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Diseases » Viral diseases » Glossary

Glossary for Viral diseases

Acute Appendicitis: Infection of the appendix
Adenoviruses: Common viruses causing common cold and various other ailments.
Allergies: Immune system over-reaction to various substances.
Arbovirus: Any group of viruses transmitted to humans by mosquitoes and ticks
Arenavirus: A genus of viruses of the family Arenaviridae
Arenaviruses: Rare viral infection usually caught from rodents.
Astrovirus: An RNA virus that may affect the gastrointestinal system
Bacterial meningitis: Bacterial meningitis is a form of meningitis caused by bacteria that normally lives in the mouth and throat. When the immune system is unable to supress this bacteria, it travels to the cerebrospinal spinal fluid in the brain. From there it affects the membranes surrounding the brain.
Bunyavirus: Virus of the family bunyaviridae.
Cat scratch disease: An infectious disease transmitted through a cat's bite, scratch or lick and resulting primarily in lymph node pain and swelling. The condition can be mild or severe.
Chickenpox: Common viral infection.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Severe chronic fatigue disorder often following infection.
Chronic Hepatitis B: Chronic form of HepB liver infection.
Chronic Hepatitis C: Chronic form of Hepatitis C viral liver infection.
Cold sores: Skin cores on the skin, face, or lips.
Common cold: A cold is a relatively minor contagious infection of the nose and throat that can be caused by a number of different viruses (e.g. rhinoviruses, coronaviruses). There are over 200 different viruses that have the potential to cause the common cold. Although colds can cause discomfort they are not considered a serious condition.
Cytomegalovirus: A easily transmissible viral infection that is common but generally causes no symptoms except in infants and people with weakened immune systems.
Defective expression of HLA class 2: An inherited immunodeficiency disorder which reduces the body's ability to fight infection. Lack of treatment can result in infant death from infection.
Dengue fever: An acute viral disease characterized by fever, rash and myalgia and caused by a flavivirus which is transmitted by mosquitoes.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever: Severe complication of dengue
Diseases contagious from surfaces: Diseases spread from contact with surfaces
Ebola: Dangerous virus mostly found in Africa.
Encephalitis: Dangerous infection of the brain
Encephalitis, California serogroup viral: A mosquito borne viral illness
Enteroviruses: Viruses affecting the digestive tract.
Epstein-Barr virus: Common virus causing mononucleosis
Filovirus: A group of viruses that includes Marburg and Ebola
Flavivirus: A group B arbovirus that causes disease in humans and animals
Flu: Very common viral respiratory infection.
Genital herpes: Sexually transmitted infection of the genital region.
HIV/AIDS: HIV is a sexually transmitted virus and AIDS is the progressive immune failure that HIV causes.
HTLV: Virus associated with affecting the immune system.
HTLV-1: Virus affecting the immune system and associated with a particular leukemia/lymphoma.
Hand, Foot, & Mouth Disease: Common contagious viral infant or child condition
Hantavirus: A genus of viruses from the family Bunyaviridae
Hendra Virus: A paramyxoviridae virus that is transmitted from animals to humans from body fluids and excretions
Hepatitis A: Contagious viral infection of the liver
Hepatitis B: Viral liver infection spread by sex or body fluids.
Hepatitis C: Viral liver infection spread by blood.
Hepatitis D: Viral liver infection occurring in association with HepB.
Hepatitis E: Viral liver infection.
Hepatitis X: Hepatitis infection by an unknown virus not classified as HepA/B/C/D/E.
Herpes: Virus with one subtype causing cold sores and another causing genital herpes.
Herpesvirus: A group of DNA viruses that occur in humans
Hodgkin's Disease: A form of cancer that affects the lymphatic system.
Human Papillomavirus: Very common sexually transmitted disease causing genital warts and associated with certain cancers.
Infant Cytomegalic virus: A serious CMV viral infection in newborns.
Japanese encephalitis: A form of encephalitis caused by a flavivirus (Japanese B encephalitis virus - JBEV) and transmitted by mosquito bites. Most cases are mild and asymptomatic but severe cases can lead to death.
Ketorolac - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Ketorolac during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
Lassa fever: Infectious rat-borne West African disease.
Lethargy: feeling of tiredness
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis: Rodent-borne viral disease often causing meningitis or encephalitis
Lyssavirus: A group of viruses that infect mammals and arthropods
MHC class 1 or class 2 deficiency: An inherited immunodeficiency disorder involving a deficiency of class I and II major histocompatibility complexes. Serious infections can result.
Malaise: General feelings of discomfort or being ill-at-ease.
Measles: Once common viral infection now rare due to vaccination.
Meningitis: Dangerous infection of the membranes surrounding the brain.
Meningococcal disease: Dangerous bacterial infection causing meningitis or bacteremia.
Mesenteric Adenitis: Swollen abdominal lymph nodes
Microbes: A pathogenic microorganism
Mifepristone - Teratogenic Agent: There is evidence to indicate that exposure to Mifepristone during pregnancy may have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. A teratogen is a substance that can cause birth defects. The likelihood and severity of defects may be affected by the level of exposure and the stage of pregnancy that the exposure occurred at.
Molluscum contagiosum: Common wart-causing virus.
Mononucleosis: Common infectious virus.
Mumps: An acute viral disease that causes the salivary glands to become swollen, sore and inflamed. Immunization had greatly reduced the incidence of this disease.
Nezelof's syndrome: An immune deficiency disorder where the cells that normally fight infection don't work properly and patients suffer frequent severe infections.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A type of lymphoma, a cancer affecting lymph nodes and the immune system.
Non-genetic diseases: Any disease that does not have a genetic component
Ocular Herpes: Viral infection of the eye from herpes virus.
Orf: Viral skin infection related to sheep and goats
Parainfluenza: Milder influenza-like infection
Pityriasis Rosea: Skin inflammation
Pneumonia: Infection of the lung by bacteria, viruses or fungus.
Polio: Dangerous virus now rare due to vaccination.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Progressive degenerative condition of the brain.
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency: A very rare genetic disease involving an enzyme (purine nucleoside phosphorylase - PNP) deficiency which causes a buildup of toxic metabolic products which in turn impairs the development of T-cells (part of the body's immune system). The condition is characterized primarily by frequent infections and various neurological symptoms.
Rabies: An infectious disease that can affect any mammal including humans and is transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal. The infectious agent is the Neurotropic lyssavirus which affects the salivary gland and also causes neurological symptoms.
Respiratory syncytial virus: Viral respiratory infection serious in young infants.
Rift Valley Fever: Mosquito-borne viral infection affecting animals and humans
Roseola infantum: Contagious infant conditions
Rotavirus: Diarrhea-causing virus in infants.
Rubella: A contagious viral infection caused by the Rubella virus which produces a rash and lymph node swelling. It can have serious implication in pregnant women as the virus can be transmitted through the placenta and cause serious fetal defects or even fetal death.
SARS: Serious respiratory infection
Sandfly fever: Viral infection from sandfly bites
Shingles: Infectious viral infection occuring years after chickenpox infection.
Slap-cheek syndrome: Viral infection where children get rosy cheeks.
Smallpox: Dangerous virus now almost eliminated worldwide by vaccination.
St. Louis encephalitis: Mosquito-borne type of brain infection (encephalitis)
Strep throat: Streptococcal bacterial throat infection.
Type 1 diabetes: Severe insulin-treated diabetes typically occurring in young people.
Viral dysentery: Contagious epidemic viral form of dysentery.
Viral gastroenteritis: Virus causing gastroenteritis of digestive tract.
Viral meningitis: Viral meningitis refers to meningitis caused by a viral infection
Warts: Lumpy growths under the skin
West Nile fever: Mosquito-borne infectious virus.
Yellow fever: A viral infection transmitted by mosquito bites which can damage various organs such as the liver, heart, kidney and digestive tract.