Treatments for Tracheitis
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Hospital statistics for Tracheitis:
These medical statistics relate to hospitals, hospitalization and Tracheitis:
- 0.006% (795) of hospital consultant episodes were for acute laryngitis and tracheitis in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 91% of hospital consultant episodes for acute laryngitis and tracheitis required hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 50% of hospital consultant episodes for acute laryngitis and tracheitis were for men in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 50% of hospital consultant episodes for acute laryngitis and tracheitis were for women in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
- 73% of hospital consultant episodes for acute laryngitis and tracheitis required emergency hospital admission in England 2002-03 (Hospital Episode Statistics, Department of Health, England, 2002-03)
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Book Excerpts: Treatment of Tracheitis
Treatments of Tracheitis: Online Medical Books
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Stridor & Wheezing:
Treatment
(In a Page: Signs and Symptoms)
-
Attention to airway, breathing, and circulation
-
Administer supplemental O2
-
Asthma: Avoid triggers; bronchodilation with inhaled β
2
agonists (e.g., albuterol) and anticholinergics (e.g., ipratropium); inhaled, oral and/or IV steroids
-
Epiglottitis: Emergent airway intervention (endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy); cephalosporin antibiotics
-
Respiratory infection: Appropriate antibiotics if bacterial cause is suspected; βagonists
-
Anaphylaxis: Patients in extremis require immediate subcutaneous epinephrine injection; antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine); inhaled β
2 agonists
(e.g., albuterol); steroids
-
Croup: Supportive care; nebulized steroids; epinephrine
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In a Page: Signs and Symptoms, 2004
Stridor:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
-
Treatment is frequently based on diagnosis from endoscopy
-
Immediate evaluation when respiratory distress is present
–Observation, intubation, tracheostomy, FB removal
-
Acute stridor
–Viral laryngotracheobronchitis: Steroids, racemic epinephrine, and supplemental O2
–Bacterial tracheitis: Culture-directed antibiotic therapy, consider intubation
-
Chronic stridor of newborn
–History, physical, and endoscopy (fiberoptic or direct)
confirmation of laryngomalacia
–Consider treatment for reflux
–Repeat endoscopy and possible supraglottoplasty if
persistent stridor and failure to thrive
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Wheezing:
Treatment
(In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms)
- Asthma is treated with layered therapy for acute symptom control (“rescue” medicine) and prevention of disease (“controller” medicine)
–Rescue medicines are inhaled β-agonists (immediate) or steroids (rapid)
–Controller medicines include ICS, leukotriene modifiers, anti-inflammatory agents, and long-acting bronchodilators
-
Bronchomalacia is treated with atrovent and/or ICS
-
Treat/eliminate underlying triggers
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Stridor:
Emergency interventions
(Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))
If you hear stridor, quickly check the patient’s vital signs, including oxygen saturation, and examine him for other signs of partial airway obstruction — choking or gagging, tachypnea, dyspnea, shallow respirations, intercostal retractions, nasal flaring, tachycardia, cyanosis, and diaphoresis. (Be aware that abrupt cessation of stridor signals complete obstruction in which the patient has inspiratory chest movement but absent breath sounds. Unable to talk, he quickly becomes lethargic and loses consciousness.)
If you detect signs of airway obstruction, try to clear the airway with back blows or abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). Next, administer oxygen by nasal cannula or face mask, or prepare the patient for emergency endotracheal (ET) intubation or tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. (See Emergency endotracheal intubation.) Have equipment ready to suction aspirated vomitus or blood through the ET or tracheostomy tube. Connect the patient to a cardiac monitor, and position him upright to ease his breathing.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition), 2006
Wheezing [Sibilant rhonchi]:
Emergency interventions
(Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition))
Examine the degree of the patient’s respiratory distress. Is he responsive? Is he restless, confused, anxious, or afraid? Are his respirations abnormally fast, slow, shallow, or deep? Are they irregular? Can you hear wheezing through his mouth? Does he exhibit increased use of accessory muscles; increased chest wall motion; intercostal, suprasternal, or supraclavicular retractions; stridor; or nasal flaring? Take his other vital signs, noting hypotension or hypertension and decreased oxygen saturation or an irregular, weak, rapid, or slow pulse.
Help the patient relax, administer humidified oxygen by face mask, and encourage him to take slow, deep breaths. Have endotracheal intubation and emergency resuscitation equipment readily available. Call the respiratory therapy department to supply intermittent positive-pressure breathing and nebulization treatments with bronchodilators. Insert an I.V. line for administration of drugs, such as diuretics, steroids, bronchodilators, and sedatives. Perform the abdominal thrust maneuver, as indicated, for airway obstruction.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Handbook of Signs & Symptoms (Third Edition), 2006
Stridor:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
If you hear stridor, quickly check the patient’s vital signs including oxygen saturation and examine him for other signs of partial airway obstruction—choking or gagging, tachypnea, dyspnea, shallow respirations, intercostal retractions, nasal flaring, tachycardia, cyanosis, and diaphoresis. (Be aware that abrupt cessation of stridor signals complete obstruction in which the patient has inspiratory chest movement but absent breath sounds. Unable to talk, he quickly becomes lethargic and loses consciousness.)
If you detect any signs of airway obstruction, try to clear the airway with back blows or abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). Next, administer oxygen by nasal cannula or face mask, or prepare for emergency endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. (See Emergency endotracheal intubation, page 734.) Have equipment ready to suction any aspirated vomitus or blood through the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. Connect the patient to a cardiac monitor, and position him upright to ease his breathing.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Wheezing [Sibilant rhonchi]:
Emergency interventions
(Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition))
Assess whether the patient is in respiratory distress. Is he responsive? Is he restless, confused, anxious, or afraid? Are his respirations abnormally fast, slow, shallow, or deep? Are they irregular? Can you hear wheezing through his mouth? Does he exhibit increased use of accessory muscles; increased chest wall motion; intercostal, suprasternal, or supraclavicular retractions; stridor; or nasal flaring? Take his other vital signs, noting hypotension or hypertension, decreased oxygen saturation, and an irregular, weak, rapid, or slow pulse.
Help the patient relax. Administer humidified oxygen by face mask, and encourage slow, deep breathing. Have endotracheal intubation and emergency resuscitation equipment readily available. Call the respiratory therapy department to supply intermittent positive-pressure breathing and nebulization treatments with bronchodilators. Insert an I.V. line for administration of drugs, such as diuretics, steroids, bronchodilators, and sedatives. Perform the abdominal thrust maneuver, as indicated, for airway obstruction.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Professional Guide to Signs & Symptoms (Fifth Edition), 2006
Stridor:
Nursing considerations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
Continue to monitor the patient’s vital signs closely. Prepare him for diagnostic tests, such as arterial blood gas analysis and chest X-rays. Offer reassurance and calm the patient and his family. Provide ongoing assessment of the patient’s respiratory status and oxygenation.
Patient teaching
Instruct the patient and his family about safety measures in the home environment if the stridor is related to aspiration of a foreign object. If the stridor is related to croup, teach the parents techniques to use to manage the condition. Teach the patient and his family about signs and symptoms that require immediate attention.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series, 2007
Wheezing:
Nursing considerations
(Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series)
Prepare the patient for diagnostic tests, such as chest X-rays, arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function tests, and sputum culture.
Ease the patient’s breathing by placing him in semi-Fowler’s position and repositioning him frequently. Perform pulmonary physiotherapy as necessary.
Administer an antibiotic to treat infection, a bronchodilator to relieve bronchospasm and maintain a patent airway, a steroid to reduce inflammation, and a mucolytic or expectorant to increase the flow of secretions. Provide humidification to thin secretions.
Patient teaching
If appropriate, encourage increased activity to promote drainage and prevent pooling of secretions. Encourage regular deep breathing and coughing. Explain the importance of drinking fluids to liquefy secretions and prevent dehydration.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Alarming Signs and Symptoms: Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series, 2007
Stridor:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
If you hear stridor, quickly check the patient’s vital signs including oxygen saturation and examine him for other signs of partial airway obstruction — choking or gagging, tachypnea, dyspnea, shallow respirations, intercostal retractions, nasal flaring, tachycardia, cyanosis, and diaphoresis. (Be aware that abrupt cessation of stridor signals complete obstruction in which the patient has inspiratory chest movement but absent breath sounds. Unable to talk, he quickly becomes lethargic and loses consciousness.)
If you detect any signs of airway obstruction, try to clear the airway with back blows or abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver). Next, administer oxygen by nasal cannula or face mask, or prepare for emergency endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. Have equipment ready to suction any aspirated vomitus or blood through the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. Connect the patient to a cardiac monitor, and position him upright to ease breathing.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Wheezing:
Emergency Actions
(Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses)
Examine the degree of the patient’s respiratory distress. Is he responsive? Is he restless, confused, anxious, or afraid? Are his respirations abnormally fast, slow, shallow, or deep? Are they irregular? Can you hear wheezing through his mouth? Does he exhibit increased use of accessory muscles; increased chest wall motion; intercostal, suprasternal, or supraclavicular retractions; stridor; or nasal flaring? Take his other vital signs, noting hypotension or hypertension, decreased oxygen saturation, and an irregular, weak, rapid, or slow pulse.
Help him relax, administer humidified oxygen by face mask, and encourage slow, deep breathing. Have endotracheal intubation and emergency resuscitation equipment readily available. Call the respiratory therapy department to supply intermittent positive-pressure breathing and nebulization treatments with bronchodilators. Insert an I.V. line for administration of drugs, such as diuretics, steroids, bronchodilators, and sedatives. Perform the abdominal thrust maneuver, as indicated, for airway obstruction.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Signs & Symptoms: A 2-in-1 Reference for Nurses, 2007
Stridor:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Monitor the patient's vital signs closely.
▪ Prepare him for diagnostic tests, such as arterial blood gas analysis and chest X-rays.
▪ Administer oxygen and monitor airway and ventilation.
▪ Provide emotional support.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain the underlying disorder and treatment.
▪ Explain to the patient all procedures and treatments.
▪ Stay with the patient and talk to him in a calm voice to reduce anxiety.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
Wheezing [Sibilant rhonchi]:
Nursing considerations
(Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms)
▪ Prepare the patient for diagnostic tests, such as chest X-rays, arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function tests, and sputum culture.
▪ Ease the patient's breathing by placing him in a semi-Fowler's position.
▪ Perform pulmonary physiotherapy as necessary.
▪ Administer an antibiotic, bronchodilator, steroid, and mucolytic or expectorant, as ordered.
▪ Provide humidification to thin secretions.
Patient teaching
▪ Explain to the patient the underlying cause of wheezing and its treatment.
▪ Teach the patient how to promote drainage and prevent pooling of secretions.
▪ Explain deep-breathing and coughing techniques.
▪ Explain the importance of increasing fluid intake, if appropriate.
▪ Teach the patient how to take prescribed drugs correctly.
» READ BOOK EXCERPT ONLINE »
Source: Nursing: Interpreting Signs and Symptoms, 2007
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