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Is it intermittent? Intermittent dysarthria should make one think of myasthenia gravis, epilepsy, and transient ischemic attacks.
Is there associated ataxia or nystagmus? The findings of nystagmus or ataxia should make one think of a ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Is there a history of drug, caffeine, or alcohol ingestion? The hangover headache is well known and should not present a problem in diagnosis. Caffeine withdrawal headaches are also common because of the large amount of ... DIAGNOSTIC WORKUP
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Dysarthria implies poor speech articulation, as opposed to aphasia or impoverished intelligence due to mental retardation or dementia. Pain is not a feature of dysarthria, nor is poor education. Speech and reading comprehension are completely unaffected in pure dysarthria.... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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Headache is one of the most common primary care complaints. It may be an isolated or recurrent event; it may be idiopathic or secondary to an underlying structural lesion; or it may simply require an analgesic for pain relief or a complete and detailed workup for its source... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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By age 7, 40% of children will have experienced headaches. By age 15, this figure rises to 75%. Headache can be the presenting symptom of a neurologic emergency such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, or of a chronic and common disease such as migraine. The... Differential Diagnosis ... Workup and Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... This symptom is best analyzed by using anatomy, as seen in Tables 32 and 33 , but differentiation by pathophysiology is interesting, particularly in muscle traction headaches and migraines.
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... Besides dysarthria, three other types of speech disorders should be considered here: dysphasia, cerebellar speech, and extrapyramidal speech. In each case, the anatomic location in the nervous system is fairly specific.
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... Battle's sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can be fatal... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations
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... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical features of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Muscle contraction (tension)
Migraine
Cluster (histamine) headache
Nonmigrainous vascular causes
Effort (physical
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... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Chest injuries, including blunt chest injuries, consist of myocardial contusion as well as rib and sternal fractures that may be simple, multiple, displaced, or jagged. Such fractures may cause potentially fatal complications, such as hemothorax, pneumothorax,... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Blunt and penetrating abdominal injuries may damage major blood vessels and internal organs. Their most immediate life-threatening consequences are hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock; later threats include infection. The prognosis depends on the extent of the injury and the... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... Traumatic amputation is the accidental loss of a body part, usually a finger, toe, arm, or leg. In a complete amputation, the member is totally severed; in a partial amputation, some soft-tissue connection remains. The prognosis for such injuries has improved as a result of earlier emergency... Causes and incidence ... Signs and symptoms ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Battle’s sign—ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone—is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by X-ray of the skull. If left untreated, a basilar skull fracture can be... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers
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... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and a labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in... Emergency interventions ... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing benign headaches,... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Pictures
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... Robert B. Taylor
Headache is one of the 20 most frequent reasons patients visit primary care providers in the United States. Migraine headache, one of the common causes of recurrent headache, occurred one or more times yearly in 17.6% of females and in 5.7%... Approach. ... History ... Physical examination ... Testing ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
❑ Migraine
❑ Tension
❑ Acute sinusitis
❑ Acute glaucoma
❑ ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... Differential Overview
Aphasia (Central)
❑ Broca
❑ Wernicke
❑ Conduction
❑ Anomic ... Diagnostic Approach ... Clinical Findings ... Pictures
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... The most common patient complaint, headache usually occurs as a symptom of an underlying disorder. Ninety percent of all headaches are vascular, muscle contraction, or a combination; 10% are due to underlying intracranial, systemic, or psychological disorders. ... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations ... Pictures
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... One-fourth of all trauma deaths in the United States result from chest injuries. Many are blunt chest injuries, which include myocardial contusion and rib and sternal fractures; these may be simple, multiple, displaced, or jagged. Such fractures may... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment
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... Traumatic amputation involves the accidental loss of a body part, usually a finger, a toe, an arm, or a leg. In complete amputation, the member is totally severed; in partial amputation, some soft-tissue connection remains.
The prognosis has improved as a... Causes ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Blunt and penetrating abdominal injuries may damage major blood vessels as well as internal organs. Their most immediate life-threatening consequences are hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock; later threats include infection. The prognosis depends on the extent of the injury and... Causes ... Signs and symptoms ... Diagnosis ... Treatment ... Special considerations
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... Battle’s sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is typically the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can cause... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Geriatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in ordinary... Assessment ... History ... Physical examination ... Pediatric pointers ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Battle’s sign — ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone — is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. Appearing behind one or both ears, Battle’s sign is easily overlooked or hidden by the patient’s hair. In fact,... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Dysarthria is occasionally confused with aphasia, loss of the ability to produce or comprehend... Emergency Actions ... History ... Physical assessment ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Special considerations ... Pediatric pointers ... Patient counseling ... Pictures
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of all headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Comparing
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...In most children, headache is not due toa serious cause. Diagnostic dilemma is to determine which childrenhave serious underlying pathology. Principal Causes of Headache Tension-typeheadache Vascular headache Migraineheadache Migrainewith aura ... Clinical Features and Diagnosis ... Table 25.1. Anatomic Location of Common Intracranial Neoplasms ... Diagnostic Approach ... References
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... Battle's sign—ecchymosis over the mastoid process of the temporal bone—is commonly the only outward sign of a basilar skull fracture. In fact, this type of fracture may go undetected even by skull X-rays. If left untreated, it can be fatal because of... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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... Dysarthria, poorly articulated speech, is characterized by slurring and labored, irregular rhythm. It may be accompanied by a nasal voice tone caused by palate weakness. Whether it occurs abruptly or gradually, dysarthria is usually evident in... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching
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... The most common neurologic symptom, headaches may be localized or generalized, producing mild to severe pain. About 90% of headaches are benign and can be described as vascular, muscle-contraction, or a combination of both. (See Clinical... History and physical examination ... Medical causes ... Other causes ... Nursing considerations ... Patient teaching ... Pictures
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Besides dysarthria, three other types of speech disorders should be
considered here: dysphasia, cerebellar speech, and extrapyramidal speech. In
each case, the anatomic location in the nervous system is fairly specific.
Dysarthria. This... Pictures
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... Author:
Michael Clemmens, MD
What to Do - Take Action
Concussion is defined as a closed head injury associated with transient alteration in mental status or neurologic function, which may or may not involve
loss of... Suggested Readings
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... Author:
Ellen Hamburger, MD
What to Do - Take Action
Children recovering from severe injuries, such as TBI and burns, are very
likely to experience a range of neuropsychiatric and behavioral responses
that require a multidisciplinary approach... Suggested Readings
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... Karen LeComte, MDJerry Larrabee, MD Brain Injury, Traumatic - BASICS Brain Injury, Traumatic - description Traumatic brain injury (TBI): Damage to the brain from accidental or nonaccidental trauma: Children ... Brain Injury, Traumatic - DIAGNOSIS ... Brain Injury, Traumatic - TREATMENT ... Brain Injury, Traumatic - FOLLOW UP ... Brain Injury, Traumatic - bibliography ... Brain Injury, Traumatic - CODES
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If you've suffered a stroke, one of your greatest concerns should be preventing a second stroke. Currently, 40 percent of stroke survivors have a...
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After suffering a stroke, many people experience post-stroke spasticity, muscle tightness that not only impairs mobility, but also impacts the life...
A stroke can induce a wide variety of disabilities. With timely and proper rehabilitation, however, patients can often learn how to regain...