has no obvious organic basis; rather, it's produced unconsciously by a person with a somatoform disorder (hysterical neurosis) or consciously by a malingerer. The gait has no consistent pattern... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Propulsive gait is characterized by a stooped, rigid posture—the patient's head and neck are bent forward; his flexed, stiffened arms are held away from the body; his... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Resulting from bilateral spastic paresis (diplegia), scissors gait affects both legs and has little or no effect on the arms. The patient's legs flex slightly at the hips and knees, so he looks as... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Spastic gait—sometimes referred to as paretic or weak gait—is a stiff, foot-dragging walk caused by unilateral leg muscle hypertonicity. This gait indicates focal damage to the corticospinal tract. The... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Steppage gait typically results from footdrop caused by weakness or paralysis of pretibial and peroneal muscles, usually from lower motor neuron lesions. Footdrop causes the foot to hang with the toes pointing down, causing the toes to... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
... Waddling gait, a distinctive ducklike walk, is an important sign of muscular dystrophy, spinal muscle atrophy or, rarely, congenital hip displacement. It may be present when the child begins to walk or may appear... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
The anatomic location of the lesion in a gait disturbance depends on
the type of disturbance.
Spastic gait. In this type of lesion, both ... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
...
When a patient complains of difficulty walking, visualize the
anatomic components of the leg: skin, muscle, arteries, veins,
bones, joints, and... Pictures
... READ MEDICAL BOOK EXCERPTS ONLINE » (free access, no registration)
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