Glossary for Weak bones

Medical terms related to Weak bones or mentioned in this section include:

• Acroosteolysis neurogenic: A very rare inherited condition characterized mainly by the loss of all sensations - the lose the ability to feel pain, temperature and touch. The loss of sensation generally starts at the toes and fingers and spreads up the limbs and the trunk may also be involved in some cases.
• Adrenal Cortex Diseases: Diseases of the adrenal cortex. Examples includes Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome and adrenal fatigue.
• Adult hypophosphatasia: An rare inherited bone disorder due to an inborn error of metabolism characterized by a deficiency of alkaline phosphate. The condition involves the early loss of primary teeth and childhood rickets followed by a reasonable health until mid-adulthood when dental and skeletal abnormalities again become prevalent.
• Allison atrophy: Wasting and loss of minerals in bones that are not used for periods of time. Astronauts have to ensure they do adequate exercise to prevent this condition.
• Anorexia Nervosa: A disorder where a distorted sense of body image leads to self-starvation to the point of death in some cases.
• Arterial occlusive disease, progressive - hypertension - heart defects - bone fragility - brachysyndactyly: A rare syndrome characterized by narrowing or blockage of a number of arteries (in the kidneys, abdomen, brain and heart) as well as fragile bones, heart defects and finger abnormalities. Fractures and high blood pressure often start during the first years of life.
• Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome: An inherited autoimmune condition characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes and autoimmunity against the body's own blood cells resulting in premature death of certain blood cells.
• Biliary cirrhosis: Biliary cirrhosis is a condition where the bile ducts are unable to transport bile effectively due to blockage, inflammation, scarring or some other damage to the bile ducts. The condition may result from such things as congenital defect of the bile ducts (e.g. biliary atresia), cystic fibrosis, gallstones or a variety of other secondary conditions. The cause of primary biliary cirrhosis is not fully understood.
• Bone cancer: Malignancy that occurs in the bone
• Bone fragility, craniosynostosis, proptosis, hydrocephalus: A very rare genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones, premature closure of skull bones, protruding eyeballs and fluid buildup in the skull.
• Bone loss: A condition which is characterized by the loss of the amount of bone in ones body particular its density
• Bone symptoms: Symptoms affecting the body's bones
• Bone thinning: A condition which is characterized by the thinning of the bones of ones body
• Brittle bone syndrome lethal type: A rare form of brittle bone disease caused by abnormal collagen production which results in weak bones which break easily. The condition can result in death, especially during the process of birth which can result in multiple severe fractures.
• Bruck syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by weak, brittle bones and abnormal knee, ankle and foot joints (congenital contractures) at birth. There are two different subtypes of the disorder, each with a different genetic defect origin.
• Bruck syndrome 1: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by weak, brittle bones and abnormal knee, ankle and foot joints (congenital contractures) at birth.
• Bruck syndrome, 2: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by limited joint extension (congenital contractures), weak fragile bones and webbed skin at elbows and knees.
• Calvarial doughnut lesions - bone fragility: A rare disorder characterized by a number of doughnut shaped lesions on the skull which makes the skull lumpy. Weak bones resulting in fractures without trauma and dental decay are also features of this disorder.
• Chemical poisoning - Aluminum: Aluminum is a chemical used mainly for metallurgical purposes and can be found in packaging, electrical parts, vehicles, cooking utensils, construction materials and building components. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chemical poisoning - Ammonium Bifluoride: Ammonium Bifluoride is a chemical used wheel cleaners, herbicides and in the manufacture of magnesium. The type and severity of symptoms varies depending on the amount of chemical involved and the nature of the exposure.
• Chitty-Hall-Webb syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by fractures, bowed shin bones, abnormal forearm bone (radius) and reduced bone mass.
• Christian-Demyer-Franken syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation and skeletal abnormalities.
• Chronic Kidney Disease: Long-term and generally irreversible disease of the kidneys due to infection, obstruction, congenital diseases or generalised diseases causing failure of the kidneys' normal functions.
• Cushing syndrome, familial: A hormonal disorder caused by high levels of the cortisol hormone due to the abnormal development of the adrenal gland.
• Cushing-like symptoms: Symptoms similar to those of Cushing's disease
• Dent-Friedman syndrome: A rare form of osteoporosis that occurs in children and adolescents and no cause can be determined.
• Dentinogenesis imperfecta, type I: A rare inherited condition which occurs in people suffering from osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) and is characterized by tooth structure abnormalities.
• Dwarfism - thin bones - multiple fractures: A rare form of dwarfism characterized by short stature as well as thin bones that are prone to fractures.
• Dyskeratosis Congenita: A rare genetic disorder characterized by sking pigmentation abnormalities, nail dystrophy and mucous membrane changes.
• Fibrous dysplasia of bone: A bone development abnormality that can occur in one or more bones. The bone develops tumor-like growths in bones where normal bone is replaced by fibrous tissue. It can occur as a single lesion or in multiples. Malignancy can occur but is rare. Symptoms are determined by the location and extent of the abnormality.
• Fractures: Breakage of bones
• Gaucher Disease: A rare inherited biochemical disorder characterized by the deficiency of the enzyme called glucocerebrosidase and accumulation of glycosylceramide (glucocerebroside). There are three forms of this disease: type 1, 2 and 3.
• Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia: A rare genetic disorder affecting the skeleton and characterized by fragile bones, bowed long bones and recurring infections of the jaw bone.
• Grange syndrome: A rare syndrome characterized by the abnormal narrowing of various arteries, high blood pressure, heart defects, fragile bones and short, webbed digits. The congenital heart defects are not present in all cases.
• Grix-Blankenship-Peterson syndrome: A very rare syndrome characterized mainly by mental retardation, bone defects and head and face abnormalities.
• Hodgkin's Disease: A form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system.
• Hodgkin's disease, adult: A type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system in adults. The lymphatic system forms part of the body's immune system. This type of cancer can also occur in children.
• Hodgkin's disease, childhood: A type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system in children. The lymphatic system forms part of the body's immune system. This type of cancer can also occur in children.
• Hutchinson Gilford Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by alopecia and senile-like appearance.
• Hyper-IgE Syndrome: A condition characterized by an excess of immunoglobulin E
• Hyperhomocysteinemia: Excessive homocysteine levels in blood. It is often associated with folate or cobalamin deficiency as well as genetic defects. Severity of symptoms is determined by how high the homocysteine levels are. Sufferers are generally asymptomatic until the onset of premature arterial disease later in life. Other symptoms such as mental retardation only occur in severe cases where the homocysteine levels are extremely high.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Increased secretion of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid glands.
• Hypophosphatemic rickets: A rare genetic type of rickets involving defective phosphate transport and vitamin D metabolism in the kidneys. Poor calcium absorption from the intestines leads to bone softening.
• Infantile hypophosphatasia: An inherited bone disorder due to an inborn error of metabolism characterized by a deficiency of alkaline phosphate. The condition becomes noticeably during infancy and involves a period of normal development (about 6 months) followed by deterioration due to bone demineralization.
• Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis: A rare inherited disease involving tumor-like deposits of a substance called hyaline in body tissues such as skin, gums, joints and bones. Hyalin is a collagen-like substance made by cells in the connective tissue.
• Kidney conditions: Any condition affecting the kidney organs.
• Kidney symptoms: Symptoms affecting one or both kidneys.
• Lobstein disease: A group of rare inherited diseases that involves fragile bones. There are many different types based on the severity and extent of symptoms. Some types are severe enough to cause stillbirth or infant death whereas other types may cause few if any problematic symptoms.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease: A rare genetic kidney disease involving the development of cyst in the kidney which causes problems with kidney function.
• Medullary cystic kidney disease, dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Metabolic disorder: occurs when abnormal chemical reactions occur in the body
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Rare inherited disease causing tumors in multiple glands
• Multiple myeloma: A rare malignant cancer that occurs in the bone marrow. More common in skull, spine, rib cage, pelvis and legs.
• Multiple pterygium syndrome lethal type: A rare syndrome characterized by skin, muscle and skeletal anomalies and fetal death.
• Nephronophthisis, autosomal dominant: A rare genetic kidney disease which can lead to kidney failure.
• Neuropathy: A condition which is characterized by a functional disturbance or pathological change in the peripheral nervous system
• OI, Type I: A genetic condition characterized mainly by fragile bones that fracture easily and blue sclerae. The fractures tend start during early childhood (when walking starts) and becomes worse after menopause or in old age. Fractures tend to heal normally. Type I is the mildest form of osteogenesis imperfecta and results from a reduced amount of normal collagen in the body. Other forms of osteogenesis imperfect tend to involve the presence of abnormal collagen.
• Osteitis: Inflammation of bone.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta: Weak bones ("brittle bone disease") and loose joints
• Osteogenesis imperfecta - congenital joint contractures: A very rare syndrome characterized primarily by weak, brittle bones and abnormal knee, ankle and foot joints (congenital contractures) at birth. There are two different subtypes of the disorder, each with a different genetic defect origin: Bruck Syndrome 1 and Bruck Syndrome 2.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta Type I: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae and hyperextensible joints.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, Levin type: A genetic bone disorder which causes fragile bones.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 1A: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones and hyperextensible joints - a type of osteogenesis imperfecta I where the teeth are opalescent and blue sclerae may be absent.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 1B: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones and hyperextensible joints - a milder form of osteogenesis imperfecta I where the teeth are normal and blue sclerae may be absent.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 2A: A rare lethal form of a genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae and facial and tooth abnormalities. Type IIA has a different origin of the genetic mutation but the clinical features are similar. Type IIA involves a defect on the COL1A2 gene. The main difference is that type IIA tends to involve a large head and dark blue eyes.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 3: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by progressive limb deformity and normal sclerae.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 4: A rare genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones and blue sclerae - a form of OI involving moderate osteoporosis and no joint hyperextensibility.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 5: A rare genetic connective disuse disorder characterized by fragile bones, calcification of membranes between bones and hypertrophic calluses.
• Osteogenesis imperfecta, type 6: A rare form of the genetic connective tissue disorder characterized by fragile bones and light-colored eyes. There are a number of types of osteogenesis imperfecta and type 6 is considered a moderate to severe form.
• Osteomalacia: Softening of bones caused by a vitamin D deficiency.
• Osteopetrosis: A bone condition characterized by brittle bones and increased bone density which increases the risk of bone fractures.
• Osteopetrosis autosomal dominant type 2: A very rare dominantly inherited syndrome characterized mainly by increased bone density that affects mostly the spine, pelvis and base of the skull. The increased bone density results because old bone is not resorbed and replaced with new bone.
• Osteopetrosis lethal: A severe, lethal form of the brittle bone condition called osteopetrosis.
• Osteopetrosis, intermediate form: A recessively inherited bone disease characterized bybrittle bones with increased density. The intermediate form is less severe than the infantile form but more severe than the adult form.
• Osteoporosis: Bone mass loss (osteoporosis) as a symptom
• Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome: A rare genetic disorder characterized by early onset of osteoporosis (during childhood) and loss of vision resulting from retinal detachment due to a retinal pseudoglioma (inflammatory eye condition).
• Paget's disease of bone: A chronic, slowly progressing bone disorder where the bone is destroyed rapidly and replaced by abnormal bone which is dense and fragile.
• Panostotic fibrous dysplasia: A rare disorder characterized by an unusual facial appearance, fragile bones, high blood phosphatase levels that low blood phosphate levels.
• Parastremmatic dwarfism: A rare disorder characterized by severe dwarfism, kyphoscoliosis, contractures of the large joints and twisted and bowed limb bones.
• Peripheral neuropathy: Any loss in the function of the peripheral nervous system
• Pituitary cancer, childhood: Cancer (malignant) of the pituitary gland in children. The pituitary gland produces various hormones and some pituitary tumors (functioning tumors) can affect the secretion of one or more of these hormones resulting in a range of symptoms depending on the exact location of the tumor. Some pituitary tumors do not affect hormone production (nonfunctioning tumors).
• Pituitary tumors, adult: A benign or cancer tumor that develops in the tissue of the pituitary gland in adults. The pituitary gland produces various hormones and some pituitary tumors (functioning tumors) can affect the secretion of one or more of these hormones resulting in a range of symptoms depending on the exact location of the tumor. Some pituitary tumors do not affect hormone production (nonfunctioning tumors).
• Pseudophosphatasia: A rare condition where infants have all the physical features of infantile hypophosphatasia but alkaline phosphatase activity is normal.
• Renal osteodystrophy: Lack of bone mineralization due to kidney disease.
• Rickets: A condition that affects the bones due to vitamin D deficiency
• Salvioli syndrome: A rare inherited form of bone disease.
• Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis: Secondary biliary cirrhosis is a condition where the bile ducts are unable to transport bile effectively due to a secondary cause which results in blockage, inflammation, scarring or some other damage to the bile ducts. The condition may result from such things as congenital defect of the bile ducts (e.g. biliary atresia), cystic fibrosis, gallstones or a variety of other secondary conditions.
• Sick: Feeling ill or off color
• Swollen bone: Enlarged, swollen, or misshapen bones
• Thick skull syndrome: An inherited bone condition where the skull bones become abnormally thick and trap some of the skull nerves.
• Weakness: Symptoms causing weakness of the body
• Wilson's disease: Wilson disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a neurodegenerative disease of copper metabolism.

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