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Chorea (Greek for “dance”) refers to continuous, rapid, and abrupt jerking movements, which are involuntary and often possess a writhing quality. These movements often interfere with the ability to complete daily activities. A characteristic feature is an inability to... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Chorea consists of brief, irregular, nonrhythmic, unsustained involuntary movements that flow from one part of the body to another. Chorea is often accompanied by athetosis, which are slow, writhing, involuntary movements. These movement disorders are thought... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... The causes of this symptom lend themselves easily to recall. Simply remember the word VINDICATE. There are usually just one or two diseases for each letter.
V—Vascular suggests an infarct of the subthalamic nucleus, which produces hemiballism.
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... The differential diagnosis of this sign is similar to the differential diagnosis of tremors (see page 521), but a few additional possibilities should be kept in mind. Idiopathic myoclonus epilepsy, petit mal epilepsy (with the petit
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... Many of the conditions that cause splenomegaly also cause generalized lymphadenopathy. They are best recalled with the use of the mnemonic MINT.
LYMPHADENOPATHY, GENERALIZED
M—
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... The analysis of the causes of weakness depends on a knowledge of both anatomy and biochemistry. Strength depends on an intact healthy muscle, peripheral nerve, and lower and upper motor neuron pathways and a functioning myoneural junction. Thus, general
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... The best way to recall the causes of a general rash while still examining the patient is to think of the mnemonic DERMATITIS. 4 (See figures on pages 447, 448, 449, and 450.)
D—Deficiency
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... Myoclonus — sudden, shocklike contractions of a single muscle or muscle group — occurs with various neurologic disorders and may herald the onset of a seizure. These contractions may be isolated or repetitive, rhythmic or arrhythmic, symmetrical or asymmetrical,... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... A tic is an involuntary, repetitive movement of a specific group of muscles — usually those of the face, neck, shoulders, trunk, and hands. This sign typically occurs suddenly and intermittently. It may involve a single isolated movement, such as lip smacking, grimacing,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Like other types of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are caused by the paroxysmal, uncontrolled discharge of central nervous system neurons, leading to neurologic dysfunction. Unlike most other types of seizures, however, this cerebral hyperactivity isn... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Acne vulgaris
Acne rosacea
Pyogenic infection (especially disseminated gonococcal, Pseudomonas, meningococcal)
Viral infection (especially vaccinia, variola)
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... Physical agents
Radiation
Burns
Chemicals
Cosmetics
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... Including Tourette syndrome, chronic motor or vocal tic disorder, and transient tic disorder, tic disorders are similar pathophysiologically but differ in severity and prognosis. All tic disorders, commonly known simply as tics, are involuntary, spasmodic, recurrent, and purposeless... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Myoclonus—sudden, shocklike contractions of a single muscle or muscle group—occurs with various neurologic disorders and may herald onset of a seizure. These contractions may be isolated or repetitive, rhythmic or arrhythmic, symmetrical or... Emergency Interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Chorea—brief, unpredictable bursts of rapid, jerky motion that interrupt normal coordinated movement—indicates dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system. Unlike tics, choreiform movements are seldom repetitive but tend to appear purposeful despite... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... A tic is an involuntary, repetitive movement of a specific group of muscles—usually those of the face, neck, shoulders, trunk, and hands. This sign typically occurs suddenly and intermittently. It may involve a single isolated movement—such as lip smacking,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Like other types of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are caused by the paroxysmal, uncontrolled discharge of central nervous system (CNS) neurons, leading to neurologic dysfunction. Unlike most other types of seizures, however, this cerebral hyperactivity isn’t confined... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Jeffrey D. Harrison
Lymph nodes of abnormal size, consistency, or number define lymphadenopathy. Generalized lymphadenopathy refers to these abnormal nodes when they are found in two or more noncontiguous sites. Generalized... Approach ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Diagnostic assessment
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... Differential Overview
Generalized
❑ Steroid myopathy
❑ Diabetic amyotrophy
❑ Polymyalgia rheumatica ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Including Tourette syndrome, chronic motor or vocal tic disorder, and transient tic disorder, tic disorders are similar pathophysiologically but differ in severity and prognosis. All tic disorders, commonly known simply as tics, are involuntary, spasmodic,... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Myoclonus — sudden, shocklike contractions of a single muscle or muscle group — occurs with various neurologic disorders and may herald onset of a seizure. These contractions may be isolated or repetitive, rhythmic or arrhythmic, symmetrical or asymmetrical,... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Like other types of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are caused by the paroxysmal, uncontrolled discharge of central nervous system (CNS) neurons, leading to neurologic dysfunction. Unlike most other types of seizures, however, this... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Chorea — brief, unpredictable bursts of rapid, jerky motion that interrupt normal coordinated movement — indicates dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system. Unlike tics, choreiform movements are seldom repetitive but tend to appear purposeful... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Myoclonus — sudden, shocklike contractions of a single muscle or muscle group — occurs with various neurologic disorders and may herald onset of a seizure. These contractions may be isolated or repetitive, rhythmic or arrhythmic, symmetrical or... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Like other types of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are caused by the paroxysmal, uncontrolled discharge of central nervous system (CNS) neurons, leading to neurologic dysfunction. Unlike most other types of seizures, however, this cerebral... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Myoclonus—sudden, shocklike contractions of a single muscle or muscle group—occurs with various neurologic disorders and may herald the onset of a seizure. These contractions may be isolated or repetitive, rhythmic or arrhythmic, symmetrical or... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... A tic is an involuntary, repetitive movement of a specific group of muscles—usually those of the face, neck, shoulders, trunk, and hands. This sign typically occurs suddenly and intermittently. It may involve a single isolated movement, such as... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Like other types of seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures are caused by the paroxysmal, uncontrolled discharge of central nervous system neurons, leading to neurologic dysfunction. Unlike most other types of seizures, however, this cerebral hyperactivity isn't... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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...
The causes of this symptom lend themselves easily to recall. Simply
remember the word VINDICATE. There are usually just one or two
diseases for each letter.
V—Vascular suggests an infarction of the
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...
The differential diagnosis of this sign is similar to that of tremors
, but a few additional
possibilities should be kept in mind. Idiopathic myoclonus epilepsy, petit
mal epilepsy (with the petit mal triad), grand mal epilepsy, and hysteria are the
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...
Many of the conditions that cause splenomegaly also cause generalized
lymphadenopathy. They are best recalled with the use of the mnemonic
MINT.
M—Malformations include sickle cell anemia and other congenital
hemolytic anemias... Pictures
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...
The analysis of the causes of weakness depends on a knowledge of both
anatomy and biochemistry. Strength depends on an intact
healthy muscle, peripheral nerve, and lower and upper motor neuron pathways
and a functioning... Pictures
... READ EXCERPTS »
...
The
best way to recall the causes of a general rash while still
examining the patient is to think of the mnemonic DERMATITIS.
D—Deficiency diseases include pellagra, scurvy, and vitamin A
deficiency.
E—Endocrine... Pictures
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... Mohammad M. Qasaymeh, MDJonathan W. Mink, MD, PhD Tics - BASICS Tics - description A tic is a sudden, repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary motor (e.g., blinking, grimacing) or vocal (e.g., throat clearing, grunting, barking)... Tics - DIAGNOSIS ... Tics - TREATMENT ... Tics - FOLLOW UP ... Tics - bibliography ... Tics - CODES ... Tics - PATIENT TEACHING-MED ... Tics - FAQ
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Witnessing a seizure can be scary, especially when the seizure occurs in someone you know. Do you know what to do when you see someone having a...
Life with epilepsy is hard for anyone but for kids it can be particularly tough. Learn about a new treatment approach that may help minimize some...
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Deciding on treatment for the seizure disorder epilepsy involves balancing several factors, including the kinds of seizures being treated and...